Zvihuta Kubva Home Farm

UDC 636.5 / .6

Zvihuta pamusoro musha papurazi.

Huku, shiri, duck, turkeys - tsika vagere yehuku-yoga, asi pheasants, Guinea neshiri uye zvihuta kuseri kwedzimba akatanga kuonekwa tichishandisa yapfuura, asi maererano hupfumi utility unofadza zvikuru.

Zvihuta - the maduku uye ruva parinova zambiringa yehuku pheasant mhuri huku. Vakasununguka nazvo uye kudyisa kunoita kuti varambe vari muguta uye muruwa. Rinopa kusvika mazai 300 pagore. A akasiyana zvokudya uye Mishonga zvivako rinobvumira anenge munhu wose adye zvihuta mazai uye nyama pasina kurambidzwa.

Biological uye zvoupfumi maitiro, nekuti izvo zvinofanira kusimudza zvihuta

• ndivo kupfuura precocious kuti yehuku anotanga kutakura kubva pamazuva 40 kusvika 2 months pazera, atova zvikuru akura shiri kuti anogona kusiya kunotora mazai, kana kushandisa kuti nyama;
• zvihuta vane mwero, ari keji 50x95x35 masendimita anogona kuchengeta avhareji zvinangwa 50 pazuva zvihuta inofanira kuva 20 - 25 g inosimbisa, kureva mwedzi miviri - .. kusvika 1.5 makirogiramu, uye basa mari vari kuderedzwa kune nezuva kudya, kuchinja mvura, kuchenesa musha uye kuunganidza mazai. The ndeyokuva shiri 70-80 pa 1 sq.m.
• zvihuta kashoma kurwara uye kuita pasina kubaya. Ndivo zvishoma kubatwa vakawanda zvinotapukira kuri mune vamwe mukaravhani huku uye zvihuta mazai inogona kudyiwa mbishi, kuwana zvizere zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri pasina kurasikirwa panguva Kupisa kurapwa. Nyaya iyi kunoita kuti kugamuchira zvakatipoteredza ushamwari zvigadzirwa, pasina kushandisa yokudzivirira uye mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Nzvimbo dzomusango zvihuta anofukidza rinenge rose Old World. Uye kwose kwose, shiri anonamatwa mutambo kunovhima. Pakati Pari anozivikanwa subspecies nhanhatu, izvo zvakasiyana zvishoma kukura uye ruvara, rakajairika vanhuwo zvihuta. Dendere muna Europe, North Africa uye Asia, uye dzechando muCentral Africa uye kumaodzanyemba kweAsia, uko akapedza 7-8 mwedzi pagore. Mupenyu mumapani uye mumakomo. It matendere pasi. In achiisa 9-15 mazai, iyo hadzi incubates kwemazuva 15-17. Zvokudya anoshandisa kunyanya mbeu, atwo uye mabukira, dzimwe nguva zvipembenene.

Nechokumaodzanyemba Ukraine, North Caucasus uye muCentral Asia panguva matsutso yokuvhima shiri dzinotama kune vanhuwo zvihuta asati ava Fisheries, shiri uye munyu yemberi kushandiswa emiti. The zvachose hove yacho kuwa muGungwa Dema pemhenderekedzo Caucasus yakasvika zviuru zvakawanda zvidimbu. In Central Asia uye Caucasus achiri kwakapararira kunovhima pamwe zvikuru vakadzidziswa shiri rukodzi.

Chemical fetiraiza uye mishonga yezvipembenene kushandiswa muminda uyewo vakawanda chokunyengera, zvakakonzera unopinza kuderera kwenhamba zvihuta panguva.

Domestication zvihuta vakatanga anenge chiuru adarika muJapan, asi chete anenge zana apfuura, vakatanga kuti anoshandiswa yehuku indasitiri kugadzira mazai uye nyama. Kamwe akagadzawo inokwana vakadzi kusvikira gore rose zvihuta zai kwenheyo vakatanga ruminant shiri kuwedzera zai kugadzirwa. Nyika dzakawanda chamakamisa utariri inokwana 700-800 zviuru. kuzvitunha uye dzinosvika zvishoma mamiriyoni. Eggs pagore. Somugumisiro maberekero mitsetse yaiwana zai kugadzirwa, izvo dzakaparadzirwa munyika dzakawanda. In China, gore negore kugadzirwa anopfuura mamiriyoni 25. Misoro zvihuta.

In Russia Perepelovodstvo akatanga kukura nokunonoka - kubva 1964, apo World Exhibition pamusoro yehuku kugadzirwa uye experimental yehuku purazi akaunzwa VNIIPP 27 zvihuta. Gare gare, kubvira Japan akauya mumwe 1,000 zvihuta mwedzi zera. Ndicho ano mumhuri zvihuta - rakananga vazukuru vokuJapan. Zvinosuruvarisa, ari 60s, masayendisiti haana kuwanikwa chero nani kana tichienzanisa zvihuta sheche. Asi chokwadi, zvihuta tava nguva dzose akanga ari kubudirira kwavo. Kubvira kare, vakanga Anosungwa mumasango ari Kursk, Orel, Tula, Tambov uye Kharkov neyenyika. Fly zvihuta hakuna kunaka kwazvo, kumhanya kazhinji. We ndikavabata vanhu vanoverengeka. Most vakakodzera ndiye vangangodaro kutevedzera inzwi kweshiri, uye kuti anyengedze shiri pemambure.

