Turkish Air Force: sezvamunoita, nhamba, mufananidzo. Kuenzanisa Air Force kweRussia uye Turkey. Turkish Air Force muHondo Yenyika II

Chinoshingaira ubatanidzwe NATO anokwana zviyero uye SEATO, Turkey anotungamirirwa nhengo zvinodiwa dzinoshanda zvose akanyorwa chikamu United Air Force Southern European yemitambo kuti muchiuto. Kufungisisa inokosha uye nzvimbo (napedyo kuRussia uye dzimwe post-mugovanisi nyika), kwenguva refu, panzvimbo nguva zvachose rugare munzvimbo idzi, NATO akasimbisa boka simba pano hachisi chokwadi Turkish Air Force. This Air Group inoumbwa makumi murwi-Ndege F-4C "Phantom" (USA) uye yechi39 Tactical aviagruppirovki. Izvi kuwedzera Turkish Air Force, dzakabatana uye subunits izvo zvinogona kupa kutsigirwa uye Navy, uye zvimwe nemauto, kusanganisira nyika.

In kupikiswa uchatamisa ruzivo nguva vashandi uye mauto chaiitirwa mune zvose mukati yemitambo remapazi. Kufukidza yako inokosha zvivako zvinokosha, yaiitisa tactical ungwaru kuti muchiuto kuti NATO vake murayiro. Vose mabasa aya imwe nguva uye azadzise Turkish Air Force.

Kuronga uye sangano

At musoro nyika iri chikwata, rikaudza Mukuru General Staff of Air Force. It riri muna Ankara, apo uye dzikabereka kutungamirirwa uye pokudzora zvikamu zvose, dzakabatana uye idzodzo. Turkey Air Force Headquarters iri pedyo pamwe chete Otaki (Joint Tactical Air Command) Izmir.

In dzose Air-kupa nyika ine makumi mana namasere zviuru vanhu, pamwe makumi maviri namapfumbamwe zviuru - mu chengetedza. Turkish Air Force, ane akafanana yakasiyana zvishoma kubva mumhepo mauto dzimwe nyika, dziri huviri TBA (Tactical Air Force) kudzimbahwe Diyarbakir uye Eskeshehire. Izvi zvinosanganisira nechepasi pamusoro-kuti-mhepo zvinoita zvokukandwa, "Nike", rimwe boka pakufamba nendege uye kurovedzwa uye Air Command.

dzechikwata

The chikuru revarwi Unit Turkish Air Force anonzi avhiyesheni dzechikwata gumi namasere ndege. Panguva iyoyo, mabasa pamusoro yaitsiva mumuviri nomutsika zvisingachashandi ndege F-104G, RF-84F uye F-100C (uyewo D) kune ano F-4E, F-104S uye RF-5Mumwe. Wokutanga TBA ina Turkish Air Force Base: Myurted, Eskisehir, Bandirma uye Balikesir. Kune squadrons pamusoro F-100C uye F-100D, F-104S uye F-104G, uyewo F-4E «phantom», F-102A, F-5Mumwe uye RF-5Mumwe. Second TBA Airbase matatu, asi nhamba Turkish Air Force ndege pairi haidereri pane mukuru. Diyarbakir garo rine dzechikwata yose F-10GD, F-102A uye RF-84F. Merzifon muri squadrons vaviri F-5Mumwe, muna Erhache - F-100D. Nenguva namapfumbamwe squadrons mu zvachose ine Ndege uye varwi Turkish Air Force.

Mapoka gumi mhepo - Kurwisa ndege, shanu - murwi ndege, squadrons maviri - kudziongorora. Just matatu namakumi matatu kurwisa ndege, ramakagadzwa mapfumbamwe - vatakuri zvenyukireya warheads. Transport Air Group ane squadrons vatatu vanopfuura makumi maviri ndege. SAM chombo garo iri vakapakata mapoka maviri squadrons mana, apo pane manomwe navaviri launchers, kufukidza yose Bosphorus. Turkish Air Force helicopters havasi vazhinji - avo matatu: gumi AV-204B, Uh-19d uye Uh-11.

Kugadzirira ndege uye michina mudonzvo

Training anoratidza Air vanorayirwa kuti vezvikwata zvose uye nhengo. Kune kushanda Academy, vaviri pabhesi (mu Konya uye Çigli) uye nhamba unyanzvi uye ndege zvikoro Turkish Air Force, uwandu izvo siyana kakawanda. Primary chikoro - chikoro Istanbul, apo majaya dzakundwa, kunge sekondari uye Air Force kuti ruzivo zvimwe pamusoro kurapa ndege. Zvikoro zvakadaro (chaiwo yechipiri zvikoro) munharaunda dzakawanda. Gozvo chidobi akatizira muzvikoro azadzise vadzidzi T-37, T-33 T-6.

