Squatters - ndiani zvakadai?

Avo kugutsikana chokwadi okuti "imba yangu - nhare yangu", vachashamiswa chaizvo kudzidza kuti izvi handizvo zvinoitika nguva dzose. Rangarira nyaya yacho gava netsuro, apo nemhizha munyengeri nhinhi akatora shamwari yake dumba oblique? Ngano nhema, saka ruvhevhe ... mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, apo, pashure pokusiya imba yake kuti vaviri maawa, kuti anomutorera kwenguva refu, kana kwete nokusingaperi, dzimwe nguva zvinoitika muupenyu chaihwo.

Ndivanaani squatters?

Squatters - vanhu vabate kwakavakirwa vamwe vanhu (kazhinji chinhu, asi kazhinji akagadzirisa) vakagara navo kumba kwako, kugara imba, imwe yacho nokuda zviitiko siyana, etc ...

The chikuru upenyu musimboti matangwena: "Sei muripo rendi kana iwe unogona kuwana pasina." Squatting sezvo kutanga kare yakawanda kwemakore, uye kunyange mumazana emakore, asi mukanyiwa akawana muzana remakore rechi20, achiva mugumisiro nokumukirana, Kuratidzira, hondo, njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga uye overpopulation panyika. Wakaomesesa squatting kwakazara munyika umo pekugara imari nakisisa, asi mitemo regai zvinoda kurangwa zvakasimba nokuda squatting imba kana mufurati. Izvi akanakira 'maberekero "squatters muchadenga kwakasimbiswa, kunyanya UK.

Nhoroondo squatting

Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanoti squatters - vanhu vokutanga akazivisa pacharo muzana remakore rechi14, mushure murimi mudiki yemuna muna 1381 mu England. Kuramba somugumisiro pogroms pekugara munhu akabatwa yokumwe zvivako uye vakagaramo nokusingaperi.

Nyaya yokutanga squatters akaramba DIGGERS muzana remakore rechi17 (munguva iri Chirungu Bourgeois chimurenga). Naivowo, vaiva vanhuwo zvavo, asi akaita kuvinga Pfungwa nezvikonzero, muchitenda kuti nyika haingayananisirwi voga anazvo, asi hunofanira kukudziridzwa uye nevakabva makanzuru. DIGGERS akadana ideologists pamusoro skovottinga ano, vamiririri iyo kuvhara chaiyo mararamiro ichi.

Maruva Fani chinoita makore 60 remakore rechi20, apo vapfumi vanhu vane kakawanda Real Estate, kurendesa navo mari yakawanda, uye zvose izvi tikafunga kusachengeteka kukuru kuperevedza dzimba. akanga ari maguta Western Europe chinhu nezvivako zvakawanda hwokusanyara, uto pokugara vakava vazhinji.

Vamwe mauto enyika akadana UK kunyange akagadzirisa squatting, muchirega vanhu pokugara kwenguva kugara dzinogarwa kwakavakirwa, asi kuedza izvi zvakanga zvisina kubudirira.

Kazhinji squatting aiva pfungwa uye enyika hunhu, kana vavengi nyika yaivapo vakasika Tauriranai uye kunyange akazivisa kwavo rusununguko.

Squatting ari UK: nhoroondo

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vakawanda vari UK squatting. Saka ane nhoroondo, uye dzepamutemo yechinangwa nyika yakanaka avo vanoda kutora womumwe "dumba."

London - rimwe remaguta zvikuru zvinodhura munyika, uye havasi vose vanogona kutenga imba mariri. Panguva iyoyowo, maererano evanhu, chete nechepakati chikamu guru British, kune vanopfuura zviuru masere dzimba chinhu. In Vestministere pamusoro nehafu zviuru zvitatu uye, uye pamusoro chete - pa Bishop Avenue.

Kana wokupedzisira munzvimbo idzi, zviri zvakafanana Moscow Rubles. Mumugwagwa billionaires ndivo kupfuura dzakaisvonaka dzimba, kazhinji chinhu. Kazhinji vanopinda navatorwa akadonhedzwa ake London mufurati chete nguva, uye kuti chokwadi, nenzvimbo iri vasina akavatarisa KUKWEZVWA kuti squatters. Misha yakawanda Bishop Avenue vari kubatikana nevamiririri rwokufamba ichi. Uye varidzi zhinji vanoziva izvi. Zvakare, havapindiri, uye kunyange kufara kuti kwavo pfuma munhu ari kuona.

Mutemo - kubatsira

Saka, chii chinoita mutemo British unobvumira squatters kunzwa kwose kwose pamba?

Chekutanga, kubvira yeMiddle Ages, dzemo kwemitemo vakuru havana kodzero kuputsa vhura musuo kumedura mumba munhu. Uye muna 1977, mutemo uyu kwave dzinowedzerwa mutemo mutsva, maererano iyo mapurisa haagoni kupinda mumba, kana kuzvirega zvichikanganisa mumwe ndiani.

Chechipiri, kuEngland uye Wales (kusafanana Scotland uye Ireland), kusvikira ichangopfuura, zvisiri pamutemo basa rokuvaka hakunganzi mhosva, uye yaiva nyaya mutemo yevagari. Kureva kuti, squatters anogona Musatya chirango chakakomba. Uye chete ikozvino, pashure akatevedzana soro-Profile zviitiko, mamiriro ezvinhu akachinja nokuti squatting unogona kuwana mwedzi mitanhatu mujeri.

Chechitatu, leases ose kwakavakirwa muEngland akasarudza kupinda zvose kunyora uye nomuromo. Naizvozvo, zvakaoma chaizvo kunzwisisa mapurisa, zvisiri pamutemo akagadzirisa vanhu mukamuri kana chibvumirano pamwe muridzi.

