Skin Analyzer: mamiriro, mashandiro uye kukosha. ganda anatomi

Yakadaro pfungwa se "ganda analyzer", kwete vanhu vose vakasangana. Most vakajaira vanouti munhu mupfupi, anonyanya izwi. Ndiko, ganda. Asi, chokwadi, vose pfungwa zvinoreva kunzwisisa nhengo, ndiro chifukidzo wedu wokunze. Mumwe shoma mumuviri yedu, iyo inogona nyore kubatwa chero nguva. Adult kwevanhu ganda nzvimbo iri anenge 1.5 - 2.3 mativi mamita. A uremu pamwe Epiderme e (rokunze rukoko iri zvakadzama pamusoro) ndiyo 16-17% uremu. Zvisinei, izvi zvose zvinofanira kukuudzai zvakawanda.

Epiderme e

Chokutanga, kutaura yedebwe analyzer, zvakakodzera sei Epiderme e kutarisirwa. Ndiye wedu wejira rukoko. Asi kana kuri kutaura mutauro pachena. Kutaura zvazviri, Epiderme e - multilayered epithelium hwokurara. The gobvu ganda, iyo isina akazadza mvere, chinosanganisira sezvinobvumirwa 5 akaturikidzana. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ari kumusoro dermis. Uye vose zvavo aite mechidziro ishande.

An chinokosha caveat: asi Epiderme e ndiyo chaiyo kugara updating. Uye ichi chokuita chaizvo yokutama uye kuchinja vanonzi keratinocytes. Izvi - masero ose epithelial tishu. filaments dzavo dzinoturwa mapuroteni puroteni. Uyezve, zvinokoshawo kuziva kuti ari Epiderme e rine zvimwe zvinoumba dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri.

The nemamiriro Epiderme e

Anatomy of ganda zvikuru kunzwisisa. ari Epiderme e (imwe yenhengo dzayo) chete zvinosanganisira akaturikidzana shanu dzakasiyana. First - basal. Kana, sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi: achatungira. Chii chaizvo chakakosha kuziva pamusoro basal rukoko - ndechokuti rine Yaunoti melanosomes. Izvi rwe-melanin granules, izvo dzinotidzivirira matambudziko kubva UV mwaranzi.

The rukoko yechipiri inonzi spiny. Kunosanganisirawo foni gobvu, asi chinonyanya kukosha "zvidhinha" rinogona kunzi tonofibrillyarny midziyo. Ndicho chinoumba masero kudzivirirwa zvokuimba kukuvara.

Pane granular rukoko. 1-2 rinoumbwa dzakatevedzana masero elongated. Zvinonzi synthesized iyi rukoko uye filaggrin keratolinin (STRUCTURAL mapurotini). Ivo vanotsigira keratinization pamusoro epithelium. Izvi, Sezvineiwo, ndiyo yakaoma muitiro, kwamakadarika horny ganda mashoko anowana tinoberekwa elasticity yake uye simba.

The rukoko chechina rinozivikanwa tsiklovidny (kana kupenyerera). Mumasero ayo hapana organelles kana nuclei. Uye sokunge kwakajeka pinkish mutsetse. Izvi wakanaka rukoko abuda inotsika nemichindwe.

Uye vokupedzisira - horny. ganda ichi, ndiye rokudzivirira. masero mapenyu mairi regai. Chii hazvishamisi, nokuti inoumbwa keratinocytes akafa. Kana, sezvo vari kunzi, horny pachiyero. The papi rukoko urwu paukobvu, zvichienderana mutoro anokonzerwa pamusoro ganda.

dermis

Izvi - chinotevera chinhu kuti zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kufunga, kutaura ganda analyzer. Nokuti dermis ndiyo ganda chairo. Uye kuisa mumutauro sayenzi - the connective chikamu.

The dermis riri nechepazasi Epiderme e. Asi kwete zvakananga, vakabviswa pedyo basal membrane. Mupepa zvakawanda capillaries uye fibers, saka dermal wakapiwa kutsigira uye trophic mabasa. Iye, kufanana Epiderme e chinosanganisira anoverengeka akaturikidzana. Zvisinei, nemhaka vashomanana - kune vatatu chete.

The zvinoumba pakati dermis

Anatomy of ganda riri yakaoma chaizvo, asi unogona kurinzwisisa. matatu chete akaturikidzana, uye vokutanga kuti zvakakodzera - papillary. Nei vachadana nayo? Nokuti wokutanga rukoko chine "papillae" kuti zvinopfuura Epiderme e. Zvinosanganisira dzakawanda "yenhengo". Izvi zvinyama basophils, macrophages nezvimwe masero akawanda pave Implementation ari runodzivirira mashandiro redu rokuzvidzivirira.