Pari musika kukura mazai zvihuta mu Russia vanofungidzirwa kuva mamiriyoni 145. Bv. pagore zvihuta nyama 600 matani pagore. Over 70% wokutengesa zvinobva kumaguta makuru. On misha uye mumaruwa pamusana asingasviki 10%. Kana kuenzanisa uwandu musika vanokwanisa chavagari mazai zvihuta mu Russia iri pamusoro ka20 kuvatumwa kuJapan.

A sefungu kufarira zvihuta kuRussia akaonekwa mashoko okuwedzera pamusoro kukosha mazai avo rokuchinjwa vanhu kubatsirwa sei pakunzwisisa nemwaranzi mushure paChernobyl njodzi. Experience yavo kushandiswa yakanga yakarondedzerwa nemagazini "Ogonyok." Medics yakanyorwa havi normalization pavarwere, kunyangarika kuneta uye kurwadziwa mwoyo, kwakaderedza Zvichemo dzungu uye nosebleeds. Uyezve, muropa yevana experimental boka wakawedzera Chizenga kugutsikana, uye vari kuwedzera uremu. vanachiremba mutongo: kuziva mazai zvihuta zvinokosha mishonga chigadzirwa uye varumbidze navo kurapa vanhu pachena kuti radioactive nemwaranzi.

New riwedzere kuti bhizimisi akagamuchira maererano National chirongwa okukura okurima kwemauto, izvo Akakwezva Entrepreneurs mubhizimisi ichi.

Zvino perepelovodstva zvigadzirwa kupa Mapato ose vaburitsi okurima, kubva guru yehuku mumapurazi uye varimi oga nemhuri. Mutungamiriri chakakwana pakuburitswa ndiye Voronezh nharaunda, apo vatatu yehuku mapurazi hwake hafu yacho vachikwanisa. High zvinogona vane Krasnodar, Stavropol, Rostov, Samara uye Bryansk nharaunda, uye vamwe vakawanda.

Perepelovodstva dzose vatengi mishonga dzakawanda mapoka chipfuro:

• kushandisa kwezvikonzero zvokurapa. Chaizvo Mishonga uye muviri zvivako, uye akawedzera Kuwanikwa kwakaita kuti nouchapupu yakawedzera chidimbu;

• mwana zvokudya. The chidimbu akatanga munguva 90 pakurwisana colour mabhuku akawanda pamusoro chaizvo utility mazai zvihuta. It vakabatsira ichi uye kuti perepelovodstva zvigadzirwa kusiyaniswa kusavapo neutachiona uye diathesis zviratidzo kuvana, uyewo munhu digestibility wakanaka;

• muviri. Nokufamba kwenguva achangopfuura, kukoshesa mararamiro utano munyika, sezvo munyika dzakawanda dzakabudirira, mumwe chinhu chiri muviri.

mazai zvihuta zvinonaka zvakafanana huku. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kwavo kushandisa nguva mangwanani vasati vachidya mbishi kuwedzera simba, uye kushandiswa for 2-3 mwedzi anovandudza ezvinhu evanhu vane asima, tiibhii uye zvirwere kumwoyo. mazai zvihuta, kusafanana mazai dzimwe shiri, zvishoma remafuta akawandisa vakasununguka, uye saka yakarumbidza vakwegura. In tichienzanisa huku, rimwe zvihuta mazai ine zvakawanda 5 nguva potassium simbi 4,5 nguva, 2,5 nguva uye V² H¹ mavhitamini, uyewo zvinokosha yakawanda vhitamini A, phosphorus, cobalt, uye nicotinic acid. mazai zvihuta zvakawanda zvinokosha, uye mapuroteni tigutsikane. Zvihuta Mazai yakakwirira muviri uye Mishonga ukoshi uyewo nokuda chinokosha zviri zvakasiyana siyana kwemafuta uye mafuta-soluble mavhitaminzi iri Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nokuda zvikuru dzevanhu.

Zvihuta nyama zvakasiyana unyoro, kunaka uye juiciness. Muzvavanoda makemikari anoumba payo, uyewo mazai, anonzi chinokosha Mishonga uye delicatessen zvigadzirwa. Zvihuta nyama kuravira nani uye dzakapfuma huku, nyama yenguruve, uye nyama mavhitaminzi (A, H¹, V²), kuronda zvinhu (simbi, potassium, cobalt uye mhangura), uye zvinokosha amino acids.

Sarudza ...

Pari kusarudzwa mashoma mhando zvihuta hwokurara: machena, Farao British vatema uye chena zvihuta, uye VaNefirimu siyana kubva michinjikwa kuti dzinoita ivavo. The International kunyoresa bhuku zvihuta dzinoita uye mitsara yakanyorwa nhanhatu marudzi: michena Chirungu, Australian yeyero mashava, yendarama muchiManchu, smokingovaya uye Farao uyewo 60 akasiyana mitsetse. All, kunze rudzi Farao, izvo zvinoreva nyama, rinoshandiswa kugadzira mazai.

