The Organization American States (OAS)

The Kudeuka Masangano dzakawanda ikozvino bvumidzwa kuti patsanura ari OAS. Association, yainzi Organization American States, ane zvakajeka zvinangwa uye nenheyo dzavo mabasa, rakabvumira Charter, munhu mapazi marongerwo uye anoyevedza uwandu Member States. chinangwa chedu ndechokuti kuzivana zvakadzama pamwe apa.

Chii OAS

Sangano American States (Eng. Sangano American inoti, ja. Sangano of États américains, Spanish. Organización a de los Etats americanos, pachiteshi. Organização kaksi Estados Americanos), OAS (OAS) kunzi dzakawanda pamwe rinoti, yakaumbwa muna 1948 pa 9 fung Inter-American musangano iri weColombia muguta Bogota. Ake chawo chaiva Pan American Union (1889) - Advisory kushamwaridzana zvinoverengeka American inoti.

Senzira OAS 35 (33 pari) nhengo nyika. Four kushanda mitauro - Chirungu, Portuguese, Spanish uye French. The kuronga mutumbi sangano - riri Assembly General. hofisi Head kushamwaridzana iri kuUnited States - Washington.

Education Organization American States. OAS: History

OAS ari chimiro Pan American Union yakatanga basa rayo muna 1889 - the First International American Conference, yakaitirwa Washington. Zvakange akabva agadzira hwaro nemasangano ayo uye nemirau anzverwa kubudikidza nheyo nokuwadzana. Gore pokugadzwa Organization American States anonzi kuva 1948 - gore kusaina vayo Charter. Kutaura zvazviri, iye pamwe 1951

Nokuti vazhinji nhengo inoti yakanga dzinoratidzwa muitiro kubatana OAS pakarepo pamusoro chionekeso kana reconquest kuti rusununguko. Anosiyiwa vaiva Canada (1990) uye Guyana (1991) Chechipiri chaiva chokupedzisira nyika pavakapinda mune American Union nhasi.

Kusvikira 1962, Cuba kwainzi azere nhengo OAS, asi pashure kusarudza ayo nzira gutsaruzhinji, General Assembly, kuti tibu- yakachengeteka nhengo dzayo asarudza haabatanidzi State pakati penhengo dzayo. The Organization American States vari aisungirwa nhengo dzayo kuti dimbura zvose nedzenyu ukama Cuba, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vavo akavhotera naro. Chete 3 July 2009 kuturika wenyika chikamu venyika ino iri OAS yave akadzima, asi hurumende Cuban haana kumhanyira kuita sarudzo adzoke Union.

Muna 1971 kwakasarudzwa kuzozivisa nesangano OAS vacherechedzi. Muna 2015, chinzvimbo ichi vave munyika 70, kusanganisira Russian Federation. Pari simba uye nzvimbo Organization American States yekudyidzana vakashaisa evasingatombonamati Latin pamwe American pasina United States - UNASUR (Union of South American Nations), CELAC (Community of Latin America uye Caribbean States).

Muna April 2017 Mutungamiri Venezuela Nicolas Maduro kuna General Secretariat of OAS tsamba iyo akati kuti hurumende yake pakarepo kubuda Union.

Kutora nyika kusanganisa

Saka, ndiani chikamu Organization American States:

• US;
• Dominica;
• Peru;
• Uruguay;
• Barbados;
• Honduras;
• Antigua uye Barbuda;
• Mexico;
• El Salvador;
• Paraguay;
• Guyana;
• Trinidad, Tobago;
• Saint Lucia;
• Colombia;
• Nicaragua;
• Bolivia;
• Suriname;
• Panama;
• Chile;
• St. Vincent, ivo Grenadines;
• Costa Rica;
• Dominican Republic;
• Guatemala;
• St. Kitts, Nevis;
• Bahamas;
• Argentina;
• Belize;
• Canada;
• Ecuador;
• Grenada;
• Mexico;
• Brazil;
• Jamaica.

Pakuvamba muna Union sezvo kuwanda Cuba uye Venezuela.