The rukoko yechipiri inonzi pajira riya. Anoumba munhu gobvu fibrous connective tishu. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi - huru chikamu dermis. Zviri pajira riya rukoko rine zvakawanda collagen fibers zvinobatsira kuti pave rutsigiro ishande.

Wokupedzisira rukoko anonzi Epiderme e. Iye kunyange akadana subcutaneous mafuta tishu. It riri zvakananga pasi dermis. Uye, anogona kunzwisiswa se kubva zita, inoumbwa mafuta tishu. Zviri nokuda pasi ganda anovaka mvura uye zvokudya. Mukuwedzera, hypodermis anobatsira thermoregulation.

Basa: dziviriro uye yokuzvinatsa

Saka, chii chiri ganda analyzer yakajeka. Zvino zvinoita uchatamisa pachiitwa mitambo yayo.

Chokutanga - rwokudzivirira. Sezvambotaurwa, Epiderme e kubva zvakananga simba kwezvakatipoteredza anochengetedza tsinga, nyama, uye nemidziyo. The ganda rine mumasero sebaceous. hurongwa hwavo 300 000. Uye mumwedzi ivo musunungure avhareji 500-800 magiramu mafuta. It kugonyesa pemvura ganda, achidzivirira saka kubva kurapa siyana.

Mashandiro rechipiri - kucheneswa. Skin vanowanzoda secrete ziya. Saka anosunungura muviri ane muviri kuti kwakakanganisa zvinhu hunosumwa mishonga kana zvokudya mukati. Sezvineiwo, ganda anenge mamiriyoni 2 ziya mumasero.

Regulation, vachidya uye kufema

It - uyewo ganda analyzer mashandiro kuti dzinozivikanwa kuva core.

Naizvozvo mutemo. Skin ropa kure apo tembiricha kunze riri pazasi kuti izvo yaingowanikwa muviri. Rine vanetsane iri pakatarisana nyaya. Kana tembiricha ambient chaizvo, kuti cutaneous tsandanyama vakasununguka, kuitira kuti midziyo dilate uye kupisa kunyatsoshanda iri yakawedzera muviri. Blood kuyerera zvakare nokukurumidza. Somugumisiro - kunyanya vangadikitira.

Achiita simba basa anokonzerawo zvikamu ganda analyzer. Zviri kuburikidza kavha yedu kupinda mumuviri, mhuka uye muriwo kwemafuta. Solutions uye mumakenduru vari kunyura nokuda kwavo chaiyo marongerwo. Ndosaka izvi nevasori zvizorwa kazhinji vanonzi "muviri".

Respiratoria basa, pfungwa, kunoratidzwa chete unhu. Nokuda porous nemamiriro chapamusoro kubudikidza ganda iri dzinounzwa 2% carbon dioxide. Zvirokwazvo kwete vose vanoziva kuti mumaawa 24 Matafura edu kufukidza vanenge 800 magiramu mvura mhute!

Neural kwokubatana

Pamusoro zvakanga zvakawanda pamusoro pane ganda kwevanhu. The Chimiro yayo mashandiro vari kufarira. Uye munhu haagoni asi kukanganisa pfungwa nyaya tsinga, iro "goko" yedu Anotsiva vakapakata.

Kuisa mumutauro nyore, ganda - iri munda mukuru, Dziine receptors. Vari kuramba, ose wechipiri, kuona mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira dzakasiyana hunhu richibva zvemukati uye kwokunze ezvinhu.

Tsinga fibers uye kuvhara (zvose encapsulated uye vakasununguka) - ichi ndicho More hunosanganisira ganda kwevanhu. Chimiro chavo chaiyo mabasa. Tsinga riri Epiderme e dermis. The hypodermis vari dzinenge ikoko. Mariri chete pinda tsinga hunde dzacho nokuumba plexus ipapo, iro fibers Voda kupinda dermis. Kubva ipapo - kusvikira bvudzi follicles, tsandanyama, tsinga uye ziya mumasero.

The tsinga harinzwi vane mazita avo. Somuenzaniso, nemhaka mumidziyo Krause ganda anonzwa chando. A Meissner corpuscles pave maonero havambozivi. Nokuda Ruffini corpuscles tinonzwa kudziya. List kunogona refu. Asi zvinofadza zvikuru ndechokuti rimwe mativi sendimita ganda nezvokuvandudzika anenge 200 marwadzo, kupisa 2, 12 uye 20 chando tactile receptors.

ropa

Sezvingatarisirwa, sechivako ganda analyzer ine chaizvo features, nemhaka iyo kweropa.