Zvihuta Muzvarirwo (dzomusango) - duku gallinaceous shiri ine muviri kureba 16-20 cm rairema kubva d hadzi kako 80 kusvika 150 vakarangana uye outputs nokuda 17- 20 mazuva. Kana dzaomeswa, manyana pakarepo dzinotanga Peck dyisa uye kukura nokukurumidza uye rechi40 zuva shiri vakura vane minhenga uye edza kubhururuka. Ndivo nyore ruchikonzera kuseri kweimba, kufungisisa wandei audzwa. Mugore, kunze mid-chirimo, zvokudya zvinofanira akavamba chirimwa zvokudya muchimiro miriwo yakachena, mbeu rekushongedzesa siyana; chirimo shiri nokushingaira kudya zvipembenene dzemugungwa akawanda. Munguva cellular kugutsikana ivo vane mwero asi yaityisa chaizvo chinhu nezvacho pakusarudza keji: kana yemapuranga keji kana keji pamusoro chakagadzirwa kana epurasitiki pajira riya jira. Muchitokisi pamusoro tireyi rakasaswa vakachena, zvakanaka kuomeswa remurwizi, rinoshandiswa kuti aiyanika achigeza shiri tupukanana. Vanongodya uye waterers mvura wakaiswa panze kuti kugeza mujecha kako havana kuzadza pasi dyisa uye mvura.

Kuwedzera kune vanhuwo zvihuta (anonziwo European) pamusoro munharaunda Russia mupenyu mbeveve, kana Japanese zvihuta, iyo ichiri dzakakurumbira Korea, kuchamhembe China, uye Japan. Of Japanese zvihuta maberekero uye dzinokosha mabwe hwokurara. Vanhurume vanoyera 110 kusvika 120 g, vakadzi paavhareji 138 g, mune zvimwe zviitiko anosvika 150, pasi batira iri rakatanga pazera mazuva 40-60 uye gore anogona kutakura 300 mazai kana kupfuura. Avhareji kurema 9-11 magiramu mazai. Undemanding kuti hurumende yevasungwa uye husingakwanisi vakawanda zvirwere. Kazhinji, zvinonzi akatunhidzwa Japanese zvihuta.

Farao zvihuta dzinoita ndezvaJehovha boka nyama dzinoita, plumage ruvara kwakafanana kuti ari Japanese zvihuta. Weight vakadzi paavhareji 235 g, aine siyana kubvira 160 kusvika 310g, apo vanhurume vanoyera kubva 160 kusvika 260, nhunzvi vanotanga mazai nokuiswa pazera mazuva 40-50, uye nokuti gore tiri mazai 220, ane guru 12 kusvika 18 magiramu. Izvi erudzi zvihuta akashandiswa kugadzirwa broiler zvihuta, mazuva 45 okuberekwa, vanogona kusvika mhenyu kurema 150-180 d

Japanese zvihuta, kusiyana zvikuru mhando, havazotadzi hunhu, muduku whimsical kuti incubation ezvinhu uye dzichifura. Dzavo uremu uye zai kugadzirwa hakusi zvikuru wakaderedzwa nokuda kwokushayiwa mapuroteni mune zvokudya. Uyezve, Japanese thermophilic zvishoma uye zvinodya zvishoma chikafu chete chairema goho.

On maonero panguva dzaichengetwa zvihuta zvakachinja zvishoma pane dzimwe nhengo murayiro huku. Aichinja zai kugadzirwa uye mhenyu uremu - zvihuta vane mhenyu kurema anosvika 30% yakawanda raidudzwa siyana nyama, zai kunorema kubudikidza 46% kupfuura madzitateguru yomusango. Asi vakafirwa kukwanisa kutiza, akarasikirwa mupfungwa kuti nesting uye mazai, havaungani pane zvipfuyo pashure maberekero, uye Chikurukuru - varasikirwa yechando yokumbozorora zvepabonde.

Zviri zvihuta.

Usati kutanga zvihuta unofanira kutanga gadziriro kwakavakirwa, mumakeji uye midziyo. Yehuku irambe pasi kana ari mumasero, asi imba kuva rakaoma, kudziya, inopenya uye yakachena. Aronga mazano siyana mira zvihuta yehuku nedzimba paddock, havaiti kusiyana vangasimudzira kwakajairika huku coops. Asi pane vamwe nuances kuti zvinoda kufungwa:

Inside kamuri parege kuva zvakaoma kusvika nzvimbo, nekuti zvihuta, kunyanya vechiduku mhuka, rudo kuti Akarovera kupinda ose makatsemuka uye dzimwe yakavandika nzvimbo. Ceiling pazasi 2 mamita hakungodiwi, zvihuta Kakawanda mapazi panguva kumhanya uye kuva nzvimbo yakakwana. Zviri nani kudhonza pasirin'i wakaisvonaka epurasitiki pajira riya. Floor weimba akafukidzwa jecha, peat kana Chips. Raida mabhokisi nejecha-Nhunzi nedota muvhenganiswa kuti dziome achigeza. Yakakomberedzwa weimba uye achifamba akachera muvhu kuti kudzika masendimita anopfuura 30. Kana achipinda mumba uye kuronga ngoma aviary, zvimwe frisky shiri yakayangarara pana rusununguko. Paddock uye pritemnyayut nzvimbo kure zvakananga chezuva.

Planting arambe achirema Akatsunga pachishandiswa kuti ari zvihuta vanoda nharaunda dzinenge 15x20 cm. Surplus sezvo nokushayiwa nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti vasanyanye zai kugadzirwa.