OAS zvinangwa

Zvinangwa Organization American States, pahwaro of Charter, zvinotevera:

• Kusimbisa rugare nokuchengeteka maviri mumakondinendi American.
• Pokutanga kuchengetwa nheyo asiri kupindira, nokusimbaradza iri kubatanidzwa nyika mumiririri democratic hurumende.
• Batsirawo kune rugare kugarwa munyaya pakati nhengo nyika, uyewo kudzivisa zvinobvira anoitika achikura.
• Join mauto ari chiitiko nechitarisiko kurwisa.
• Batsirawo nezvokugadzirisa zvimwe zvinetso pokuita nyika - zvoupfumi, zvemagariro, nomutemo.
• Batsirawo Kuti zvinonakisa munzanga, tsika uye zvoupfumi.
• Ita mirayiridzo yaro kukura, vakaomerwa uwandu zvombo, regai zvose zvinhu kuti zveupfumi kukura.

Dzinokosha yemabasa Union raMwari

Pakusikwa Organization American States achireva kunyatsotevedza nhengo dzayo zvinotaurwa:

• Normal kusakarongeka pakati vechikamu ndiwo mutemo dzakawanda.
• Ukama pakati pokuita nyika hunovakirwa kuremekedza kodzero uchangamire States uye unhu vemunyika dzavo, uyewo pahwaro kunyatsotevedza kuti ushandiswe dzakawanda zvibvumirano mitoro.
• Relations pakati OAS mapato kuva mazano kutenda zvakanaka uye pakuvimbana.
• Mumwe State Party sezvo chinangwa chayo chikuru ndiko kusarudza mudziyo inobudirira mumiririri hweruzhinji.
• Kutsigira OAS nyika inobva mazano vasiri chipingaidzo mune nemumwe policies, rusununguko kubva ehurumende hurongwa.
• Kutora nyika vanopikisa hondo yaiparadza.
• Kenya mumwe nhengo mamiriro ichaongororwa sezvo utsinye pamusoro yose OAS.
• kusawirirana All pakati mapato zvinofanira kugadziriswa chete pachishandiswa murunyararo.
• pamwe Economic vanofanira kutungamirira mukuru zvinakire vagari Member States.
• Hwaro hwenyika vari munzanga kuchengeteka uye kururamisira.
• Personal kodzero vagari vose vakaenzana - zvisinei munhui ravo, rudzi uye zera.
• Kubatana mumudzimu OAS nyika iri kwakavakirwa rusarura Mutsika emarudzi mumwe, kudzingirirana yakakwirira nevatambi nemagariro evanhu.
• Basa nemasangano dzidzo of OAS inoti zvinofanira inobva kusimudzira nyika rugare, rusununguko uye kuenzana.

OAS mamiriro

The Organization American States (OAS) anoita zvinangwa zvayo zvinotevera akanyatsorongwa zviremera:

• The General Assembly;
• vanobva uye Advisory muviri Foreign Affairs Vashumiri States Mapato;
• Tips;
• Inter-American Committee iri Legal Affairs;
• Special Inter-American Commission on Human Rights;
• The General Secretariat;
• Masangano kushandiswa uye Misangano.

Possible kusikwa kweimwe nenyaya kutsigira masangano uye miviri.

Sangano American States Charter

The OAS Charter rakazoshandiswa 30.04.1948 muna Bogota (Colombia). Inoitwa 3 zvikamu, zvitsauko 23 uye 151 nyaya. Chimiro wayo sezvinotevera:

• Part 1:
  • Hunhu magwaro akarongwa chikuru zvinangwa zvesangano.
  • OAS dzemitemo.
  • Mbuva chokuita nhengo dzesangano.
  • Kuziviswa pfungwa "nzwisisika kukura" iri gadziriro yacho Union State.
• Part 2:
  • The nemamiriro sangano.
  • Zvatinopiwa of General Assembly.
  • Misimboti vanobva musangano Vashumiri Interior.
  • Tips dzesangano; mukuru zvokudya; nyaya, kunzwisisa basa Permanent Council.
  • The Inter-American Social and Economic Council.
  • Board of Education, Science uye Culture.
  • The Legal Committee of Organization American States.
  • Commission on Human Rights.
  • General Secretariat.
  • Articles on unyanzvi Misangano.
  • Dzinokosha unyanzvi masangano.
• Part 3:
  • Various zvokudya racho.
  • Ratification uye refu.
  • Kuchinjwa pfupi zvokudya.

