Pangozi zvirimwa. Rare uye Mungozi Plants

The kutsakatika kwemarudzi mazhinji ezvinhu kasvisto kazhinji anoenderana munhu uye rake rokuparadza, zvinoitika kuti basa. Zviuru emagazini zvisingawanzoitiki zvinomera haangatongooni vanhu. The Red Book iri mazita nemhuka, kana yakatotsakatika kana vava kuda kwayo. Asi kunyange aivapo nhoroondo, kuziva chaizvoizvo kuti makopi zvimwe zvirimwa zvizhinji munyika yose kusara, hazvibviri.

nokutsakatika kwemarudzi

Yakatotsakatika howa vanogamuchira ichi chinzvimbo uye nzvimbo yaro iri "zvakarongwa dema" pashure kunyangarika pakupedzisira, kunozivikanwa pamutemo. A yakawanda yakatotsakatika kwemarudzi anozivikanwa chete "Zvisaririra" avo - imprints pamusoro pamatombo, uchapupu zvitupa.

Chimwe chezvinhu yekare yakatotsakatika miti - nayo arhefruktus. marangwanda ake vaakawana 1998 muna Lower Cretaceous mu China.

A genus pamusoro yakatotsakatika zvinomera izvi, asi ivo ndivo mwana kunge kana chinotevera hama vanoonekwa mvura-maruva. Arhefruktus zvakare dzabudapo madziva, asi hazvina kusvikira pakuguma kuumbwa (semuenzaniso, hapana nenamo). Masayendisiti anodavira zviri tateguru maruva zvose zvinomera zviri ano yekare.

Yakatotsakatika mhando kazhinji kureva mangwanani epochs zvakasikwa. Zvinokosha kutaura archaeopteris - Fern yekare, inobereka kunyange Paleozoic yaitonga. It anonzi mukuru muti. Zvinofadza kwavo mamiriro muti-kufanana chirimwa lepidodendrons zvaiitika ari Carboniferous munguva. mashizha kukura zvakananga kubva hunde pasina petiole, saka pashure shizha hunde akaramba cicatrectomy, zvichiita nemakwati rakafanana garwe ganda.

Zvinosuruvarisa rekare yakatotsakatika zvirimwa havasi voga vari kutapwa kwavo. Kunyange muzana remakore rechi20 zvakakwanisika Kutsakatika pachiso kasvisto paNyika. Saka, Somuenzaniso, rave zvachose akarasika Viola cryana kuti akakura ari reraimu nevhu zasi-kumabvazuva kweFrance. To rufu kwake kwakaguma zvakonzerwa nokuputsika reraimu.

By zvachose akanyangarika 799 siyana mashoko nokuda 2011 (kusanganisira miti nemhuka zvakazonaka) muna mbizi zvisikwa akarega kuvapo 61 marudzi uye hombe nhamba iri vava kuda kutsakatika. Gore negore, nhamba idzi, zvinosuwisa, kukura chete.

Yakatotsakatika musango

EW - chinzvimbo ichi ndivo miti kuti vapone chete muutapwa. Kakawanda kukura mune botanical mapindu uye hunhu hwemunhu, apo vagari dzavo kunyatsoongororwa zvazvaiita.

Somuenzaniso, encephalartos Wood, akura ari mumasango nemitenusirwa South Africa, rakabviswa dzomusango uye akaisa muna botanical mapindu munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika. Nokuda vanoshorwa ezvinhu, chirimwa ichi vaigona zvachose. Uye zvose nokuti rudzi mukono zvinomera, kureva, hazvina kubereka nenzira inozivikanwa, asi runosvika nokuda kupatsanura chiitiko chimwe.

Pangozi zvirimwa dzimwe nguva zvaiona anyangarika chose kubva nyika, asi chishamiso chinoitika uye mumwe anowana pakupedzisira. Izvi zvakaitika kuna Gibraltar campion, izvo kwemakore akawanda kwainzi yakarasika kuti zvisikwa. Asi muna 1994, mumwe mukwiri vakagumburwa pamusoro ruva iri mumakomo. To musi, chirimwa ichi anogara Gibraltar Botanical Garden uye Royal Garden London.

Nokuda kutsakatika zvavo chete mukume - shiri sunbirds - akanyangarika yakanaka ruva, rinonzi "chihwenga wetsodzo". Inflorescence Its zvinonyanya nowenyika muromo reshiri, kunyange zvazvo vari red-Orange ruvara. Home kuti ruva ndivo Canary Islands.

Chimwe dzinonakidza kukura ruva zvino vakatapwa - imwe chokoreti pezvakasikwa. Zita iri kujairika akanga Mexican ruva ane munhuwi Vanilla.