Zviri nyore kuchengeta zvihuta masero, kusiyana huku, vanonzwa zvakanaka vanonzwa, vari nyore kuchengeta uye osimudza mhuri, unogona kuponesa zvikuru nzvimbo, pombi dzemvura bhatiri masero. Nokudaro musi 1 sq.m anobvumawo 200-300 sheche uye kugamuchira kubva ichi Mini-purazi mazai 200-250 daily.

Masero anogona kuiswa munzvimbo furati, dura uye muzhizha zvakananga mubindu. Cell saizi Akatsunga yakavakirwa 120-150 ba. ona kuti shiri mukuru ose. The chimiro uye kukura masero zvinogona akasiyana chaizvo, asi zviri nani, Chokwadi, zvachose SE chakagadzirwa kwakakurudzira welded pajira riya nechinhu yakakodzera pajira riya saizi. masero ava nyore kuti ishande, nyore disinfect uye kwenguva yakareba. Nyore uye zvakakunakira zvikuru ari sero-module rakagadzirwa kwakakurudzira omarara afoot. Yepasi kukura ari vanongodya uye waterers mapazi ose mm anenge 30. Very nyore multi-mupanda sero whatnot. Inogona kuisa mufurati, uye mumba.

Vanongodya, kunwa nemikombe inogona zvinoberekwa, zvakakwana akakodzera uye akagadzirira Nehunde kuti zvishongo shiri. Izvi Vacuum vanongodya uye waterers, chakarembera vanongodya, dzokugezera, Mini-mumakeji kutakura shiri.

Zviri chinodiwa kuti uchiri aripo:

• psychrometer kuti tembiricha uye mwando rokudzora mumba uye mazai chenguva duku;
• bactericidal irradiator - nokuti disinfection of yehuku imba uye midziyo;
• Loof ultraviolet rambi mhando uye michini mhando galogennovuyu CG;
• Brooding amburera nokuti majaya;
• ovoskop kudzora mazai hatching.

Quail vakafirwa ari maitiro ose incubation, uye saka inoda imwe mazai chenguva duku. Kuratidza zvihuta inogona zvinobudirira kushandiswa huku dwarf dzinoita kana mumhuri hangaiwa, asi mazai chenguva duku akavimbika. Kana uchida huku mbiri kana nhatu chete, zviri nyore kuti kutenga navo chiziviso, pane kuedza kuona mumamiriro mazai chenguva duku. Izvi imhaka yokuti 3-5 Manyana akure zvakaoma chaizvo. Perepelyata hwakanyarara anzwe, kana vari vazhinji. Kana kako shoma, vachava nguva dzose svisvidza, uye zvichava nyore kuti kuvadzivirira mupfungwa uye rufu.

A mamwe mazano ...

ü tea To nani zvihuta vakatamira ichifamba uye kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu, Zvinokurudzirwa kutenga kwavari aine vhiki 6-8. Pakusarudza shiri, ongorora minhenga kumativi cloaca. Teerera kufema kwako, kana wheezing uye chinoridzirwa muridzo. Yehuku haafaniri kuva vakafutisa kana akanyanya mutete. shiri A utano ane rakachenuruka vaaleanpunainen Ruvara ganda riri mudumbu, yellow anotaura chiropa chirwere. The muromo inofanira kuva yakaoma uye pasina zvinobva-up. Pribolevshy usimbe shiri pamwe ruffled minhenga.

ü tea shiri New zvinofanira kuchengetwa kupatsanura varwere mbiri kana nhatu mavhiki akatanga zvavo aviary, muvhiki yokutanga vachava desoldering zvakanaka simba mhinduro kuti potassium permanganate.

Zvihuta vanofanira nokungwarira, zvinokurudzirwa kuenda aviary muduku kana keji, uyewo kukwira kupinda muchitokisi, kuitira kuti kushushikana mupfungwa shiri. Ndokusaka inokurudzirwa kushandisa otomatiki vanongodya uye waterers. Pamusana kwavari, kunogona kuva kwenguva refu kwete kunokanganisa shiri. Vari akaronga kana zvakazara kunze kana mukati, asi chero nyaya kunze muchitokisi iri kupomerwa.

Kuti zvenyu dzinovaraidza kugara yakatsvairwa uye kunzwa zvakanaka, unofanira kuita zvinoenderana zvimwe zvinhu zvihuta. Izvi, kupfuura zvose, tembiricha uye chiedza ezvinhu, uyewo achidyisa nepakati, mukuru-mapuroteni chikafu. Vamwe zvihuta nani undemanding shiri.

The kamuri umo masero vari chigadzirirwe zvihuta ngaave kana pasina mahwindo (mahwindo Hapana mubvunzo nani) asi kufefetedza zvakanaka, kupa matsva mhepo romugove (1 kg ose mhenyu uremu yehuku isina asingasviki 1.5 m³ / h muchando nguva uye 5 m³ / h noushamwari). kufefetedza kwakadaro kunongova zvakakodzera kunyatsodzidza Exchange zvihuta zvinhu. Asi panguva imwe chete ari mumba, chine zvihuta, panofanira kuva drafts, zvihuta navo kunyanya kugumbuka, mumwe zviratidzo drafts okutanga ari kurasikirwa minhenga shiri. Zvihuta kuva anenge kupfeka zai kugadzirwa kunodzikira uye inowedzera kufa.

