YaMZ-236: hunhu, mudziyo kudzora

YaMZ-236 - the kunozivikanwa Diesel injini, unobereka OJSC "Autodiesel" vaimbova Yaroslavl Motor Plant. V-zvakaumbwa ichi "Six" azova zvakakurumbira Soviet Union, uye pashure yakawondomoka - uye yose Kishi. The Injini rinoshandiswa ino nguva mu nemarori, nematarakita anofamba uye anobatanidza. Inogona kuwanika pamusoro motokari zvakadai anozivikanwa Mace, KRAZ, Ural, žil uye tarakita K-700.

Dzepedyo muenzaniso uyu vari YaMZ-238 8 humburumbira uye YMZ-240 - 12 tsilidrovy. YaMZ-236 ane shanduro dzakawanda dzakasiyana kwazvo horsepower.

History chokusika

Muna 1950 iri Yaroslavl chirimwa vakagamuchira rinokosha kuti hurumende kuti pave kupfuura simba Diesel michini, zvakange yekubvisa sharuka YAZ. Motors izvi vaifanira kuva simba uye mari kupfuura zvavo vamutangira. Ukuwo, hurumende aida kuwana zvakasikwa womukati injini, izvo zvinogona kuiswa pamusoro siyana mavanga mota.

Achitungamirirwa chinoshamisa wakachenjera uye musayendisiti USSR Kukudzwa Chernyshova GD YaMZ-236 wakasikwa, uyewo mamwe mhuri Diesel injini iyoyo. Naiyewo akatanga hapana shoma kunozivikanwa dzakatevedzana dzakabatana pamusoro KAMAZ.

Saka akaberekwa dzomunyika injini, izvo kuchiri kuzivikanwa nevakawanda. Mupepa yakakwirira chinzvimbo, kuvimbika, nyore kugadzira, nyore yokuzvigadzirisa, uye handingadariki mativi husingakoshi. Long upenyu uye maintainability kumubvumira kushumira vakatendeka kwemakore akawanda.

Production ikozvino

To musi, kugadzirwa mberi YaMZ-236, kunyange zvazvo pane kare nomunhu YaMZ-530. Mavhoriyamu akatengesa Motors urege kuwa, asi nokuda muchiuto zviito muUkraine akarega chokuendesa mashoko Kremenchug motokari gungano chirimwa, izvo yakabereka yakakurumbira KrAZ mumarori. Chokwadi, Yaroslavl fekitari akarasikirwa injini yokutengesa chidimbu, asi kugadzirwa haana shoma.

Magadzirirwo uye midziyo

YaMZ-236 ane zvakakwana yakakwirira unongotaura. Zvinonzi vakapakata sepombi nhanhatu, izvo akarongwa zvakafanana uye ane kurereka angled rworwendo 90. Chinotsva uchakumikidzwa zvakananga kupinda sepombi, kureva rakananga jekiseni mhando. 16.5 Pressure injini mhepo. The pisitoni ane dhayamita 130 mm nechepasi uye 140 mm rokugadzirisa musimboti, kuva Kutama 140 mm.

The Injini akatasva mafuta pombi mukuru kumanikidzwa uye zvokuimba mhando injectors, izvo zvakananga uye kuita jekiseni panguva imwe humburumbira. Mumwe musoro nechigumbuso ane vharafu 6 - 3 3 Inlet uye nzira yokubudisa.

Kutonhora maitiro - mvura kumanikidzwa kuparadzirwa, iro rinoitwa pachishandiswa mvura pombi. The actuator iri bhandi iyo rotates munhu chisimudziso pombi kubudikidza crankshaft chisimudziso.

YaMZ-236 ane inokwana 11 litres kugona neeSultan kubva 150 kusvika 420 horsepower. Mumakore womuenzaniso, rakachengetedzwa yakawedzera kusvika 500 zvapano Maererano dzakakwirira tariffs, huni vagadziri YaMZ-236, kubuda mwero chakanga marita 40 paminiti 100 km, mufananidzo uyu airarama 25 l.

Huru simba chirimwa mune kukandira simbi kusvikira 2010, kusvikira kwakasarudzwa kutamira naye aruminiyamu, uyewo humburumbira musoro. Izvi zvaiita kuti husava nzira zvokugadzirisa uye Kuchifinha ari sepombi mitsipa uye honingovka huchawedzera yakarurama. Panyaya iyi chikwata chinogumbura hauna akarasika aimbova simba.