Chikonzero kunyangarika zvinomera zhinji iri basa nevanhu, asi zvakasikwa kuita kwavo nomupiro ndakasuruvara. Saka, pashure moto 1978 muHawaii kubva dzomusango akanyangarika Kokio ruva kuti akakura chete pamusoro hunde dzacho muti kwezvimwe.

achitsoropodza pangozi

CR - muchikwata ichi vachishoropodza kuti marudzi ose pangozi. Zvichida avo zvirimwa kuti vari muchikwata ichi, akafa kare, asi masayendisiti havana nguva kuita tsvakurudzo zvokukwanisa kuva nechokwadi. Muna 2011, pasi chiratidzo CR akanga 1619 yemiti.

Russia miriwo pangozi zvinosanganisirwawo muchikwata ichi. Plants akadai ginseng, Adonis chitubu, yellow mvura rehapa, muri vava kuda kutsakatika munyika yedu nokuda kwayo semushonga. Vanhu vazhinji havazivi kuti ndiwo muti pakati Red Book, ribvise navo, nokudaro vanoparadza yose kwevanhu.

Imwe rarest zvinomera munyika - gomo ruva Edelweiss. Rinogona kuwanikwa Alps, iyo Altai uye Caucasus, asi rinoda kukwira kuti kukwira zviuru zvakawanda mamita. Flower, yakapoteredzwa ngano, ndine Inflorescence muchimiro nyeredzi, zvaanoda ushoma, kunyange ari musande aive vanoda.

Plants kubva Red Book chinorambidzwa kutanha. Somuenzaniso, muna Switzerland dzakadaro mhosva aifanira kubhadhara yakanaka chaizvo.

pangozi

EN - chinzvimbo, izvo mhando pangozi kunyangarika nokuda kwavo duku ukuru kana vanoshorwa ezvinhu zvenyika dzavo dzinogarisana.

Kubvira ipapo, nyika sezvo iine murume wokutanga, kutsakatika kwemarudzi ose nemhuka vakatanga kuwana nokukurumidza kumhanya. Izvi chokuita zvokurima, uye kuvhima.

Chii zvinomera vari kufa uye chii chisisisipo nyore kuona. Izvi imhaka dzimwe mhando nzvimbo inongova isingazivikanwi, kuti asimbise nhamba yavo chaiyo hazvibviri.

Mune Red Bhuku Russia 652 yemiti kuti inokurukurwa pangozi. Pakati pavo polushnik, snowdrop ploskolistny, Fori zvikwenzi, lotus chitsvene, gomo peony, uye vamwe vakawanda.

Pangozi zvirimwa muRussia vanodzivirirwa Zvisinei, yaiona. Asi nyaya kuparadzwa zvachose chero yemiti kubva Red Book nekutambira tsotsi basa.

dhererwa

VU - kuchengetedza mamiriro yemiti kuti vari pangozi wokusanganiswa panjodzi. Asi pane zvinomera zviri zvakakwana bereka muutapwa uye, chokwadi, havasi mungozi. Zvisinei, masayendisiti vanowanzomuitira kusiya chinzvimbo ichi, nokuti pangangova kuderedza VOKUPARIDZIRA musango. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Mbeswa chirimwa Venus flytrap iyo anodya zvipembenene molluscs dzimwe nguva ane chinzvimbo VU.

chikamu ichi chirimwa ane vanopfuura zviuru zvishanu zvinomera, kusanganisira mosses. Somuenzaniso, Russian knapweed, gorse muSitiya, walnuts bearish, AND tulip Gesner, yew there , etc.

Conservation-muyanzvi mhando

Kubva muna 1994, World Conservation Union hazvina mhando itsva zvinomera zviri muchikwata ichi. CD iri subcategory, iyo rakakamurwa matavi matatu:

• novimba nokuchengetedzwa;
• pedyo panjodzi mamiriro;
• ngozi diki.

The International Red Book chakanyorwa 252 rudzi kuva ichi Sub-muchikwata. Somuenzaniso, kunonya rotundifolia, vanoverengeka siyana elaeocarpus Mexican Viburnum etc.

Pangozi Plants vari muchikwata ichi vari dzinenge haana kudzoka, kuti umutse yevagari zvinomera pangozi kwakaoma zvisingaiti.

Pedyo panjodzi mamiriro ezvinhu

NT-chinzvimbo hunopiwa mhuka uye zvinomera anogona kupinda boka kubatsirwa mune ramangwana, asi hazvisi Pari pasi chero kutyisidzira. Huru dzekuziva kuti kuwira muchikwata ichi ndiwo rutapudzo chavagari saizi nokuparadzirwa munyika.

Muna 2011, chinzvimbo ichi chaiva zvinopfuura 1,200 zvinomera.

Muduku-hanya marudzi

LC chinzvimbo iri basa dzimwe mhando dzose dzemhuka uye zvinomera uye vasiri basa dzimwe muchikwata chipi. Pangozi miti hatina kumbova muchikwata ichi.