The Valdai National Park: Description

nyika Russian akapfuma munzvimbo yakanaka uye nemamwe nharaunda. Zvichida, uye upenyu hazvina kukwana kuona zvose yavo nemaziso. Lake-dondo zvakaoma pamusoro Valdai Hills rwakaponeswa chokuti panguva pakuguma Valdai National Park rakarongwa nenzira XX remakore pano.

nyaya

Chii saka nemamwe munharaunda iyi? Pane akawandisa tsika uye nhoroondo Zvivako zviri Novgorod nharaunda. Munguva dzekare, madzinza necheSalvic vaigara munharaunda paki. Kuwanda matongo nzvimbo kuti zvakachengetedzwa munzvimbo iyi kunoshamisa - masere-vaviri chinhu! Izvi yokugara uye kuvigwa pazvikomo, zvikomo nemisha, uyewo vekare nzvimbo chokuita 7-6 emakore BC.

Gardening iwe chinomiririrwa pfumbamwe monument - yekare manors pamwe mumapaka. Unogona onawo 22 yakasiyana Monument emapuranga mavakirwo 17-19 emakore. The mapurani guru nemanomwe remakore, NA Shumba zvakasikwa munzvimbo Catherine Church. Nhasi dzimba Museum of History of Valdai. Selvitsky Island Lake Valdai kubva 1653 ndiwo musha Svyatoozerskaya Iver Amai vaMwari wemamonk.

Anoyeuka Valdai National Park uye chinokosha munhau. Ignach muchinjikwa riri pedyo Yazhelbitsy. Zviri pano kuti Batu akatendeuka mauto ake, asati asvika Novgorod.

Jogirafi uye tsananguro

The paka iri munharaunda Demyansk, Okulovskaya uye Valdai nedunhu Novgorod nharaunda. Nharaunda kuti anopindura - kupfuura chiuru mativi makiromita (chaipo - 1585).

The Valdai National Park ane biospheric zvikuru uye zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza kukosha. Lake-dondo nharaunda huru Watershed dzeEurope, izvo kuumbwa nokuda Continental glaciation, nemhaka vanonzi kudzivirirwa. Ice nemumakomo moraine kwakaita nzvimbo yacho chinopiwa pakubwinya kwayo zvose. The Nzvimbo rinoita nemumakomo, uye zvose nokuda chokwadi kuti pano pane Misiyano pakukwirira kwaro pakati dzakasiyana-siyana pamusoro. Kureva mufananidzo yakapoteredza mapani, izvo chete runogonesa migumisiro.

Valdai Hills chikamu kwakakura rwegungwa-nemumakomo nzvimbo - the Lake District. All idzi vari kufungwa pamasikiro chinhu yakadai Valdai National Park. Description iye aizova kukwana kana ukarega kutaura kuti iye anomhanya akafanana rwonzi pamwe huru akabatana pechikomo, achitambanudza 100 km kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. Muchiitiko chino, chinosanganisira gungwa guru boka, rokutora kuchamhembe Lake Seliger, uyewo reservoirs diki anenge 200. The kupfuura nomukurumbira vavo - Lake Valdai, pachitsuwa iyo kare akataura wemamongi, uye Vella uye Borovno (vanozvirumbidza wakajeka mahombekombe uye yakakura Pleso).

The rinokosha mapazi anopindura kusvika kota nzvimbo Valdai Park. Zviri pano, parwizi Polomet River, aiitisa zvidzidzo zviri mugero kwendangariro. Zvavanenge vawana vanomiririra rakakura pokumuka masayendisiti Russian mu zvinokosha ikoroji uye mvura nesayenzi.

Flora

Rich kasvisto ane Valdai National Park. Ndima yayo vanogona kunyatsonzi zvipenyu nzvimbo Eastern Europe. Yepamusoro zvinomera dzinoturwa pano muna 750 siyana. Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti pane isingawanzowanikwi mhando - uye 79! Pakati pavo anosimbisa vamwe orkideat, uyewo vamiririri nemiti, iyo locus iyo - glacial madhamu. Gumi yemiti dzakanyorwa muna Red muBhuku Russia.

Zviuru gumi hectares wakapiwa nomumatondo. Zvinomera ine zvakasiyana siyana mumasango: spruce, nemipaini uye Birch. Northern pamuouki masango nemadota, Hazel, rekushongedzesa uyewo kunomboitika. Under dondo dzinounzwa 86 muzana yose nzvimbo. Zvinonzi akacherechedza kuti Woody miti vanomirirwa 57 marudzi, iyo tsika - 15, uye nezvikara - 42.

fauna of

Valdai National Park (Russia) akava nzvimbo nokuda 45 mhando hove, 180 eshiri uye 50 mhando mhuka. Ava 32 eshiri - dzinotama, vamwe dendere pakarepo. Vakawanda vavo vari shoma kana mashoma:

- nemazizi;

- Common Merganser;

- curlew;

- pfumbu Crane;

- pfumbu emumvura.

Uyewo, Russian Red Book zvaisanganisira gondo, nyoka gondo, gondo zizi, dema shuramurove uye nevamwe.

Kana isu kutaura nyika vertebrates, avo chinoita bere, ematenhe, the marten, gava, yokuSpain, mhuka musii, Elk, tsuro nemhuka yakawanda youpenyu hwake iri mumvura: otter, rwizi otter, mvura vole, mink. Vazhinji ndivo akasiyana marudzi duck. On yose ndima Valdai Park inogarwa pemhumhi. Madziva akapfuma hove: kabhu, whitefish, Pike, burbot, bream, Pike-knot, knot, roach, Ruff, etc. Total mvura vagari pano pane mhando 40, kusanganisira zvisingawanzoitiki: rukova Rainbow, rukova lamprey, bullhead uye European grayling.

Climate

Mumwe nharaunda umo Valdai National Park iri dzinoratidzwa okunze. Izvi zvinhu vane pesvedzero inobatsira kusiyana chirimwa uye mhuka nyika.

Avhareji tembiricha iri coldest romwedzi -10 Celsius, asi akanyanya kupisa - +16. Annual paavhareji - 3 Celsius. Sinou inofukidza nharaunda Valdaisky paka nokuda 140 kwemazuva, kureba wawo anogona kusvika masendimita 45 chando-isina munguva -. Mazuva 128.

"Valdai" vanokurumidza changing weather kunoratidzwa ne National Park. The Valdai (Russian) The inonyanyoshandiswa wakacherechedza wokumaodzanyemba, nechokumadokero uye kuchamhembe-westerly mhepo.

ushanyi

Kuti vasvike kune paki iri nyore chaizvo kubva mikuru kumaguta Russian - St. Petersburg uye Moscow. Ndokusaka rwuripowo mazita kupfuura akashanyira. The Valdai National Park - inzvimbo nzvimbo Misangano mikuru, pano tiri mapoka evana, etc.

Anoshamisa ezvinhu zvakasikwa nekuda vashanyi. Vanogara vakamirira dzakawanda gastehuise. Mumwe nomumwe ari 80 site vashanyi anobvumawo kubva mana zana vanhu. Nokuti zvivanakire vashanyi - risingamboshandisi akagadzirwa dondo fenicha rinosanganisira matafura uye Canopies. Uyezve, akapa tsvina bins, zvimbuzi uye nzvimbo nokuda kuvesa moto. Panguva imwe nzvimbo yakadaro, unogona kuwana imwe ruzivo chemwenje, apo kero yokukurukura uye mitemo yokuzvibata mupaki.