Symmetry mhando

Pfungwa nyika symmetry vakaratidza mamwe nyanzvi yekare Greece, China neIndia. Wandei kufarira symmetry munguva dzazvino nokuti kuti rinomiririra panguva sayenzi kwetunhu redzidziso zhinji dzesayenzi, vaiita zvakasiyana, izvo zvakabatanidzwa mune imwe kupindirana uye coherent mufananidzo wenyika.

The symmetry nemasayendisiti akawanda anotaura izvi zvikuru unhu kuva sezvo nguva, nzvimbo, kufamba. Mhando symmetry kunogona kuva: chidhina; geometry; simba. Symmetry kungaratidzwa kusashanduka (invariant).

Symmetry mu Physics kunoratidzwa kwete chete muchimiro nyore (geometric) symmetry, asiwo chaizvo kunzwisisa, saka vainzi simba symmetry, i.e. avo dzisina chokuita spatio-epanyama correlations, uye nezvirwere akasiyana mukukurukurirana.

Mukuona nepakati pakati penhindi yose kurongeka uye sezvakarayirwa zvinetso zvakadaro zvinogona tsunga anotevera symmetries: symmetry; asymmetry; dissymmetry; antisymmetry; supersymmetry.

Asymmetry - kusava symmetry. Chaizvoizvo, pane asina Mhedziso symmetry uye asymmetry. Izvi mhandu nguva dzose yokukakavadzniswa kubatana uye vagare. Panguva dzakasiyana nzendo shanduka kwenyaya chitonge symmetry, iyo asymmetry, asi nguva dzose maitiro aya maviri varipo somunhu yokukakavadzniswa kupikisana uye kubatana.

Dissymmetry - ndiko kushaya zvivako vamwe zvinhu symmetry. Maererano Pasteur, dissymmetric anganzi munhu akadaro kuti hazvigoni pamwe chete nokuiswa segirazi mufananidzo. Padanho symmetry ari chinhu kunogona pamadiro huru.

Antisymmetry - kunopesana symmetry. Rinobatanidzwa ne shanduko chiratidzo: a PARTICIPLE - antiparticle, pamwe - kubvisa, chena - black, compression - kunetsana uye zvichingodaro.

Mumakore okupedzisira remakore rechimakumi maviri rakanga akakurukura pfungwa supersymmetry, dzataurwa nokuda mathematicians Russian Gelfand uye Lichtmann. pfungwa dzavo kwakanga sezvinotevera: In nharaunda yedu, pane zvatinosiita divi, saka, pangava pamusoro-divi, akayera munyika dzinonzi Grassmann zvinove zvikuru kujairika. Somuenzaniso, muna edu senguva pamasvomhu sere kane pfumbamwe achava akafanana kana takaberekana mapfumbamwe nemasere. In masvomhu, Grassman "munhu" kane "c" richava kubvisa "mu" kane "munhu". Izvi presupposes kuvapo kwemasvomhu zvetsika nedzimwe "antiworlds" symmetric.

Mhando symmetry anogona kunzi vanonzi symmetry kushandiswa. Govera akavhiyiwa akadai kupangidza ndege; majana pamusoro akabatana; zvinoratidzwa pakati; sikuruwa majana, uye vamwe.

Bilateral symmetry zviri zvikuru hunomirirwa zvipenyu. Mumwe muenzaniso symmetry iri rakanaka uye kusimba zvakaoma mapatani mu shavishavi mapapiro.

Bilateral symmetry akasimuka chokuita zvinodiwa nomuviri kufamba ari nzvimbo maererano zvakananga zvinangwa. It achinyanya zvakakanganisa nhengo inofamba: makumbo madandaude, crustaceans, amphibians, tumbuyu, mhuka, nezvinokambaira, mapapiro zviremwaremwa uye shiri, zvimbi mu lampreys, Squid, zvisimbiso, hove, Dolphins uye hove huru.

Miviri kuti kudzora kufamba, tsinga womunhu uye mhuka, zvakare, vane zvakafanana symmetry. Zviri pachena, zviri nyore kuti dzinotarisira makumbo, mapapiro kana zvimbi kuti vachishingaira famba muchadenga pasina colliding pamwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kuramba pakuenzanisa muviri, kuti vaite chaiwo kumhara uye kuti mamwe masangano.

Saka, zvatakurukura dzimwe mhando symmetry.