Optimum tembiricha zvakanaka pasi 19-20 C bvumidzwa nokufamba kubva 18 ° 25 ° C. At kutonhora pazasi 16 ° C anogona vanodimbura hadzi oviposition. Shiri inorwadza kushivirira kutonhorwa, drafts uye chando, kubva kukudyira afe. Asi akarondedzera zviitiko zviri zvihuta yechando muna unheated mumakamuri ane tembiricha muchitokisi nharaunda iri kuwanda 5-12 C, uye nokudaro kuramba kutakurwa zvihuta.

Masikati maawa - chinokosha munhu zai kugadzirwa zvakanaka uye chinhanho zvihuta, uye panguva imwecheteyo pamusoro kamuri chiedza, asi rokurara chiedza zvinokuvadza - inopenya chiedza shiri rinouya mafaro uye vakandizvidza marongerwo. Enough kufukidza masero munzvimbo kushandisa incandescent kana fluorescent 40-50 W (MDC-40). Nokuti rutoto mazai chiedza anofanira anotungidza maawa 17, anofanira kuchengetwa muoti -. Jekeso ungadzoka pamusoro uye kudzima panguva imwecheteyo, mutemo uyu unoshanda mamwe mabasa ose - kudyisa, zai muunganidzwa, etc.

unyoro mumakamuri apo mukuru zvihuta, havafaniri kuva pasi 55%. Lower mwando kwenguva refu hunoita kuti vasanyanye kudya, uye, naizvozvovo, kuderera zai kugadzirwa, minhenga kuva pfava, zvihuta vachiva disheveled chitarisiko. Panyaya iyi mhepo inofanira moisturize chechikadzi kugeza nemvura uye akaisa mugaba nemvura vaporization. Kakawanda pane yakaderera mwando muzhizha kana ari zvakasimba kumira makamuri. Uyewo undesirably kuwedzera mwando pamusoro 75%. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mwando pamusoro 60-70% kuti zvihuta vemazera ose.

Nokuti mukuru zvibereko zvihuta vanoda zvizere dzichifura. Daily perepelyata vakaberekwa vashomashoma (kusvika 6 magiramu), asi kukura nokukurumidza, uye 2 months yezera, vanosvika uremu shiri vakura. Hwaro zvokudya nokuda zvihuta zviri zvokudya. Sezvo zvihuta zvakawanda zvikuru muviri uye vasiri maitiro uye Zvinoumba mhuka chikafu zvihuta ine peculiarities aro; inofanira kuva pakati nepakati, zvikuru calorific uye optimum mwero kukuya.

yakadzikama simba zvokudya zviyo zvinhu - chibage, gorosi, mapfunde, bhari. Maererano yakatsvuka mapuroteni - cake, keke, bhinzi uye chikafu mhuka mavambo (nyama uye mapfupa uye hove kudya, mukaka upfu). Zvihuta kudikanwa mapuroteni dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nezera.

100g kuti chikafu raiva: kwakafumuka proteina- 22% karusiyamu - 2; phosphorus 1.6 uye 0,6% yavaibvisa. Views Vatsvakurudzi siyana zvihuta kudikanwa kwakafumuka mapuroteni havabvumirani zvakasimba. Asi akawana kuti shiri anogona kutakura zvakawandisa mapuroteni, kana kuti kushaya vasina zvikuru, kukuvara mukati zvinotevera mitemo: vechiduku pakati pemakore mazuva 1 kusvika 30 zvinotora kubva 23 kusvika 26.7% kwakafumuka mapuroteni, kubvira 31 kusvika 46 Mazuva - 16-26%; go - kubva 20 kusvika 24%.

Nokuti kudyisa zvihuta rinoshandiswawo chikafu broilers uye PC-5 PC-6 navamwe yokuvirisa uye kufudza kuti zai-achiisa sheche vaduku rokutanga instar yokucheka mapuranga PC-2. Feeding kwevanhu zvihuta mukuru chinotanga 6-vhiki-kare, mukuru dzaifura inosimbisa ndofunga kuva zvishoma nezvishoma, nokuti mazuva 5-6.

In nokuiswa nguva zuva kudyiwa chikafu kusvikira musoro ndiyo 22-30 d Pachishandiswa ichi, tinogona ngaaverenge zvakakodzera kuchengeterwa kuti zvokudya yakapiwa aivapo nezvipfuwo papurazi. Somuenzaniso, apo zvirimo 100 zvihuta vakadzi nezuva inosimbisa kuparadzwa ndiko inenge 2.5-3 makirogiramu, saka mwedzi inosimbisa waida anenge 90 makirogiramu, apo nokuti nguva 2000-2300 achatakura mazai zvihuta.

Zvinogamuchirika inosimbisa zvinosanganisira 3 zvinoriumba, - chibage, chemombe (vhitamini A), furawa Sou uye zvakaenzana. Izvi zvinopa zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvakakwana Muviri zvihuta. Kuzadza yokushomeka mhuka zvokudya kunogonawo kushandiswa earthworms uye mazana ose mealworms, izvo nyore inoparadzirwa ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai. Mukuwedzera, yakanaka chinamatidzwa anogona kushumira (kwete wakawanda) tsvina yakachena kicheni uye akasvibira greenery, uye zvose zvinogona kupiwa shiri zvakawanda.

