Scheme chubhu gudzazwi. Wiring dhayagiramu of gudzazwi

Nyaya ino kudzidzwa zvakadzama gudzazwi redunhu Vacuum sepombi. Chokwadi, nzira iri yechinyakare, asi nhasi unogona kusangana mafeni kuti "Vintage". Mumwe chete vanosarudza digitaalinen chubhu ruzha, uye munhu aidaro mukupa upenyu chechipiri unyanzvi, chakasakara, inodzorera nayo Zvishoma nezvishoma. Vazhinji mudzidzi redhiyo dzaishandisa, vanoshanda mudenga, kushandisa mwenje kuvaka mamwe mazano Cascades. Somuenzaniso, UHF nyore kuvaka chaiyo iri simba mwenje, sezvo ivo transistors vachange zvakare kuoma.

Structural gudzazwi redunhu

The chinogumbura dhayagiramu iri sezvinotevera:

1. The chiratidzo mabviro (maikorofoni goho, foni, kombiyuta, uye zvichingodaro. D.).
2. vhoriyamu kuzvidzora - a potentiometer (shanduka resistor).
3. The preamplifier inovakwa pamusoro rambi (kazhinji transistor), mumwe transistor.
4. Hochekoche matauriro kudzora redunhu zvakabatana kuti anode preamplifier rambi.
5. Final gudzazwi. Kazhinji mabasa panguva pentode Somuenzaniso, 6P14S.
6. A enzanirana mudziyo, kubvumira goho pamusoro gudzazwi uye dhoku mutauri gadziriro. Kazhinji, basa iri kuridzwa pasi transformer mhando (220/12 Volt).
7. Power PAKAPERA, sezvamakaropafadzwa voltages maviri vanowanika: kugara 250-300 V uye 6.3 V, ac (12.6 kana zvakakodzera).

Maererano ari chinogumbura diagram, dzakavakwa pfungwa. Zvakakosha kuongorora kwazvo mumwe hurongwa raiva pedyo nebundu kugadzira ari gudzazwi haana kwakakonzera zvinetso.

LF Power gudzazwi

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, simba wedzerai vanofanira kubereka zviviri zvakasiyana voltage ukoshi. Kuti aite izvi, shandisa transformer chaiwo chakagadzirwa. Anofanira kunge windings matatu - Networking, yechipiri uye tertiary. Ekupedzisira maviri ichibudisa rakatumbuka voltage pamusoro 250-300 V uye 6.3 V, ukuwo. 6.3 - dura voltage pamusoro sepombi filaments. Uye kana iri, sezvo mutemo, hakurevi kurapwa, somuenzaniso, ari filtration uye rectification, kuti Volts AC 250 vanoda zvishoma chinja. Izvi zvaida kubatanidza gudzazwi redunhu kuti simba kunobva.

Kushandisa ichi rectifier mufurati, iro rinoumbwa zvina semiconductor diodes uye filters - Electrolytic capacitors. Diodes achitirega ruramisa rakatumbuka kuitika uye kuti zvachose. A capacitor ane inonakidza rutivi. Kana kutarira noenderana redunhu capacitors kuti AC uye DC (nomurayiro Kirchhoff raMwari), unogona kuona imwe chinhu. In mashandiro, kuti capacitor impedance anotsiviwa mune chenguva iyezvino matunhu.

Asi kana uchishanda muna AC wedunhu iri chikatsiviwa kondakita chidimbu. Nemamwe mashoko, kana kuiswa mune simba capacitor kubhengi uchawana yakachena DC voltage, vose shanduka zvinoriumba zvichapfuura nokuda pfupi-circuited zviteshi mu vakaenzana remudunhu.

Zvinodiwa kuti transformer

An ezvinhu chinokosha - kuvapo nhamba inodiwa windings kuti nerubatsiro anodes uye filament nezvitsvuku Mabumba. Zvichienderana iro dunhu anoshandisa simba gudzazwi kunoda yakasiyana voltage simba anopenya. Standard ukoshi - iri 6.3 V. Zvisinei, vamwe mwenje, akadai G-807, PG-50, vanoda voltage kuti 12,6 V. iyi zvinoomesa magadzirirwo uye anoita kushandisa guru kukura transformer.

Asi kana uchironga kuunganidza simba kungobva nomunwe marambi (6N2P, 6P14P, et unto.), The kudiwa zvakadaro simba wedzerai voltage haisi rinopenya. Nyatsoteerera kuti kukura - kana uchida kuunganidza chiduku gudzazwi, shandisa rimwe-coils transformers. Vane imwe drawback - hazvibviri kuwana yakakwirira chinzvimbo. Kana paine mubvunzo simba, zviri nani kushandisa transformers TS-180, TS-270.

