Acute myeloblastic leukemia

Acute leukemia chirwere chehematopoiesis system, iyo inobva pakuwedzera kusingaperi kwemakumbo masero, ayo ari morphological substrate. Acute myeloblastic leukemia maererano nehuwandu hweFAB yakakamurwa kuva zvinomwe zvakasiyana. Chikamu chinotarisana nehutano hwekusiyanisa kwemasero anomiririra substrate yeukemia. Kutinhira kwemakumbo ememibhedhi kunotangira kubva mumasero emasero, ayo anogona kukwira kumapoka emaseroidyo, megakaryocytes, erythrocytes, macrophages.

Mhando dzakawanda dzinowanikwa maM0-M3. Pamwoyo yekutanga kwekutanga masero asina kusiyaniswa. Sarudzo M2 yakasiyana nemasero. Kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kweM3-promyelocytic kunoratidzwa nemasero asina kukwana ane giant granules. M4 uye M5 ndiyo myelomonoblast uye monoblast leukemia. M6 - erythromyelosis, ine kuparadzirwa kwakanyanya kwemasero eerythroid. M7 ndiyo megakaryoblastic leukemia. Pamarudzi ose akasiyana-siyana ane acute myeloblastic leukemia, kufungidzira kwakanakisisa kune M0-M2.

Etiopathogenisis of leukemia

Chii chinonzi myeloblastic leukemia? Pamwoyo wechirwere ndiko kuwedzerwa kwemasero kuchinja-chinja, izvo zvinoitika pasi pesimba rekunze kwezvinhu (radiation, mavairasi, makemikari) uye zvakagadziriswa kuhutachiona hwemajeni. Somugumisiro, pane tumarara masero anokwanisa kupatsanurana kusagadzikana. Vanoumba chikamu, icho, uyewo, kuburikidza nekushandura kwekudzokorora kunoita kuti kuwedzere kune zvikamu.

Tumorome masero anoramba achiumbwa mumapfupa emapfupa, achikuvadza uye achidzinga mishonga yakawanda yehematopoiesis. Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinopinda muropa rekunze uye kugadzirisa zviratidzo kune nhengo, dzichiwedzera mamwe mapoka ehemopoiesis. Myeloblastic leukemia inoumbwa nehutano hwechipatara.

Kliniki yeAicuteous myelogenous leukemia

Nemhaka yekushungurudzika kwemazuva ose ehematopoiesis, chirwere chemahyamu chinowedzera kune varwere, nhamba yeeutrophils yakakura uye maplatelets inowedzera kuderera. Zvinotyisa zvekutambudzika. Kushaya simba. Kune zviratidzo zvekubuda ropa: kuora kwepachiganda uye mucous membrane, kuwedzera kubuda ropa panguva yokuenda kumwedzi, nosebleeds. Kune marwadzo mumapfupa, kuwedzera mumakirini emakungu akasiyana-siyana. Iyo spleen uye chiropa zviri kuwedzera. Pamusana pekutyora kwebasa re leukocytes, kuderera kwehutachiona, chirwere chinonzi myeloblastic leukemia chinopfurikidza nekubatanidzwa kwezvirwere. Kazhinji inoratidzira kunge angina yakaoma.

Mune zvikamu zvekupedzisira, zviratidzo zvekusava nekushaya kukwana uye zviratidzo zvehutano zvinogona kuiswa.

Mune maitiro ayo anowanikwa myeloblastic leukemia anopfuura zvikamu zvezviratidziro zvakagadziriswa, kuregererwa, kudzokera zvakare. Mukana wekusava neutano, inoguma nechokugadzirisa. Zvikamu zvechirwere zvinoratidzirwa nezviratidzo zvekurapa uye imwe mararamiro eropa uye marora emapfupa.

Kuongororwa kwekemukemia

Acute myeloblastic leukemia yakavakirwa pamagetsi ekuongorora masero emasero anomiririra substrate, uye immunophenotyping - kugadzirisa myeloid cell markers. Nzira dzakanaka dzekucherechedza masero emasero pakusarudza rudzi rwemaperembudzi dzinopiwa huwandu hunokosha, kunyange huri kuramba huchishandiswa.

Dzimwe nguva nzira yekuongorora inonzi genotypic inoshandiswa, inobva pa polymerase chain reaction. Vanoshandisa iyo kuronga kusara kwezviratidzo zvechirwere mune varwere mune imwe nyika yekuregererwa.

Kufananidzira kweAucute myeloblastic leukemia hakunakidzi kudarika yea acute lymphocytic leukemia. Kusvika ku75% yevarwere vane kurapa kwakakwana vanoenda kuregererwa. Iko kune dhiyabhorosi pamusoro pemishonga ye20% yevaya vakawana kuregererwa apo vachienderera mberi nekurapa kwakanyanya. Migumisiro yakavimbiswa inowanikwa nefupa remarapa ekutengesa.