Zvokudya zvokudya zvose rakaoma uye nyoro mamiriro. The Zvinofungidzirwa kunwa paminiti mukuru shiri pazuva: zernomuchnyh inosimbisa - gorosi, bhari grits kana oatmeal - 12 d; mapuroteni - hove yakachena, minced nyama, chizi - 12 d; vhitamini - makarotsi, makabheji, lettuce, rukato uye mamwe zelen- pasina kukamurwa; zvicherwa - zai anoshongwa, choko - 3g. Zvinokwanisika kupa sunflower kana soybean kudya kana mukaka upfu (0.5g pazuva). Somunhu vhitamini wedzera zvihuta kupa grated makarotsi, maapuro, beets. Zvokudya zvose zvinofanira akapwanyika, ipapo kusanganisa zvakanaka. Mode zvokudya shiri akura 2-3 kanomwe pazuva, panguva imwe chete.

zvihuta zhizha kupa risingaperi nhamba wemakwenzi: miriwo, makabheji, beets, apila, chemombe, yorukato, lettuce, uye sipinachi. Zvihuta sezvinoita wakatemerwa voikukka hanyanisi, yorukato, yarrow, borage, Jerusarema artichoke. In yechando, shiri inofanira zvokudya hanyanisi kumera oats, mapfunde, gorosi, hanyanisi, ichava yakanaka kana Fudza zvavo akura mumba kana Salad mashizha Tradescantia. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mashoma kuchengeta maruva anosimwa mumba kuti vari zvihuta zvakanaka. Usapa zvihuta misoro madomasi, mbatatisi, milkweed, parsley, celery, parsley uye nightshade michero, zvose buttercup, tansy, zvakarungwa, zviyo Buckwheat hanyanisi, rye, lupine.

Quail zvikuru ikasakendenga shanduko inosimbisa, zvichiguma chete donhwe zai kugadzirwa. Bird anopindura kunyange kana chikafu kubva chirimwa, asi inochinja siyana inoshandiswa, zvarisingaverengeki mazai. Kureva kusvikira pakuguma yekare inosimbisa, iwe watova mutsva zvishoma, zvishoma nezvishoma tama shiri maro. Quail zvose zvinorwadza kushivirira chero inopinza chinja - chiedza, tembiricha, kudya kana zvokudya nguva, mutsindo.

Ndapota onai ...

ü tea Muvhangeri akura zvihuta iri uchiora uye anowira minhenga. Chikonzero tuchitsvaka kunogona kuva chiedza chinopenya, zvikuru kukudyira kana kushaya mavhitaminzi. Kana munhenga kurasikirwa hauna chokuita molting kana kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, izvozvo rinopupurira zvakaipa tembiricha ezvinhu.

nepfambi kunaka dzichifura anogona kutongwa nesimba eggshells uye shiri nhoko. Kazhinji nemarara gobvu magadzirirwo, nerima mune ruvara ane chena unhani pamusoro uric acid. Liquid mupfudze rima manyoro kana inclusions ropa inoratidza chirwere shiri kana chepfu patafura munyu. Yellow - chiratidzo zvakawandisa carbohydrate, uye vatema - zvimwe kubva zvakawandisa mapuroteni. Manyoka zvinobatsira oatmeal kana mupunga mvura pane mvura.

The chikuru zviri zvihuta dzichifura chinogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu:

• panguva yokutanga, pazera kubva 1 ST kusvika 7 fung zuva perepelyatam kupa inotonhorera hunovira uye mashed pamwe anoshongwa zvihuta kana huku mazai. Chokutanga ndechokuti zvinodiwa. Pazuva 2nd zuva upenyu eggfood kuwedzera chizi pa mwero 2 g pa shiri pazuva. Pazuva rechitatu zvinoita kusanganisira vari inosimbisa wakatemerwa miriwo itsva. Pazuva 4th zuva kuderedza zai zvokudya uye kuwedzera uwandu chizi. Zvihuta zvokudya 5 kanomwe pazuva;
• nguva rechipiri - kubva 2 nd it kusvika 4 th vhiki upenyu. Rinodya hwaro panguva inosimbisa ine 100 g vanenge 24-26% kwakafumuka mapuroteni uye 280 macalorie hwesimba exchange. Zvokudya 4 kanomwe pazuva;
• wechitatu nguva - 5-6 masvondo zvoupenyu. Panguva ino, zvihuta zvibereko chikafu shiri mukuru, asi huwandu kwakafumuka mapuroteni ipfupi kuna 15-17%, kuitira kudzivisa mangwanani kuyaruka, uye kukurumidza kutanga pasi, iyo zvichachinja pashure pamusoro nhamba uye uremu mazai. The zvachose Vhoriyamu yakapwanyika chezviyo inosimbisa zviyo inowedzerawo.

The feeder inofanira kugutsa chikafu kusvikira 2/3 ainyatsonzwisisa dzavo, sezvo zvihuta unoparadzira zvokudya.

Incubation mazai zvihuta, unogona kushandisa chero diki mhuri mazai chenguva duku "Universal" ezvinhu, "huku", tộc, naDr-F-03, uye vamwe. Inogona incubators izvi kakawanda raanotaura kwakavakirwa nhamba mazai, kureva unofanira kupa kuti zvihuta mazai kuburuka 4-6 nguva yakakura kupfuura huku. Zvisinei rudzii ane mazai chenguva duku, maindasitiri kana mukaravhani payo, inofanira kusvitsa zvimwe zvinodiwa: mudziyo vanofanira kuramba mashoko anodiwa tembiricha - 37-39 ° C, mazai kubvuta masimba anofanira kutora nzvimbo kwaita.