Saka, muna hypodermis, kuwedzera tsinga fibers uye harinzwi midziyo guru. Pane kunyange tsinga. Zvakatanga kubva anonzi arterial network, iri chete pamusoro fascia. I kutaura nezvavo pakutanga.

Kubva ipapo, ari arterial mambure kunosvika mberi - mu zvakadzamisisa zvikamu reticular rukoko. Uye kubva ipapo - zvinosvika papillary.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ganda akaturikidzana haisi chete capillaries uye venules, uye arterioles, uye zvakawanda. Ndiani vaivapowo zvakananga mutemo systemic vascular nemishonga (zvachose peripheral vascular nemishonga). Arteriolar matauriro kunokosha chaizvo. Pashure zvinobva peripheral nemishonga, iyo anosarudza neBP nawo. Hekuno hunhu ganda analyzer. Zvisinei, hazvishamisi. Pashure pezvose, tiri kutaura pamusoro chete, muviri wose, umo zvachose zvose interconnected.

utetsa

dingindira Izvi zvakare kucherechedza pfungwa. Pane kudaro chinhu sechinhu ganda-tsandanyama wanda. mavambo Its hwakajeka. Pashure pezvose, kazhinji musi tsandanyama sei pamwoyo kare kuti ganda. Somuenzaniso, imwe masaja.

Asi chinokosha ganda wanda. It rinoumbwa analyzers siyana. The pfungwa kubata Somuenzaniso - chinhu chisinganzwisisiki kunzwa iyo unovapo nokunzwa nyaya. Tactile nezvekufadza zvinoita basa rinokosha pano. Analyzers, muchinzwisisa kumanikidzwa uye kubata, tipei ruzivo pamusoro chinhu arambe achirema, ayo chimiro, tembiricha, ezvinhu, kukura, uye zvakawanda. Kunyanya receptors vazhinji pfungwa nyore dzavo. Zviri kwavari rinotanga "nzira" mashoko anonongedzera chakasvitswa muuropi.

patsva

Zviri nezvezvikwata zviviri. Wokutanga ainzi vasiri. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika, dzinongoitika muitiro kuti kunosanganisira sero kuvandudzwa. chiitiko Its kunobva zvokudya, utano uye kutapata hwevanhu. Izviwo, kukanganisa chimiro uye ganda kweuduku.

A reparative patsva zvinoreva pabutiro kudzorerwa pashure zvokuimba kukuvara. Pashure pokuvhiyiwa, somuenzaniso. Zvichiitika inonakidza zvikuru. First chokutambudzika kuzvimba kunoitika - akarega ropa, kuzvimba kunoitika, chinokutsimbirirai tsinga nokuwondisa. Zvadaro, kuwanda kunotanga. The ronda izere capillaries uye connective zvinyama - nokudaro collagen. Wokupedzisira danho kunosanganisira paumbwe vanga. It rinopedzisa muitiro rokuzadza nzvimbo kukundwa epithelial tishu.

Vamwe mavanga zvinogona anogadzirwa gore negore. Uye regai ganda hwokuratidza patsva, pasina zvikasawanirwa kukuvara musapfuura. Nekuti kwaari anofanira kubatwa zvakanaka.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Vanofanira kupedzisa nyaya kuti iri ganda-chetsandanyama wanda (nemamiriro yacho analyzer yayo basa, isuwo aongorora). Zvechokwadi, vamwe dzinonakidza zvinhu, uye kuti chimwe zvacho chinokosha:

• Zvakaoma kufungidzira pamusoro yose ganda redu iri vanenge mamiriyoni mashanu vhudzi!
• Ari mukuru ganda dzevanhu 60% ine unyoro. Vana - kusvika 90% (asi ichi ndicho vaifanira).
• Per Square sendimita ganda weveta 100 ipapo.
• On avhareji pabutiro rinosvika 1-2 millimeters mu ukobvu.
• Ndiyo ine ganda panotsika. Most dzakaonda uye yakajeka - pamusoro namafungiro.
• Muupenyu hwake hwose, vanenge 18 makirogiramu ganda rakaoma kuchatsiviwa itsva.

Zvakanaka, unogona kuudza zvakawanda zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza pamusoro pechifukidziro yedu, ayo mamiriro uye yakananga zvinhu. Asi chikuru anatomi ari urongwa pamusoro apa, uye zvinobatsira kurangarira vose, nokuti wenyaya kutinetsa zvose zvakananga.