Ngationgororei anokosha zvokudya chesungano zvizere.

Pamusoro General Assembly

The mukuru dare mutumbi Organization American States kuzivikanwa General Assembly. It anoita mukati nemamiriro dzinoverengeka zvinokosha mabasa:

• Rinotsanangura zvakajairika vectors yemabasa uye mitemo yose yezvinhu.
• Rinotaura pamashoko ose ukama pakati penhengo.
• Rinoronga mabasa omurume miviri zvose nemasangano.
• Kuti usimbise uye kukudziridza pamwe chete UN.
• Zvinoshingaira kutsigira pamwe nemamwe masangano munyika magariro, upfumi uye dzetsika, achipa kupfuura mibatanidzwa zvakafanana zvinangwa.
• Hunotendera chirongwa bhajeti iri Organization American States, anogadza kukura kota zvevanhu.
• Inzwai zvose wegore mishumo uye zvinyorwa kudzorwa nemasimba nemasangano.
• Adopts vakawanda mitemo kuti vari vachimhanya General Secretariat.
• Zvinotora mirayiro yayo yose uye 2/3 pamusoro wenyaya.

Absolutely OAS zvose nyika anomiririrwa muna General Assembly; Munhu wese ane kodzero vhoti imwe chete. kanzuru mukuru uyu asangana ose gore muguta, iro anosarudzwa maererano nheyo alternation. zvisarudzo zvose aifarirwa vakawanda mavhoti. Kunze - zvirongwa zvaitaurwa muna Charter, nokuti kuitwa zvinofanira 2/3 "nokuda".

Pamusoro OAS Member States

Heano rinonyatsooneka zvokudya nhengo inoti ari Organization American States:

• Pasuo Association yakazarukira nyika kana mubatanidzwa kunyika kubvuma zvose nokubatira ari Charter uye tsigira nayo chero American.
• Decision iri kuitwa nhengo itsva kunotemwa neboka nekuvhota kwe rese - nokuti zvakanaka mutongo kunokosha 2/3 ruzhinji.
• nhengo dzose OAS rinoti vane kuenzana kwekodzero mabasa.
• Mumwe nomumwe vechikamu harifaniri kungogumira pachena nzira pave ayo ezvematongerwo enyika, zvoupfumi uye nemagariro upenyu.
• Hapana nhengo anekodzero, kunyange zvisina kunanga, kupindira munyaya dzomunyika nomumwe ehurumende.
• Nharaunda yoga Member State achava inviolable.
• kusawirirana All inofanira kugadziriswa chete pachishandiswa murunyararo - iri kuyananisa, conciliation, yakananga Nhaurirano, kumatare, etc ...
• Kana kuvimbika uye kuvimbika mumwe kana kupfuura States Mapato kuputsika, dzimwe nhengo OAS wakamuka wake / uchangamire hwavo.

Kuziviswa pfungwa "nzwisisika kukura" iri gadziriro iri OAS

Nzwisisika kukura nhengo Organization American States (OAS), waiti kwaro Charter, zvinoreva zvinotevera:

• The Kugara kuwedzera GDP, ari kururama kugovera mari yenyika, zvakakwana mutero gadziriro, mazuvaano zvokurima, hwega mutengo pamwero, kwete chete Gospels / N, okusuma mberi ano mukurapa, pakusikwa dzakatsarukana mararamiro nokuda kwevanhu, uye zvichingodaro. D.
• Kupa mukana kune misika munyika kumatunhu avo, nokusika wakakodzera mamiriro nokuda kwemamiriro dzakawanda dzebhizimisi zvibvumirano, kuwedzera ekisipoti mikana, uye zvichingodaro. D.
• Kuremekedza kodzero vemo, achivapa upfumi pakusimba, zvemagariro kuchengeteka, rusununguko kukura pakunamata; kusikwa pamutemo hurongwa inodzivirira kodzero ose mugari, pasina chaakasiya; pokugadzwa wezvokutengeserana mibatanidzwa; yezvisikwa nesekondari, uye vakasununguka kuwana yakakwirira uye t. d.

The OAS mumwe mukuru shamwari American dzakawanda. The sangano rinounza pamwechete nhasi kunyika 33, ane mapazi chimiro, pachake mutemo wayo nezvinangwa zvakajeka uye nenheyo.