Nokuti hatching mazai vakadzi anoiswa nevanhurume ari nhamba 1: 2 - 1: 4 mhuri ane sezvamunoita rapera uye kusarudzwa hakuna kushanduka. Kana rutoto inoshandiswa uye kupatsanurwa varume nevakadzi. Panyaya iyi, iyo iyo boka richitora mazamu hadzi maminitsi 10-15 podsazhivayut kuti munhurume, zvino imwe nguva gare gare ichi wakadzokororwa nemumwe mukadzi, etc. mazai Saka nembeu iri 80% - kupfuura akasununguka pairing. In rutoto basa kuchengetedza yakakwirira nembeu mazai vakadzi uye varume kushandiswa 3 months, uye ipapo vachadzingwa kutsiva-mwedzi miviri duku zvihuta.

mazai Hatching vanofanira kuva dzose chimiro, ane kumeso penyika, paavhareji pigmentation, rairema mazai 9-11 d duku uye hombe kubudisa zvakaipa zvabuda ne incubation uye zvokurera. Kubva zvihuta nyama erudzi Farao mazai chenguva duku mazai achirema 12-16 d In dzinoongorora unhu hatching mazai zvinodiwa kudzidzisa pamusoro candling, riri nyore kuti kana 30% of mazai vari wakatsemuka mune goko nezvimwe zvikanganiso. mazai Dirty havasi kushambidzwa - anogona kuparadza nadskorlupnuyu firimu uye kuzadza nyika pores dzedenga kuchinja. Kugadzirira incubation pakati mazai akachengetwa anopfuura 7 days.

Mazai Fresh richanyura mumvura panguva mukamuri tembiricha, akwegura, pamwe yemhando mhepo yomukati kuyangarara. Best duku hadzi inobva nemakore 2-6 mwedzi.

Kudzora kukura embryo anogona kuva pamusoro candling. Chaiye kukura, kubudikidza mazuva 9,5 pakati zai embryo anogona kuonekwa muchimiro makwapa matema.

Pazuva rechi17 zuva perepelyata vanoshandura zai, tsotsonya zai goko pamusoro sekamufarenzi panguva widest chikamu. Mhedziso noushamwari uye kazhinji apedza mumaawa 4-6, kunyange nomumwe perepelyata kubva chete batch mangé uye zvinogona hatch mazuva 1-2 mushure chepuraimari goho. Kana zvakawandisa mwando Pip kunoitika muna kungopotsera chikamu zai, uye chicks pacharwo kazhinji havagoni kutiza goko. Kana zvinondiremera yakaoma mazai chenguva duku, goko podskorlupnye kuva kwakasimba zvikuru. Perepelenok muromo anovhunanya goko, asi kugona kubuda pairi. Kureva mwando - mumwe kiyi kubudirira zvinokonzera incubation. Pazuva rechi15 zuva incubation zai nani kufamba nenzira achitungamirira kamuri. Kako kubva mazai chenguva duku kushivirira nani maawa 10-12 chete pashure kushaya, kureva pazuva rechi18 zuva pashure nokuisa mazai.

Nekuti nhiyo anoiswa pasi mazai chenguva duku brooder, pamwe tembiricha 37.5 °, ayo ose 4 Mazuva akatura kuna 2 °, kune rechi20 mazuva zera, izvozvo yakaderera kukamuri tembiricha. Kana kako havanzwi vakasununguka, vanotanga svisvidza, boka kumusoro kana chando, uye kana zvose kubuda brooder - zvino kupisa.

In wokutanga mbiri kana nhatu chiedza kako uzere dzose nguva, ipapo zvishoma nezvishoma akaderedza kwaedza maawa kuti maawa 12-16 rimwe zuva.

Fed zvihuta mumazuva okutanga mana kanomwe pazuva Hard yakabikwa grated zai, pamwe kuwedzera milled chezviyo nezvakasanganiswa. Kubva pazuva rechipiri kupa remaonde ruomba hanyanisi-chinyoreso, kubvira pazuva rechitatu - grated twakadai, yorukato, hove yakabikwa rakaonda, mumwe multivitamin uye madonhwe mafuta hove shoma. Zvokudya anogona kupiwa sezvo yakaoma kana zvishoma nyoro. Feeder rakaiswa panguva mwero 1.5 masendimita pamupiro, vachinwa mbiya -. 1 masendimita For Kudzivirira perepelyatam kubva zuva akadira kupinda muchimwiro zvishoma vaaleanpunainen mhinduro kuti potassium permanganate muna yakabikwa nemvura, multivitamins mwero 1 donhwe pa 2 misoro. Very tikaita ikwidzwe decoctions wemakwenzi chamomil, calendula, plantain, yorukato, fennel. Spoon uswa 1 fő mvura iri kufashaira, vakauya mota uye tomyat maminitsi mashoma.

Chenjerera ....

ü tea Nezuva rorusere zvihuta vachikwegura vanonzi "hemp" - minhenga ramangwana uye kako kutarisa tsvina uye kunyorova, pane chido ndakavadzikinura, asi inotungamirira kurufu rwavo. Kunyange kana chicks iri zvakasimba zvakazorwa, soka ngozi.

