Villa Rotunda - a Nyanzvi pamusoro Andrea Palladio

Kwete kure enchanting Venice ndiro guta Vicenza, izvo haidereri yakanaka pane akachengetedzwa Ages rungano mufananidzo mvura. Rondedzera vose zvinokwezva akakurumbira vashanyire wemapoka kugarwa Kungangova mune imwe nyaya.

Vicenza anonzi guta kubva Andrea Palladio nokukudzwa akatamira pano se jaya shasha mukuru, uyo akavaka pano mi- zvivako, izvo vava kuzvikudza Italy.

Ngatikurukurei nyika imba, rwakaiswa World Heritage kubudikidza UNESCO muna 1994, iyo inozivikanwa se La rotunda (Villa Rotunda). Vicenza Palladio akasiya nhaka kuna shasha okuvaka mavakirwo guta Italian zvachose chokuita nezita tenzi kukuru.

akitekicha shasha

mabasa ake ibwe kumbobvira akadzokorora, uye kunyange duku decoration zvinhu zviri nomumwe.

Created zhinji ounyanzvi bedzi mapurani hwenyika, ainzi manyorerwo (Palladian), ndaidavira kuti chivakwa ose anotarira zvinobetsera zvakarurama reshiyo yose uye nhengo mairi. Uye hapana chitsama yakashongedzwa mbiru uye dzakaisvonaka yakanyungudutswa, ichiyevedza Maberere haangaiti chivakwa chakanaka.

symmetry musimboti

Andrea Di Pietro, anozivikanwa nokuda ainziwo sezvo palladium (achimiririra rechiGiriki mwarikadzi Pallas Athena), kwete tsaona nguva yakawanda yokudzidza dzimba yekare yeguta. Kuita yokunyora nokudhirowa mudzimba uye temberi, akanzwisisa sei vakanga vakanaka. Kuyera simba sa musiki akawana kuti asati erection ari tenzi akaita zvakaoma masvomhu.

Palladio akaziva kuti nheyo symmetry nokuda ezvivako emakore akapfuura aiva inokosha. Rimwe divi chero mamiriro ari kushivirira vamwe, chinofanira kuraswa muchimiro dzinoungana uye madenderedzwa. Kuongorora rectangular mamiriro, murongedzeri akawana kuti pano chaizvo nokungwarira akaswedera rworudyi inorwara urefu uye upamhi.

The imba, iyo yava muenzaniso

Villa rotunda, vakamira pamusoro pechikomo, sezvinoita chivakwa yechitendero, vanodada chirefu pamusoro Vicenza. Pashure basa rakatanga kuoneka kuomesa Kuvakira vairemekedzwa Chirungu yakavakirwa mufananidzo uyu, uye anonzi yakakurumbira kopi Sophia (Voznesensky) Cathedral muna Tsarskoye tiiviste.

Ichi ndicho chokutanga munhoroondo kuvakwa imwe private imba, achidzokorora ayo siyana chivakwa dzechitendero yekare. Kufanana ichi akazviratidza kunokwana kwazvo masitepisi, mifananidzo wavanamwari yekare uye rising kuti kumutsa shamwari ne yeRoma "temberi vose vamwari" - ari Pantheon.

simba chifananidzo

Pamusoro zvivezwa unokosha nezvenyu voga. Mubhuku rake rinonzi rinotaura mashoma Italian Artists vaishanda naye uye kuumba simba zvivezwa. Manhamba kuti murongedzeri akada kuisa pedyo pamatanho, nguva dzose kufamba. Izvi hazvisi zvatinosiita muchando siluetti mufananidzo nechimwe sezvinonzi dzenzvimbo vari kupa upenyu munyika imba yose.

History of chivakwa

Villa rotunda pedyo Vicenza, yakavakwa mitemo yendarama chikamu, akasikwa sezvo anokudzwa yokugara Paolo Almerico, uye pashure pokufa mapurani paakapedza Kupedzwa basa rake nounyanzvi mboni V. Scamozzi kuti varidzi itsva - Capra hama.

Tinoziva nhoroondo kuvakwa inonyanyoshandiswa neguta zvinokwezva. Kuna veteraani mapurani dzakatamira Vicenza akatendeuka mupristi, uyo akarota ane musha wakakwana. Amateur dzose geometric siyana pakarepo akaziva kuti kutora sezvikonzero yaiungana, iyo vachapinda denderedzwa.

