Zvinofananidzira - iri ndeyokufananidzira muchiGiriki

"Zvakanaka, iwe uye Plyushkin!" - tinoti miser, ave kuunganidza zvose zvemarudzi zvisingakoshi zvinhu chete nokuda hoarding. Kana, "Ndiko makasimbiswa," - pamusoro benzi uye akasindimara. Patinoona mufananidzo enjiva dzinodzengerera, tinonzwisisa kuti tiri kutaura pamusoro kuchena uye sublimity kwomudzimu, Judhasi - pamusoro kumutengesa, mumwe mukadzi ane chivharo chekumeso uye chikero muruoko rwake - pamusoro kusasarura uye zvakaenzana. Uye hatidi kunyange kufunga nezvokuti matauriro uye vanoziva kukumbira kwakadaro pfungwa sezvo zvinofananidzira. Izvi kana chinhu chaihwoihwo uye chaihwoihwo iri chinopfuudzwa muchimiro imwe mufananidzo, mifananidzo kana chaiko. Pashure pezvose, takadzidza kubva muBhaibheri kuti Judhasi akatengesa Kristu uye nokusingaperi kuva nzira kunyengera uye hwaakatengeswa, mashoko vakadzidza kubva rengano kuti gava - riri nzira, netsuro - vanotya, uye zvichingodaro.

MuchiGiriki allegoria (zvinofananidzira) - iyi zvinofananidzira. Tinogona kunyora, "Pharmacy", uye anogona kumirira mbiya ine nyoka, mune ichi uye mune imwe nyaya, mumwe nomumwe vachanzwisisa chii shure musuo uyu, asi chokutanga chisarudzo rectilinear, uye wechipiri - zvinofananidzira.

Kokutanga pfungwa iyi yakapiwa munyika akadhindwa pakati Cicero uye ekunyebera Longinus, pamusoro unyanzvi ari mumiririri. KuMiddle Ages zvakanzi vaidavira kuti zvinofananidzira - ndicho chimwe tsika, izvo zvinofanira hazvo nhaka chero mifananidzo kana mabhuku basa. Uyewo, zvakanga aifanira kuva chaiyoiyo, tsika uye dzidzo dzakanaka.

Dimikira iri mabhuku raishandiswa chaizvo chaizvo uye munguva yakawanda yakazotevera. Somuenzaniso, Roman Gogolya "Vakafa Mweya" uzere ndeyokufananidzira kutaurwa: Plyushkin Kamudzira Sobakevich, mhino - mumwe nomumwe wavo chikuru chiratidzazvizhinji chero kuremara kana munhu Somuenzaniso, imwe nesimba kurova hunhu husina: pfuma, usimbe, tsika uye zvichingodaro ..

Kune Genres yose, izvo kazhinji yakavakwa pamusoro zvinofananidzira akashandisa mifananidzo: ngano, rungano, mufananidzo. Muka usiku ose wechishanu mudzidzi giredhi uye bvunza: "Chii ngano?" Zizi Fox "," - "On runonyengera uye maturo" - otraportuet nyanzvi uye zvakare vigai mugumbeze. Asi mangwanani, nokungwarira achipukuta maziso ake, iye achakuzivisai pamusoro Saltykov-Shchedrin yake "hove vakachenjera", uye rookeries Gorky yakapusa PENGUIN vakashinga Rukodzi, petrels, dema mheni akafanana. Kana pedyo kumwe icharatidza mwana muduku, zvingadarowo kuisa emibvunzo: - "The Power, nenhetemwa, namano!" - "A Bere?" - "Kutsamwa, bloodthirstiness, silliness!" - "Fox?" "Bear?" - "The wemanomano, kunyengera, kunyengera!" - "Mazvita! Chengeta kendi! "

Saka kuti kunyange vana vaduku munonyatsoziva, kuti ndiyo zvinofananidzira. Zvinonzi pamuviri kubva mumabhuku okutanga chaizvo, chidzoyi inoratidza yekare cartoons.

Chero mhando ounyanzvi akaita, kuwedzera mabhuku, tinoberekwa kushandisa nzira iyi sezvo zvinofananidzira? Kupenda, Chokwadi, chivezwa, Graphics, dzimwe Genres youpfu hwemashiripiti, zvose chekare uye ano.

Muenzaniso wakanaka pano inogona chivezwa "The Bronze webhiza" muSt Petersburg. Pamusoro penyika sefungu anomuka chevaux Peter inopisa bhiza racho mahwanda kuuya nyoka. Wave - ndiro chinhu zvaifanira kukurirwa kuitira kuvaka guta (the marshy pamhenderekedzo Neva River), nyoka - zvipingamupinyi uye zvinetso kuvandira ari danho dzose muvandudzi, bhiza - Russia, Achinetseka zvakagadzirwa uye zvinofungwa mutongi wake.

The ndeyokufananidzira kupenda kuti zvakanaka mubato vemifananidzo dzakawanda: Raphael, Botticelli, Titian, Rubens nevamwe vazhinji.