ü tea Kazhinji, non-cellular zviri nemadhaka nemarara uye kufura makumbo zvihuta vakaumba corns. Haugoni kuedza muvakweve, kana akaomeswa, vanofanira kuva nokupfunha mvura inodziya, uye kogotochki ipapo zvakajeka chete. Zviri nani kudzivisa ichi, sezvo sklevyvanie, shiri pachavo nhoko dzavo. Saka nhiyo nani kubva zuva nenyika iri pajira riya pasi.

ü tea Perepelyata nyore kunyura mumvura saka vaida Vacuum zvimwiro. Pasi Vanonwa panguva ino inogona kutengwa mu-chitoro chaiyo cakes on the-dzibate magaba, izvo ndakagadza inverted regirazi chirongo kuvira mukaha mumarudzi cakes on the.

ü tea nomutoo unotyisa uye nguva yakavanzwa pasi pabepa kudanda, kazhinji kuwana chavasina ikoko. Very vainyara uye jumpy! Musarega mukana kupukunyuka kubva bhokisi. Regai kuisa shiri mumugwagwa pasina masero kuti vatevere hazviiti kuti kuvabata hakusi nyore, asi zvakasikwa achafa.

ü tea mwedzi Asati zvakanakisisa akuzungurei kuburikidza inosimbisa, kana zvose zvakafanana chicks ikavhunga zvokudya yakaoma, zvinokwanisika kuti amuedze kuponesa, zvinyoronyoro kusundwa chavasina chimedu zvokudya mumavhiki maviri okutanga oupenyu zvihuta nani uchidzidza zviumbwe akagadzirwa plywood nemapuranga 5 mm pakukura.

ü tea Regai poite nechisimba kurwara manyana. Kana chicks asingagoni kunwa oga, vachafa zvakadaro.

ü tea azvishambidze nhunzi dota-jecha bhati zvihuta vanofanira kuva nechokwadi, asi mazuva adarika pane 45 kwete kare.

ü tea Zvinoitika kuti manyana kubva brooder, kunzwa chando uye kusimbiswa, gara kwenguva refu munzvimbo ine kukwana kuti tembiricha. Unogona kuronga fence makadhibhokisi kana plywood sefa vari denderedzwa chinhambwe 1.25-1.5 M kubva kumucheto amburera brooder. Mune akakombwa nzvimbo kako achawana zvokudya uye mvura, iyo zvinokoshawo chaizvo. Nokuti mhuka duku zvinobatsira chaizvo ultraviolet uye michini nemwaranzi.

Kana shiri dzinochengeterwa mazai, ipapo wemwedzi, unogona kushandura kuva chikafu paakapa sheche, zvichiri isingadhuri kugutsikana. Quail kumhanyira musha 9-11 mwedzi, uye ipapo vari yakakodzwa uye vakaurayiwa zvokudya.

Kako nekuti nyama kuurayirwa pazera 4 mavhiki, kana unogona kare kusiyanisa vanhurume kubva vanhukadzi. Kazhinji kune zvitunha vakanga fatter ezvinhu, pre-dzakakodzwa shiri, otsazhivaya mumwe kana vaviri vhiki muchitokisi zvasvibiswa uye upinde kudya pamwe akabika matapiri.

Ndezviya ...

ü tea zvihuta mudumbu dzichimhanya kupfuura huku uye pheasants. Pashure 24 H incubation ari zai perepelenok anobata kukura 30-awa huku. The-zuva shanu zvihuta tuvana kusangana-zuva matanhatu pavhiki huku uye pheasant.

• ü tea Precocity zvihuta kaviri dzakakwirira kupfuura Peking Dhadha, uye yakakwirira katatu kupfuura tsuro. Full kutenderera Bookmarks mazai ari mazai chenguva duku kusvikira wokutanga zai kubva wechiduku zvihuta mazuva 40-66 chete.
• ü tea Kana mhuka zvihuta vanomhanyira kunovanda kuseri kwavanaamai rinotanga mumwedzi wechigumi nemiviri, zvipfuwo huku pamusoro wechitanhatu, musha zvihuta - panguva yechipiri.
• ü tea With zvakanaka dzimwe sheche mazai pazuva maviri.
• ü tea Five zvihuta vari mugore iroro nhamba mazai kurema sechinhu huku, asi vari kukura katatu mhanyisa, uye kufudza paminiti chairema muviri uremu kunoda zvishoma.
• U The Japanese zvihuta ari kuparadzirwa vari panzvimbo rechipiri shure broiler. Meat zvihuta zvibereko zvakasiyana-siyana zvomumagaba zvokudya. About dzakakurumbira sei shiri iyi, ndechokuti mazai aro dzinotengeswa imomo, kunyange newsagents.
• ü tea Quail mazai zvinoshandiswa mune bio-indasitiri. Dzivisa-leukemic zvirwere uye sarcomatous kuvapo pakugadzira vanoshingaira yomuchipatara kubvumira kushandisa pasina kutya zvihuta mazai mune mbishi chimiro.

List epakanyorwa:

Zadorozhna LA Perepelovodstvo. - P27 M:. CHIMWE CHINHU; Donetsk: Stalker 2005

Small asi rinokosha .// remubatanidzwa / CHANNEL hozyaystvo.- 2000.- № 4

Formula nokuti perepelovodstva // Meat bhora / Ptitseprom.- 2010.- № 4

Marinchenko Te