Housing nokuti mano

For yakaderera-kakawanda amplifiers vari kushandiswa pokugara kubva aruminiyamu kana kwakakurudzira, kuungana radioelements kubereka hafu nzira. Zvakaipira kuungana mudziyo uri rakadhindwa redunhu pepuranga - nokuti muchidziisa rambi Nezvigadziko makumbo vanotanga delaminate kubva Makwara, izvozvo rinoparadzwa pokunamatidza. Kuzoonana, uye basa Ulf anova isina, pane dzimwe ruzha.

Kana ari pre-Danho gudzazwi redunhu rinoshandisirwa transistor, zviri kuchenjera kuita naro chiduku piece pcb - zvichava zvikuru rakavimbika. Asi kushandisa chemasanganiswa anoita simba zvinodiwa rayo. It dzinogona kurongwa nenzira yemapuranga nyaya kwenguva gitare Ulf. Asi mukati unofanira hwokugadza simbi chassis, izvo achaunganidzirwa mudziyo yose. Hazvina here kushandisa simbi casing, sezvo zvinova nyore dzokuongorora Cascades kubva mumwe, iyo anobvisa mukana anozvipira excitation nezvimwe chipingaidzo.

Chinja inzwi uye matauriro

nyore gudzazwi redunhu inogona vaisanganisa pamurayiro maviri - vhoriyamu uye matauriro. Wokutanga regulator akatasva zvakananga pamusoro Inlet pamusoro Ulf zvinoita kuchinja kukosha kuuya chiratidzo. Unogona kushandisa shanduka resistors chipi zvakagadzirwa kuti zvinoshanda zvakanaka muna Ulf. With matauriro kuzvidzora uyewo matambudziko havafaniri kuitika - a shanduka resistor vanobatanidzwa anode redunhu rokutanga pechikuva. Chete vanoda kuona umo mirayiridzo iri kutenderera anoitwa kuti kuwedzera RF, uye rei nokuda LF.

Zvinokurudzirwa kuita zvose nzira kubva maindasitiri amplifiers, zvikasadaro zvichava zvakaoma kushandisa magadzirirwo. Asi kungotadza matauriro kudzora redunhu, zviri kuchenjera hwokugadza chikwata duku, izvo ichachinja kakawanda mune siyana. Zvirongwa chubhu amplifiers ingasanganisira modules duku semiconductors - matauriro, yakaderera-zvichipfuura filters. Kana pasina chido kubereka matauriro-pachako, anogona kutenga muzvitoro. Mari matauriro akadaro chaizvo yakaderera.

redhiyo gudzazwi

Asi Ulf redhiyo Kuteera zvinofadza zvikuru pane monkey. Uye kuti kaviri nesimba - unofanira kuunganidza mumwe Ulf pamwe chete parameters. Somugumisiro, wawana maviri zvinoshandisa pakurima uye outputs sezvo vazhinji. Uye simba gudzazwi redunhu uye rokutanga nzendo kunge akafanana, zvikasadaro waivako achasiyana.

capacitors All uye resistors zvakafanana parameters - kubva zvinokosheswa variables uye tolerances. Dzinenge zvinodiwa kuti kurwisa kuchinja - zvinofanira kushandiswa akabatanidza magadzirirwo vhoriyamu kuzvidzora, uye matauriro. Pfungwa yokuti zviri zvakafanira kuitira kufanana mamiriro parameters izvi zvose makwara.

maitiro 2.1

Asi kuvandudza inzwi quality, unogona kuwedzera subwoofer kuti achanatsiridza rakadzika frequencies. Zvinonyatsorehwa gudzazwi kubatana redunhu haachinji, chete wechitatu nechigumbuso inowedzerwa. Kutaura zvazviri, unofanira kuva zvitatu zvachose kufanana apina amplifiers - mumwe kuruboshwe mugero, kurudyi, subwoofer.

Cherechedza kuti bhuku masimba pamusoro subwoofer akasiyana CFP. Izvi zvichaita kuti mune ramangwana kushandura fuma revarombo. Vachekerere "mamwe" maitikiro chinozoiswa pedyo nyore dunhu, izvo zvinosanganisira capacitors anoverengeka uye resistors. Asi iwe unogona kushandisa wakagadzirira-pasi-vanopfuura filters, izvo vanotengeswa chero chitoro redhiyo zvinoriumba.

mhedziso

Takurukura Zano chubhu amplifiers, anowanzoshandurwa akadzokorora hams avo mazano. Self-kugadzira navo pasi simba munhu anoziva sei kugadzirisa pokunamatidza simbi, uye michina mabhuku. Asi kana iwe usingagoni kusiyanisa pakati resistor uye condenser usaedza kudzidza chinhu, uye vanoda kuva gudzazwi, zvakanakisisa kubvunza tenzi ane ruzivo kuti VLF.