Hondo Great Hondo Yenyika I: Brusilov Kurwisa

Hondo yeHondo Yenyika I Kashoma vaipfeka tsamwisa hunhu. Hondo kwakaitika sluggishly nzvimbo, asi zvakanga chaizvo ropa. Kunze kwaiva, zvichida, chete muna 1916, apo murayiro Russian akaronga hombe-pamwero tsamwisa muna South-Western Front. Chiitiko ichi Zvinozivikanwa munhau muchiuto sezvo Brusilov Kurwisa.

General Brusilov, uyo rukudzo ainzi kuvhiyiwa uku muchiuto, akashandisa imwe kujairika uye zvitsva panguva iyo budiriro mazano. Zvairehwa yakanga kukoromora muvengi paaizvidzivirira aine wavanozvisunga simba iri huru negwara uye vanotsigira mawa kwevashandi dzimwe nzira. Saka, reserves nemauto vakapararira, uye muvengi vasingagoni kuratidza brunt, kurasikirwa nzvimbo dzavo.

Kutaura zvazviri Brusilov Kurwisa akava Danho idzva munhoroondo unyanzvi hondo.

Verkhovna mwero 1916 kushandisa chisarudzo chinoenderana zvizere remapazi nemauto, chikuru basa tsamwisa kutora Western Front, pamwe vatsigire North. A South-Western Front, iro rinotungamirirwa General Brusilov, akanga chete kuzvidzivirira uye kuti kanganisa mauto muvengi. Zvisinei Brussilov pachake akaramba kuita zvizere-pamwero tsamwisa mauto eRussia kubva kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero.

Kugadzirira kurwisa Brusilov akanga akatakurwa kunze kwazvo kunyatsofunga uye pakavanda zvizere. Murayiro rweAustro-Hungary zvavo vaiziva urongwa Entente, asi muzere chivimbo kuti mushure vakakundikana kushanda muna 1915 mauto eRussia havana kuzoshinga zvakare kuti kuitisa tsamwisa kushandiswa.

Zvichakadai, hondo Russian aungana kuti kutyora nzvimbo, masoja vakadzidza kukurira zvipingamupinyi, atirari - kutyora okuchengetedza uye ematongerwo. Kwemwedzi yakati kuti, varwi vari South-Western Front vakanga akanyepera dzikarongwa asingaoneki kuti muvengi.

The mangwanani June 4, 1916, zvinosuwisa kuti rweAustro-Hungary mauto. Ivo achimirira anodzimaidza rufu: volleys ezviuru kwepfuti vakadzoka kugarwa akavakirirwa zvepamusoro muguruva nemadota. Kurwisa mauto eRussia zvachose pfungwa yacho breakout.

Russian atirari uye inifanduri akaita zvinoshamisa zvichipindirana. Vakachengetwa akafukidzwa moto wavo atirari, kuti vaifamba yakatamira kurwisa. Vaifamba mafungu, nhatu kana ina nechimwe cheni, chinhambwe matanho 170-200 nepedyo. Kurwisa aiva "mupumburu".

Most zvinobudirira vakavhiyiwa Army General Kaledin kurudyi parutivi yakananga Lutsk. Guta pacharo Lutsk ndokubatwa mazuva mashoma pashure kutanga kurwisa, uye muvengi ari adzosa ne 60 makiromita zvakadzama, kuna Stokhid rwizi.

Kuruboshwe parutivi kuti General Lechitskogo hondo akakwanisa kufamba kusvika 120 makiromita, akayambuka Prut uye akakunda kuChernovtsy June 18.

Zvishoma zvakanaka akaita ne General Army Sakharov, atarisana nomutsipa nemishonga kubva rweAustro-Hungarians.

Brusilov budiriro zvaireva kurasikirwa mauto ari Triple Alliance.

Kuvaka pamusoro kubudirira, kwakasarudzwa kuti uchatamisa huru kurwadzisa kune Western Front muna South-West. Rate vamwe nguva vaizeza, vakamirira mutungamiri Western Group of Forces, General Evert vachiri kupinda inoshingaira kurwisa. Zvisinei, haana kuzoshinga, uye yechipiri hafu June kuitira Brusylov kuchengeterwa mauto akatanga kusvika. Under kumanikidzwa kubva Supreme Command, Evert ndokubatana kundikana tsamwisa yakananga Baranovichi.

Germany, Austria uye Italy akatanga kudzidzinga kudhonza mauto ayo kuna South-Western Front kudzivirira sokuronga kukosha Kovel. Brusilov yakatanga tsamwisa idzva Kovel uye Brody, asi muvengi kunotyisa nemishonga akakwanisa kudzikamisa zvinhu pamusoro fronts. Mukupera June, mune ruvengo zvakare takanga tisisanakidzwi.

Zvikurukuru nemhaka kuzengurira uye basa vachibhejera zvinhu Brusilov budiriro haana kugamuchira kukura uye kubudirira zvakakodzera. Kunyange zvakadaro, chiitiko ichi akaita basa rinokosha mune danidziro 1916.

Kurasikirwa rweAustro-Hungary mauto vanenge mumwe uye vanhu mamiriyoni hafu kuzorwa 500 zviuru kubva Russian divi. Musungwa wakabatwa 450 zviuru varwi yeAustria uye anenge 10,000 vatariri.

Hondo World War I Kashoma kuunza vakadaro mhanza Entente mauto: yakakundwa Bukovina rose uye chikamu Galicia. Germany akamanikidzwa kubvisa 16 mapoka kubva Western Front, uye Austria zvose zvashanduka zvaigumbura yavo nenzira Italy, kushandura kuna Galicia 7 mapoka. Turkey uyewo nezvevanakomana ayo 2 mapoka.

Brusilov budiriro rave kwakatungamirira kuti Romania muna August 1916, vakasarudza kutora kurutivi Entente.

Saka, pasinei ayo mukuru incompleteness, ichi kupenya uto oparesheni kodzero apinda zana mukuru hondo munhoroondo yevanhu.