Muna 1566 Palladio, uyo anotenda kuti yakanaka kwazvo ndivo nyore zvinhu, vakatanga gadzira rokuvaka nezveramangwana. Nemhaka wemaoresa kwemasvomhu kukura dzakasiyana Villa akakwana symmetry: Round Hall akanga nokudhindwa sikweya.

chivakwa wokutanga nzvimbo munyika

Talent Tenzi kwakaratidzwa pakuti vose decoration mashoko kuri mutemberi mapurani, zvakakwana sezvaiita mune private chivakwa ndachiseva rinokosha runako. A mukuru pechingoro inokosha chikamu zvivako zvechitendero, uye achizvivakira rokunyika musha, hakuna kukanganwa pamusoro Andrea Palladio.

Villa rotunda pedyo Vicenza akava nyika yokutanga yokunyika Renaissance chivakwa wakashongedzwa rising rakacherwa paro yokutanga kuburikidza izvo guru imba ndiyo chiedza chezuva.

Rokunze Murongerwo kunoenderana zvizere chete zvemukati runako. Nokuti mukati kupenda vakakokwa unyanzvi vemifananidzo, yakashongedzwa chokuvhenekesa uye masvingo vane Pamifananidzo pamusoro rengano dzinotaura uye mumadimikira upenyu Almerico mupristi.

Simplicity zvose

Villa rotunda, vakarumbidza zita Italian shasha munyika yose, inoumbwa zvina dzakafanana pamadziro yakapoteredza domed nechepakati kumativi horo. Wandisa vanyatsochinja masitepisi, parapets pamusoro riri ibwe mifananidzo vari mumwe France, yakashongedzwa pabiravira nembiru matanhatu uye pediments.

Simple Pakutanga, mapurani zvingaitwa pasina frills kuti chitarisiko chivakwa vakanatswa uye kwezvokufuka.

Munguva yapfuura, ezvivako yekare pabiravira wanamatira chete huru France, uye Palladio vakandorwa hwakagadzwa tsika, zvichiita Villa zvakafanana, ichibata kunhivi dzose.

The zvinoenderana zvakasikwa uye mapurani Paaidzidzisa

Kana afunge chivako kwaibva yayo inokosha ruzivo shasha Andrea Palladio. Villa rotunda, yakavakwa zvakanaka tsika temberi yekare, rinobatanidza zvakakwana pamwe yakapoteredza nzvimbo. The mapurani sowakajeka nyanzvi unyanzvi ichiyevedza mapurani siyana zvinoenderana runako, wakati zvakawanda kugona ichi kubva ezvivako yekare.

Mubhuku rake rinonzi, akabvuma kuti akanga nemaune akasarudza akakura zvisikwa panzvimbo yakaisvonaka, iyo unogona kufungidzira. Munyori yagara nyaya hunhu, uye mumwe nomumwe basa rake zvizere akabatanidza nayo mukuwirirana.

Evaluation Goethe chivakwa

Villa rotunda muna Vicenza agara zvikuru. With rakasiyana Paaidzidzisa haana kusangana zhinji, uye Goethe ndozvakaitikawo. Zvikuru kufarira kare mudetembi German vakauya kuItaly pachake kuyemura mabasa Palladio. Aidavira kuti unokoshesa zvinoshamisa kunaka miti runobvira chete munhu, saka akaenda Vicenza.

Muna 1786, pashure rokuenda imba vanoyemurwa Goethe akanyora mubhuku rake anoti: "Villa Rotunda - chivako yakaisvonaka, riri pamusoro nzvimbo chikomo. Kunenge kuti pamberi mapurani haana kuzvibvumira kudzitaura. Mumwe rweimba afanane temberi. Kusimba makamuri akanaka uye hombe imba. Muridzi chivakwa, zvinoonekwa kubva chero pfungwa, akasiya kuvazukuru shongwe chaiyo. "

Changing varidzi

Muna June 1912, ari Villa rotunda anochinja maoko. Vakava mhuri Valmarana vanoda mudzose mapurani chinoshamisa. Professor Mario mapurani, uyo akafa muna 2010, akapedza makore 60 kuitira kuti awana chifananidzo rinozivikanwa vakararama. Muna 1980, nharaunda akava rakazaruka kuruzhinji, uye pane dzimwe mazuva, unogona tinyatsoziva zvokunyaradza kushongedzwa.

Nhasi ndiyo muridzi Villa Valmarana Lodovico, kuti asimbise rinokosha mari.

Most vatsvakurudzi basa Italian mapurani vanodavira kuti yepamusoro okugadzira zvinhu yake ndiyo huru Villa rotunda. Palladio mudzidziso mairi ake makuru andakanzwa zvirongwa uye akaratidza mirawu mapurani symmetry.

Mharidzo manyorerwo uye zvakakwana kwatakagoverwa kubva mushanyi vose risingadzivisiki chido kuzivana nevamwe mabasa tenzi, riri muruwa muguta zvawanzwa.