The kushaya wamapoka Soviet kubva Afghanistan kwakaitika sezvo vakundi kana vakundwa?

Namashanu February 1989 - mukuru pazuva kushaya revarwi Soviet kubva Afghanistan. At 10:00 am, wokupedzisira musoja, refutenendi-General rechi40 Army B. V. Gromov, akasiya kunharaunda Afghanistan pamuganhu, Rwaipfuura zambuko pamusoro Amu DARYA rwizi. Kubvira ipapo, zvakatora makore 24, asi zviitiko hondo usati akadzimwa kuyeuka vechikamu vavo dzinotiyeuchidza mumabhuku, mafirimu. Munhu wose anoyeuka shamisa firimu "9 Rota", ichirondedzera zviitiko hondo. Mune imwe chiitiko, mubvunzo pamusoro zvaaizoita pashure kumba, musoja ati: "Inwai, ipapo mumwe chokunwa, uye kunwa kusvikira unokanganwa ose rwaityisa kuti vakatsungirira." Chii vakayambuka varwi Soviet ikoko, munyika yamakomo Afghanistan, uye Chikurukuru, nokuti chii?

The refu hondo-gore 10

Soviet kushaya kubva Afghanistan kwakaratidza kuguma hondo, zvatakakutadzirai, Chokwadi, havazivi zvinenge chinhu. Kana tikaenzanisa pamwe Wokutanga Second World Wars, mashoko pamusoro "hikes gomo" kuverengera pamusoro kukwana 10 makore, hwaponeswa chete kuyeuka vechikamu. Covert hondo yakatanga musi 25 December 1979, uye somugumisiro, zviri nekutumirwa kwemauto revarwi vakaratidza USSR munyika dzakawanda munhandare sechinhu murwisi.

Zvikurukuru, nyika iri Group of Seven vasinganzwisise Mutongo USSR, uye US chete teshilis ichi sezvo Yemashoko Hondo pakati zviviri zvakasimba inoti chaiitirwa kwenguva refu. On December 29, pepanhau "Pravda" Mabatiro Hurumende Afghan rave akadhindwa ari kunze rubatsiro kugadzirisa zvinorwisana maari. The Soviet Union rakabatsira, asi panenge pakarepo akaziva "chikanganiso Afghan" uye shure mugwagwa yakanga yakaoma. Kuti vaite kushaya revarwi Soviet kubva Afghanistan, hurumende akatora anenge 10 apfuura, zvakanga zvakakodzera kubayira upenyu 14 zviuru masoja, 53,000 kurwadziwa uye kutakura upenyu mamiriyoni 1 veAfghan. Nokuti mauto Soviet zvakanga zvakaoma kutakura pamusoro mumwe remagandanga hondo mumakomo, ukuwo Mujahideen akavaziva mukati kunze.

Soviet kushaya kubva Afghanistan akava mumwe pezvidzidzo yakanga yamutswa kwenguva yokutanga February 7, 1980. Asi hurumende zvino faniro kunonoka mauto, sezvo mamiriro ezvinhu Afghanistan, mu pfungwa dzavo, haana kudzikamiswa. zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti 1.5 kuti kusunungurwa munyika chakakwana - 2 years. Nokukurumidza L. I. Brezhnev akafunga pamusoro kushaya revarwi, asi hazvina kutsigira chirongwa pamusoro Yu. V. Andropov, DF Ustinov. Kwenguva yakati, kuti dambudziko iri yamira, uye varwi akaramba nokufira mumakomo, hazvina kujeka kuti zvido vane. Yakanga chete muna 1985 M. S. Gorbachev akatangazve nyaya boka kushaya hurongwa akabvumirwa, maererano iyo, mukati mumakore maviri, mauto eSoviet akanga kusiya nyika Afghanistan. Yakanga chete pashure kupindira UN bepa vakapinda basa. Pakistan uye Afghanistan kunge akasaina runyararo chibvumirano, United States wairambidza anopindira munyaya dzomunyika yacho, sezvo Soviet Union yakanga kuratidza kushaya revarwi Soviet kubva Afghanistan.

Masoja Soviet vakadzoka kukunda kana kukundwa?

Vazhinji vanonetseka chii mugumisiro akagumisa hondo? tinogona kufunga Soviet varwi vakundi? mhinduro Simple pasina, asi Soviet Union haana kuisa pachavo basa kukunda Afghanistan, aifanira kubatsira Hurumende pezviri Kudzikamiswa. USSR chinowanzoitika kurasikirwa hondo iyi pachake, masoja 14 zviuru uye nemhuri dzavo. Akabvunza kutumira mauto kunyika, kuti vakanga vakamirira ikoko? History anoziva havana kuuraya mamwe richizvitenda, kutambura zvibayiro zvakadaro. The kushaya wamapoka kubva Afghanistan muna 1989 kwaiva chisarudzo akangwara zvikuru mukufamba hondo iyi, asi zvinosuruvarisa emadhaka achagara nokusingaperi mumwoyo muviri uye pfungwa kukakuvadza nhengo dzavo.