Main Unhu YaMZ-236 zvinoratidza kuti injini ine huri nyore kuvaka, zvichibvumira kuti nyore kugadzira uye basa.

kuchinja

YaMZ-236, kuchinja chinoitwa noruoko, zvinoda hapana inokosha Ezvemutauro. Rinosanganisira yakawanda remapazi. Funga dzinokosha manipulations kuti yaifanira:

• Nokugadzirisa mavharuvhu, yakaitwa uchishandisa vachiongorora chaiyo aiendeswa YAMZ-236. gwenya mudziyo kunoita kuti uite oparesheni ichi apo achibvisa vharuvhu pakavha.
• Kuchinja batira, zvikuru zvakananga, muinonzi vakadengezera. Voitakura pamusoro rinokosha kumira.
• Kugadziridza chinotsva romugove kubudikidza jekiseni pombi.

akavhiyiwa All yaitwa kugadzirisa chete nemotokari kugadziriswa, chaiwo zvishandiso vanosungirwa, riri nyore kuwana mugaraji.

sevhisi

Shumirai Diesel Injini YaMZ-236 iri nyore, kana uchiziva sei uye chii kuita. Funga dzinokosha akavhiyiwa kuti vanobatanidzwa mubasa:

1. Oil change. Kazhinji inokurudzirwa kushandisa injini mafuta pamusoro Diesel injini yacho mhando M10G2K.
2. The yaitsiva firita zvinhu. Injini ine filters dzakawanda kuti anofanira kutsiviwa ose 15 000? Km. Izvi mafuta Sefa, kuti Sefa chinhu zvinonyadzisa uye wakanaka kuchenesa huni, remkoplekty zvose filters.
3. Kugadzirisa jekiseni, kuisa zvinongokonzerwa - vachiridza mokugezera.
4. Pavanotsiva gaskets humburumbira musoro rinofukidza uye humburumbira musoro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuchinja cushioning zvinhu nhovo.
5. Tightening kana kutsiva nemotokari mabhandi.

Pano, pfungwa, uye zvose kugadzira kushandiswa, inoitiswa musi YaMZ-236. Zvose zviri kuchinja mu magetsi uye vakaronga kugadziriswa.

kugadzira

Engine kugadzira YaMZ-236 rinoitwa chete motokari kugadziriswa, sezvo zvinoda yakakosha zvokushandisa uye zvokushandisa. Vanosanganisira mikoko dzakadaro nokuti disassembly uye ungano simba chikwata nezvinhu zvaro, vakadengezera, nekuwedzera yokuedzwa.

Vanodawo chaiyo midziyo:

• Kuchifinha uye honing muchina.
• Equipment nokuti kukuya uye pakuonekwa pamusoro crankshaft.
• Mumire yokugezera kuti crimping.
• Tarisei nokuti kukuya zvigaro vharafu zvigaro.
• Equipment nokuti kugadzwa vharuvhu vakapofumara.
• Lathe uye azvikuya machine.
• Mira kuti kuchenesa injectors.
• Press nokuti vachisundira mabheyaringi uye zvisimbiso.
• Argon nomoto, mune zvimwe zviitiko.
• Chimwe chishandiso uye midziyo inokosha-chinangwa yokugadzirisa Diesel injini.

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva pamazita, zvichaita kutora yakawanda nengoro midziyo anogona kuwana kwete ose motokari mudziyo.

Engine kugadzira YaMZ-236 rinoitwa mumatanho dzakawanda. Vose vari chaizvo kunzwisisa, uye ndiye rakamanikana ose nyanzvi profile. Funga zvose matanho mumwe nomumwe:

1. Dismantling. Zvichida, uye saka zviri pachena kuti womukati injini disassembled kushandisa mureza rakawedzerwa yakatarwa zvekushandisa uye pneumatic pfuti.
2. Mhosva chirwere uye kuziva mazita kupembedza nhengo kuti anofanira kutsiviwa.
3. Crankshaft nokugeda uye gadziriro humburumbira chinhu chinogumbura.
4. Rokuchenesa zvikamu zvose nemagungano. Kazhinji, zvakanamirwa zvinoitiswa inopisa reparafini.
5. Paunenge wagadzirira, vakaungana.

Process disassembly YaMZ-236 maawa anenge 6-8. Kugadzirira zvikamu kugungano zvinotora maawa anenge 16-20, zvichienderana kunzwisisa zvaparadzwa. Gungano kwacho zvinotora maawa 36. Zvose zvinoenderana sei kusakadzwa huru dzakabatana uye zvinoriumba uye tsime sei kugadzirira chokupedzisira pavaipfuura basa.

Plans ramangwana

Muna 2020, ivo Yaroslavl chirimwa anoronga kupururudza kugadzirwa YaMZ-236, sezvo iye kwakatsiviwa nokugadzirira mutsva YaMZ-660, izvo zvichava 100 horsepower zvikuru simba, uye inzwi zvichawedzera kusvikira 12,5 litres. Saka inoramba dzekare urongwa sepombi uye mavharuvhu. Innovation kuronga kuti zvemagetsi jekiseni pombi, izvo zvichava Euro 5 mureza, achabuda pamusoro michina pamusika yose. Zvinonzi zvakare akaronga kuramba kubereka Diesel simba miti pahwaro YaMZ-236.