Education-gore maviri, zvichiteverwa ane internship pa mhepo pezvingoro, izvo kare vakatodzidza chaihwo vemauto unyanzvi kushandisa ndege TF-102A, TF-100F, TF-104G uye F-5b. Mushure internship iri basa rechiuto chinzvimbo, uye vanofanira kuva nenzira magetsi dzechikwata. Technology (mudonzvo) vakadzidziswa muna Izmir College: radar dzaishandisa, nyanzvi mbiru uye mashandiro nzvimbo, nhungamiro, kutaura, Banga uye kugoverwa mabasa nokuda Air Force dzinewo dzazvinogara zvikoro kunodzidziswa. Nhamba Turkish Air Force ndege kudzidzisa ane vanenge zana nemakumi maviri dzakabatana. Pakati pavo, kwete chete kune T-6 uye T-33, uyewo kubhururuka T-34, T-37, T-41, TF-100F, TF-104G, TF-102X uye F-5b.

The NATO

Turkish Air Force ndege panguva kurasa NATO uye chikamu mauto akabatana zvose kudzorwa enyika. Combat Kurovedza vezvikwata uye subunits of Turkish Air Force anoiteerera takamuka. Dzidziso dzinorongwa maererano NATO zvinodiwa uye maererano operative zvirongwa akambochera ikoko zvazvo. Uye vakabata makwikwi umo nani kufambisa uye basa, uye achibhururuka unyanzvi taita, uye nokukurumidza Kupindura mhepo vashandi vakuru zvakatipoteredza ezvinhu. On kuhondo Kubudirira uye akagadzirira nguva dzose, kanenge kamwe pagore, tarisa zvose mhepo zvigadziko uye panguva macheki mumwe vashandi anowana yayo basa: gamha ichi nhovo huru pane mukuru uye yakaderera altitudes, uye kubhomba maduku kadikidiki huru, uye kuitisa zvemuchadenga ushori mu nyore uye mamiriro akaoma ekunze.

Yose nhamba Turkish Air Force kugara paChikoro murayiro uye mudonzvo vemauto muviri uye NATO, inoitiswa kumaodzanyemba Europe. Izvi "Deep Farrow" uye "Don peturu" uye "Express". Nomurayiro Turkish Air Force anofanira kufunga kurwadza hondo muna 1974 pachitsuwa cheKupro, uye nokuti anoteerera zvikuru kuti kukurukurirana pamusoro Army, Navy uye Air Force. Dzidzisai nokuparadza diki pamusoro kunangwa. Nzvimbo chinokosha anopiwa kuti zviito pamwe yepamusoro airfields uye nendege dispersal.

Politics uye Turkish Air Force

MuHondo Yenyika II hurumende reRepublic rinenge kusvikira pakuguma kuramba vasina kwavakarerekera, nounyanzvi achifambisa pakati blocs maviri akarwisana mumwe. Pakapera February 1945, Turkey pakupedzisira akasarudza nokuzivisa kurwa Germany. Kurwisana haina kubata, zvose rutsigiro kwaibva nedzenyu nzvimbo. Turkey aidzora Bosporus uye Dardanelles yakaoma, yakavatevera Gungwa Dema warships, yakanga muchiuto, asi pakuenzanisa mauto kumaodzanyemba Soviet-German mberi uye muMediterranean haana kuedza kuchinja.

Kubvira muna 1939, Ankara akatamba Anglo-French bloc, nekuti waitya kusimbisa Italy, asi mushure Kuregwa France muna 1940 pamwe Germany, zvikuru pedyo: nechikoro kuti inokosha mbishi zvokuvakisa (Chrome, somuenzaniso), vakarashika warships German uye Italian kuburikidza pakamanikana. Muna 1941, Turkey Zvisinei akazivisa kwavakarerekera, muchinyengetera,, kutanga tarisiro kubatanidzwa muhondo neSoviet Union kurutivi German. On kumuganhu nemauto eSoviet kusimba pfungwa raisagona kuva: Turkish nokupesana makumi maviri nezvitanhatu muAtlantic zvakananga kubva miganhu, nguva akaita mikuru anofambisa pamusoro Turkish Air Force. KuCaucasus, Soviet Union akamanikidzwa kuramba wandei rehondo ndicho chikonzero.

