Parallel mitsetse mundege uye muchadenga

Mundege mitsetse dzinonzi zvakafanana kana vasina pfungwa zvakafanana, kureva, havafaniri piringisha. For inofambirana mazita vanoshandisa inokosha kuvake || (Parallel mitsetse munhu || b).

For mitsetse avete nzvimbo zvinodiwa kushaya nevakawanda pfungwa hazvikwani - kuti vari pakuenzanisa muchadenga, vanofanira kuva chete ndege (zvikasadaro vachava skew).

Nezvemienzaniso inofambirana mitsetse havafaniri kuenda kure, ivo pamwe nesu kwese, mukamuri - dzinza mharadzano kwemasvingo kusvikira kumusoro uye pasi, pamusoro nebhuku rokunyorera papepa - wechirume micheto, etc.

Zviri pachena kuti, pamwe parallelism vaviri mitsetse uye yechitatu mutsetse newokuti rimwe maviri okutanga, zvichava akaererana wechipiri.

Parallel mitsetse mundege akasungwa mashoko haina akaratidza nokushandisa axioms kuti ndege geometry. Zvinonzi sokugamuchira chokwadi, ive axiom: upi pfungwa mundege kwete avete yakarurama mutsetse, pane rakasiyana mutsetse kuti ichipfuura nawo noku ichi. axiom Izvi zvinozivikanwa zvose yechitanhatu mwana wechikoro.

Its spatial zvavo, kuti ndiye okuti chipi pfungwa iri muchadenga, kwete nomusi mutsetse, pane rakasiyana mutsetse kuti ichipfuura nawo noku ichi, ari nyore akaratidza tichibatsirwa zvakatoitika anozivikanwa axiom pakati parallelism mundege.

The ehupfumi pamusoro inofambirana mitsetse

• Kana vaviri dzakafanana mitsetse noku yechitatu, ipapo zvinofanana.

pfuma iyi makagarwa nemweya dzakafanana mitsetse mundege uye muchadenga.
Somuenzaniso, funga kururamiswa aro hwakasimba geometry.

Ngatitii dzakafanana mitsetse B cvasina kutungamirira munhu.

Nyaya apo vose mitsetse vavete chete mundege kusiya ndege geometry.

Kufunga, mumwe, uye, b ndezvaMwari ndege Beta uye wegamma - plane, iyo chinobatanidza uye C (nokuti Kutsunga inofambirana mitsetse vari muchadenga vanofanira kuva chete ndege).

Vachifunga kuti ndege yakasiyana Beta uye wegamma uye chiratidzo pamusoro mutsetse b kubva mundege Beta vamwe pfungwa B, ndege nomunyika pfungwa B uye mutsetse vanofanira piringisha pamwe ndege yakarurama Beta (runotaurwa B1).

Kana zvichiguma zvakananga B1 vakayambuka ndege yacho wegamma, naizvozvo ruoko rumwe, kuyambuka pfungwa areve nhema pamusoro, nekuti B1 ndowenyika Beta ndege, uye kuno rumwe payo, inofanira kuva uye, sezvo B1 ndezvaiye wechitatu ndege.
Asi dzakafanana mitsetse uye C regai bindepinde.

Saka, yakananga B1 inofanira kuva ndege Beta uye vasina zvakafanana huru ine Naizvozvo, maererano axiom pamusoro parallelism, izvozvo rinobatana b.
Takagamuchira rinobatana yakarurama mutsetse b B1, raiva imwe ndege pamwe yakarurama mutsetse pamwe uye panguva imwecheteyo hazvina piringisha, kureva, b uye C - zvakafanana

• Kuburikidza pfungwa kuti hahuwanikwi rakapihwa yakarurama mutsetse, noku ichi kunogona kutora nzvimbo imwe chete nemamwe mutsetse.

• Avete ndege perpendicular rechitatu misara miviri zvinofanana.

• Kunopiwa Ndege kuyambuka mumwe yakafanana maviri dzikarurama mitsara intersects chete ndege uye akarurama mutsetse wechipiri.

• Zvakakodzera uye crosswise nokuiswa mukati pamakona inoumbwa ne mharadzano vaviri yakarurama mitsetse noku yechitatu, vakaenzana mari akaumbwa pezviri yaitsigira divi akaenzana 180 °.

The kurukura ndokwechokwadi, izvo zvinogona kutorwa zviratidzo parallelism vaviri mitsetse.

Mamiriro inofambirana mitsetse

zvivako uye zvinhu arakaitwa pamusoro ezvinhu zvinomiririra dzakafanana mitsetse, uye nzira dzavo vanogona kuratidza kunyatsonanga geometry. Nemamwe mashoko, kuti kuratidza parallelism maviri aripo mitsetse zvakakwana kuratidza kwavo rechitatu yakarurama zvakafanana kana wakaenzana pamakona, kana zvakakodzera kana akachenjera nhema, etc.

Kuti aratidze kuti kunyanya kushandiswa nzira "by pagakava" kureva kuti, nemashoko okuti pemitsara havasi kuenderana. Kubva musi kubvuma ichi, mumwe anogona nyore kuratidza kuti iyi nyaya vakakanganisa zvakafanorongwa ezvinhu Somuenzaniso, avete crosswise mukati pamakona dzisakarurama, izvo zvinoratidza kururama zvekungofungira akaita.