Zvakanaka uye Chechina, maererano nomutemo Chirungu kuti dzinga munhu kubva kwakavakirwa zvinogona chete kuva kuburikidza kumatare. Asi litigation anogona kugara kwenguva refu, uye panguva ino matangwena zvose achatora imba womumwe, uye muridzi kugogodza pamusoro. Uye yakareba munhu akararama imwe nzvimbo, kuoma kuti dzinga. Saka ngationei vanoti, pashure pamusoro kugara okupedzisira kamuri nemaviri anova enzvimbo munhu, zvinonzi ndakabatikana, kunyange kana zvisiri pamutemo. Kana kudzingwa, kana muridzi inogarwa redzimba munyika chete, unogona kuita pasina dare - mapurisa vanobvumirwa kutyaira matangwena. Asi kazhinji zvokuita hapana mhanya.

Ndiani Anoenda kuna squatters?

Vanhu vakawanda vanofunga kuti squatters - a hazvina ushamwari chaizvo zvinhu (muropa nezvinodhaka, zvidhakwa, kuti misha). maonero Izvi ndakanganisa. The squatters 'kufamba nguva dzose chaizvoizvo akazara vamiririri nemagariro uye enyika vepamusoro: vemifananidzo, vanyori, vaimbi, voruzhinji, vezvematongerwe enyika, kuipandukira nevamwe vanhu mberi vane mararamiro ranga risinganyatsoenderani pachena zveupfumi. Kunyange zvazvo, Chokwadi, mumwe chikamu vemo asocial pakati squatters iripo.

typology pamusoro squatters

Nyanzvi kubva Netherlands Hans Pret aiva squatters kupatsanura, unogovera vave nezvemarudzi shanu:

1. Kudzosera - vanhu vakarasikirwa nemisha yavo uye nokudaro infringing pamusoro chemumwe munhu. Pakati vamiririri - rokushanda kirasi, vatama, aimbova-vasungwa, pokugara, nezvimwewo ...
2. Political squatters - vari masangano kuti vari kushandisa nzvimbo (kazhinji mamiriro kana matunhu neminisiparati), zviito zvavo vari kuedza kuwana ruzhinji pfungwa zvimwe dambudziko.
3. Media rakazvimirira pekugara nzira - vagari vanodavira kuti dzimba havafaniri kuva chinhu, kana vanhu vazhinji saka kubatsirwa, uye chinofanira kuva hurumende kuti nzvimbo. Inotsvaka, achiita squatting.
4. Socio-tsika kwakavakirwa squatters kuzomubata kuti asike maari chero pfungwa (zvokunamata, zvemagariro, tsika).
5. Conservation squatters akabata chivakwa nechinangwa yokudzivirirwa kuparadzwa kwaro.

Pakurwisa squatters uye nokuvabatsira

Mukuwedzera zvemitemo uye mamwe matanho ari kutorwa mukurwisa squatters. Somuenzaniso, pane makambani chaiyo vanochengeta ziso chivakwa risina chinhu, uye ndiani muvarege rendi mari yakaderera. Pakati huru mitoro makambani akadaro - hwokuchengetedza imba kana mufurati kubva kupinda squatters.

Ukuwo, pane masangano anopa rubatsiro kune ekupedzisira. Mumwe wavo kunyange kubudiswa "Pocket Guide matangwena", iro rinotaura sei kuwana nzvimbo uye dzinovabata navo.

Pane squatters muRussia

Squatting sezvo kutanga akaratidza pacharo uye mune yaimbova Soviet Union. Okutanga zviitiko nepfari pakati kwakavakirwa kwakaitika makore perestroika, apo hurumende kudzora mabhora ose oupenyu simba, magariro bhora akatanga chiwondomoke, uye dzimba zhinji vakanga nherera. Muno vasiri dzinogarwa kwakavakirwa uye aigona kupinda yepamusoro vechidiki, kudzidza ekare (kazhinji chakasakara) dzimba mutsika, spas, mamiziyamu, mumaraibhurari, kindergartens uye zvichingodaro. E., kwakakodzera navo pasi nenyanzvi Studios kana edzesero makamuri zvisungo. Asi zvematongerwo enyika uye kumanikidzwa squatting muRussia uye Kishi nyika haina kunyanya kubatwa pamusoro.

The yakakurumbira squat vaiona "Vana Garden" Moscow uye Center of Petliura, uye St. Petersburg squats pana Pushkin, 10, uye Vladimirsky Prospekt.

Yakakurumbira squats nyika

Kunyange vaidavira kuti nzvimbo yechizvarirwo kuti squatting - United Kingdom, asi vakaenda kure pakunogumira, uye dzimwe communes kuti "vemarudzi" akasiyana kunyange akava kunozivikanwa.

The kupfuura inozivikanwa munyika vari squats Somuenzaniso:

• Association chokuzvisarudzira Artists "Tacheles" muBerlin, izvo aripo kubva pakutanga 90s kusvikira 2012.
• Tauriranai vapoteri, vakagara aimbova hwokusanyara Hotel Grande Hotel muMozambique. squat mikova akazaruka kubva manonwe kuti nhasi vose.
• Rivoli muParis - Bank chivakwa akashongedzerwa ne vemifananidzo okudhindira uye ane pashoo yacho.
• Inogona Masdeu muBarcelona - mukamuri, kamwe kushandiswa ine kunochengeterwa vane maperembudzi zvino inogarwa vateveri mararamiro utano, akaidza chimedu musha pano muguta.

Sezvaunogona kuona, squatting - haisi nguva dzose zvakaipa chinoshamisa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kana kwete audacity kuti "nechisimba", akasiya dzimba vaizodzorerwa akatongerwa kuparadzwa uye mberi mauto - pamusoro pokugara.