East minimini

Yakanga chete pashure Hondo Stalingrad, Turkey yainyatsoziva insolvency yokuGermany zvirongwa kukunda Soviet Union, uye ipapo pakarepo tatangazve zvakasiyana-siyana sungano dzairwisa, asi chete muna August 1944 zvose nedzenyu ukama Hitler aiva vapedza. Hitler akanga arondedzera hondo iri kurwadziwa kuti Dardanelles uye Bosphorus achapiwa kuongororwa kubudikidza vechikamu pamusoro Anti-Hitler mubatanidzwa. tsvina British zvombo vokuTurkey pasi Zvipire-Lease - muhondo havana kubatanidzwa.

Zvisinei, nhengo imwe UN somugumisiro vaGiriyedhi Turkey hondo yakatanga. Uye nhengo NATO, zvakare, kubvira muna 1952. Nokuda nenzvimbo nzvimbo kunokosha chaizvo nhengo sangano. Muna 1972, ivo Turkish Government adopts purogiramu mazuvaano yacho ndege rengarava. Zvazviri zvidzidzo zvose zvakaiswa retrofitted uye chikamu, pamwe anenge asina kuwedzera nhamba iri Turkish Air Force (hapana paki, kana mudonzvo). Turkey ari mubasa ndege kugadzirwa chisisisipo kusimbisa mbidzwa kutenga noungwaru zvigadzirwa. Terms of kwema Chokwadi, zvakanaka - NATO nguva dzose anotsigira nhengo dzayo.

chaizvo

The chibvumirano ne United States akapa Turkey muna 1972, makumi mana murwi-Ndege "Phantom» - F-4E, iyo ichatsiva yechinyakare. Turkish vezvikepe uye wevanamakanika nyanzvi zvombo zvitsva muUnited States, ipapo inodzidzisirwa yakatangwa. Muna 1974 Italy chibvumirano ne Turkey uye akamuisa mashanu nezvina zvinoberekwa American rezinesi F-104S murwi. Germany akapa mari Turkish Air Force mapfumbamwe TF-104G kudzidzisa ndege, ayo vaberekawo neUnited States License. Uyezve, zvinoitwa vokuGermany dzakavakwa Kayseri Aircraft Factory - nemashanu pakufamba pagore. Sezvingatarisirwa, somugumisiro gadziridzo Jets rengarava nokudzidziswa Turkish nyanzvi nemauto kurwa nezvaanogona dzedenga simba yakawedzera zvinooneka.

Handina kugumisa kunetsana kuMiddle East zvechokwadi kuratidza kuti Turkey anotevera nechisimba dzimwe negwaro. Uye kusimbiswa chaizvo pamusoro yetsiva ndege. Zvinokosha kuyeuka uto kunetsana muSiriya uye kurwisa Turkish dzakabatana zvehondo ndege yacho Russian Federation. The hukama pakati penyika mbiri kuva pepa rehurukuro ane kutsiga nyika, zvisinei kugara hukuru chinzvimbo muTurkey haazobudiriri. Its zvido hegemonic iri nzvimbo Asian vakakuchidzira NATO nhengo, asi pashure chinoshamisa nzira chakaitika uto kubvuta masimba ari Turkish utungamiri hazvina kudaro nechivimbo akananga mubatanidzwa. Ankara ane tariro zvose zvakafanana nokuda kwavo basa rwisana ndege dzimwe hondo, asi ane Anti-Russian gondohwe kurova mumaoko NATO kuti akamira. Zvisinei, kwekanguva.

kuenzanisa Air Force

Russia uye Turkey vane chinhu kurangarira pamwe chete. Munhoroondo ukama pakati penyika mbiri vakatanga hondo gumi nguva, pamwe nokurwisana vomuungano mune nhamba iyi haana kuiswawo. Hondo yokupedzisira yaiva zana apfuura - nyika yokutanga. Zvisinei, muna 2016 ngozi zvakananga uto kurwisana kwakanga zvakare mukuru. Yakanga kuparadzwa kwedu Su-24, mhinduro kuti chakanga kuTurkey panzvimbo kosha. Pasinei neizvi, akavhiyiwa zvechiuto havana atanga. Bhizimisi Russian akapotsa vakaparadza Turkish kurambidzwa vokuRussia zororo munyika ino. Uye mukana uto kurwisana kunyange achitaura nyanzvi: vakuru veuto, uye vamiriri. Asi muchiedza ichi, pasinei nokuti hondo, sezvazvakanyorwa anyudzwa, uye vakauya ruregerero, zvine musoro kuti azive zvinogona ari Turkish uye Russian wehondo kuenzanisa.

The kupfuura fungidzira nzvimbo yacho kudhumhana pakati avhiyesheni pakati penyika mbiri - kuchamhembe kweSiriya, uko vanogamuchira anotsigira Turkish reSiriya gunmen. Nokuda kuti Ankara haisi saka chokwadi nezvake kuti haasi kutya kutsiva pamusoro chikamu Russian avhiyesheni? Hwaro Turkish Air Force - American chechina-chizvarwa murwi - the F-16 (mumwe wavo uye vakagogodza yedu bhomba uchibaya kumashure), vane zvidimbu vasere Turkey mazana maviri. Vanogona kuwedzera okunatsiridza siyana NF-5 Nhaka US murwi (1964) - vari Turkish Air Force mana chete chinhu. Tichienzanisa rokutanga - iri kupfuura workhorse, kunyange vakwegura - murwi uyu kuti chinokosha kutsiviwa.

VCS yedu (Aerospace Force) Chokwadi kudarika Turkish. Kune dutu vamabhiza, uye inokosha uye tactical Ndege Tu-160 uye Tu-95 tsime mukurwisa rarambidzwa Russia sezvo gandanga sangano LIH. Tine varwi mazana matatu namakumi matatu okunatsiridza akasiyana-siyana Su-27, makumi matanhatu ndege Su-30, Su-35S makumi mana, namazana maviri third-29, third-31, zana nemakumi mashanu, uye zvikuru anokwanisa Ndege ndege okuvaka itsva - the Su-30 uye Su-35, pamwe chinhu onboard radar. Vari kure nokure chero hupi zvahwo huri mumhepo nhasi.

ndege kukundwa

Kutungamirirwa zvemuchadenga mabhomba KAB-500-C uye KAB-1500, vari mubasa pamwe Russian Air Force, pamwe rwendo zvombo X-555 uye X-101, izvo uyewo nzira yakanaka kukunda muvengi, zvikuru inobudirira. More kunoda dambudziko basa chiripo mhepo-kuti-mhepo zvenguva, asi zvishoma nezvishoma kugadziriswa. The chikuru chombo mukirasi iyi yedu videoconferencing - P-27 okuberekwa kwazvo, iro rine Semi-basa radar homing musoro kuti. Vezvikepe rakanyatsojeka zvakaoma kutakura kuti nechinangwa, nekuti haugoni kuita kuti chaiyo corners. Uye kugadzikana uye yainge rwisana mamiriro ezvinhu haisi zvakanaka nzvimbo. Unopinza rinoshamisa warhead havagoni kuenda chinangwa.

Basa inoitwa, R-27 ari pasi yakagozha nadzurudzo, ichibereka chafariz homing. chinhu ichi chinosunungura mutyairi nokuva kutakura chitundumuseremusere, asi kunyange kuvandudzika uku haasi kuzviita yemhando zvombo. Pano Turkish Air Force kusvikira yokutanga, sezvo zvombo US zvombo Vavarira-120C AMRAAM, izvo zvinogona aiswe chinangwa uye kukanganwa nezvazvo. Vanowana chinangwa. Zvichida mutyairi kuti kufambisa panguva zvikuru kupfuura vezvikepe evadzimi Russian. Zvazvinosarira tariro nokuda zvakanaka unyanzvi nokurovedza zvikwata zvedu, nekuti ndizvo chinoratidza migumisiro nomumwe mhepo kukakavadzana.

zvabuda

Sezvo VCS Russian vari kuwedzera multi-basa varwi Frontline Ndege uye inokosha kuti kuparadzwa zvinangwa anokosha ari muvengi wacho kwezvivako, uye yakakura kwazvo, kunakisa zvichienzaniswa kudivi redu Air Force. Uye dzimwe mhando vezvikwata ndege (Ndege, kurwiswa ndege, helicopters, uto chokufambisa) isu akapa husina zvakawanda. Kunakisa hazvirambiki. Kunyange zvazvo Turkey ari revatema kupinda NATO mhepo yokuzvidzivirira hurongwa, uye American Patriot ane zvakawanda maronda anosvika makumi masere makiromita, Russia iri vakanga matsva hurongwa S-300 S-400, ane vasabatwa vanosanganisira makiromita anoda kusvika mazana mashanu.

Nokuisa zvivako izvi muAndiyoki Latakia, Russia pachake nechokwadi kuti Turkey ndiye huta nokuti kutonga angosimuka guru rutivi rwezasi-kumabvazuva kunyika. Nokupfupikisa fananidzo Air Force kweRussia uye Turkey, tinofanira kubvuma kuti chiitiko hondo ichava mukana kuti Russia, nokuti kukunda-vakagadzirira ndege zvakawanda nouwandu richikura, upgrading riri pasi nzira, achiwedzera ndege itsva uye yakagozha kurwa michina. Asi kurwa mumapapu haangatongovi, nekuti haugoni kunzi simba Turkish Air Force (mufananidzo zvinoratidza). Saka, zvingava nani kumbobvira zvaitika hakuna hondo.