Aleksey Yakovlevich Kapler: upenyu nyaya uye Biography

Kapler Aleksey Yakovlevich - Soviet screenwriter, mutambi, mutungamiriri uye mushamarari. Akaberekwa ari mumhuri yechiJudha muzvinabhizimisi akapfuma uye, zvinopesana zvido zvababa vake, akatanga achiita pachikuva. Yaaizofanira kuva mwanasikana yokutanga anodiwa Stalina Svetlany Alliluevoy uye pakupedzisira rudo matarenda poetess Yulia Druninoy. "Cinema" ake akanga pakati zvikuru nevanhu epaTV terevhizheni Soviet, uye mafirimu pamusoro raakashandisa, muri ounyanzvi National cinema.

Birth uye mhuri

Aleksey Yakovlevich Kapler akaberekwa musi waSeptember 28, 1903 (maererano kumwewo - 1904) muKiev, mumhuri yakapfuma yevaJudha. Pakuzvarwa akapiwa zita Razaro, asi gare gare Akashandura nayo. baba vomukomana yaiva yakakurumbira Kiev musoni Kapler Yakov Naftalievich. In Studio ake, iri kumashopu, vapfeke ose marefu nzanga wokuUkraine guru. Kapler masterly vakasonanidza nguvo ipi kunzwisisa. mhando ake vakagamuchira pamusoro mibayiro pa kuratidzira dzakawanda. Kuwedzera Studio, James Naftalievich aiva mumwe zvakanakisisa muKiev bhati sangano, apo zvaigoneka kwete chete kuti anodziya, asiwo kushambira mudziva kana kutora simba yokugezera. The pfuma enterprising musoni vaivawo zvokutengeserana kwakavakirwa, raakanga vakahaya kunze hotera "Ziyoni" uye kunyange sinagoge diki.

chido mitambo

Yakov Kapler wake Raisa Zaharevna aitarisira kuti Razaro achaenda makwara ake yababa uye mberi bhizimisi mhuri. Zvisinei, basa kutyira pamusoro mwanakomana wavo muduku. Back chesekondari iye zvinonyatsoda yemitambo Arts, uye akatanga kurota pamusoro nokuita basa. Pamwe chete neshamwari chikoro uye akatiza, akavanda seri vashoma mumakwenzi pamahombekombe ari Dnieper, akanga vachirondedzera mutambo Kapler Aleksey Yakovlevich. Vana akatapa kuita zvokuti muna 1917, pakarepo pashure pokuchinja, ivo akavamba yemitambo yavo duku pachavo inonzi "Harlequin". mwanakomana Mazano akanga kare akakwanisa kuchinja zita uye vakatendeukira kuna Alexis. Nezvakanakisisa uduku shamwari Grishka Kozintsev uye Serozhey Yutkevichem, uyo akazova anozivikanwa kwokufananidzira mabhaisikopo Soviet, Alexei Kapler akaratidza vanoiona chidzoyi zvinoratidza kwakavakirwa Pushkin kuti nhetembo.

Yokutanga matanho pachikuva

Beginners mummers aiziva kuti muKiev, havagoni vabudirire zvinobatsira hope, uye nokukurumidza vakasarudza kutamira Petrograd. Pano muna 1921, Kapler, Yutkevich Kozintsev uye akasimbisa fekitari yacho eccentric mutambi (FEKS) iyo Leonid Trauberg akabatanidzwa nokukurumidza. Zvesimba ari richangobva kugadzwa yemitambo Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo dzenhoroondo nezvinobvamo. Zvinomiririra Kiev vatambi akazara zvinosetsa, sekasi mazano nhamba uye siyana, zvakaguma nokukurumidza pachena kufarira.

Kapler Aleksey: basa mutambi uye mutungamiriri wacho basa

Kwapera makore mashomanana ari Fax wacho, Lucy Kapler (sezvo Alexei shamwari inonzi) aifanira kurega mumafirimu maviri. The "Ferris Wheel ', akasikwa 1926, iye akaita inodzokororwa uye anenge imperceptible basa. Zvegore, wechiduku mutambi uyo rakaita zvinokosha munhu Gogol kuti "The jazi." Ndapedza basa pamusoro mafirimu, Kapler akaodzwa mwoyo iri nokuita basa. Aida kusika mafirimu avo, kwete kudzokorora kunyorwa vatorwa basa magwaro.

Muna 1927 takatamira Odessa uye anoita mubatsiri akakurumbira Director Alexander Dovzhenko firimu "Arsenal". Zvisinei, refu vanofamba kune vabatsiri chinzvimbo Aleksey Yakovlevich Kapler vakasagona. Muna 1930, akabvapo sezvo mutungamiriri firimu yake yokutanga, "The kodzero mukadzi", uye gore rakatevera akabudisa vanodzungunyika yake yechipiri firimu "Mine uri 12-28." Asi Lyusyu Kaplera shungu mwoyo kwakamirira: zviremera zveSoviet akarambidza kuratidza zvose vake Kumutungamiriri basa. Panyaya iyi, firimu "Kodzero mukadzi" akanzi dzakaora nemhaka yokuti yayo huru hunhu akasiya murume wake, izvo kumutadzisa kudzidza panguva Institute.

Asvika Kubudirira

Mushure kurambidzwa mafirimu haana kukanda mapfumo Kapler Aleksey Yakovlevich. Biography ake zvinoratidza kuti aiva munhu anokosha achida uye kashoma mwoyo nokuda chaicho. Akundikana muna vanotungamira, Kapler akatanga kudzidza kupupura screenwriter. In munda uyu Nadya Yakovlevich kutarisira kubudirira kusingaenzaniswi. Nokuti screenplays ake nokuda firimu "Lenin muna October" uye "Lenin muna 1918" muna 1941, akanga paakavapa ari zvakakurumbira Stalin Prize. Gare gare Kapler aiva mumwe yakakurumbira vanyori Soviet. Akashanda ari mafirimu akadai "Kotovsky", "Nokuti showcase kuti chitoro", "Striped ndege", "Amphibian Man", "The Blue Bird" uye zvichingodaro. D.

Pakutanga hondo, uchisangana Svetlanoy Alliluevoy

Mumakore 30 paitonga Stalin udzvanyiriri nayo vakatambura vazhinji vamiririri intelligentsia Soviet, asi havana kubata Kapler. Vakagamuchira hurumende Award repamusoro, akava mumwe vashoma vaigona kunzi Mudikamwa werombo rakanaka. Asi hazvina kutora nguva refu. Pakutanga Guru Patriotic War Nadya Y. akaenda mberi sezvo hondo tsamba. Muna November 1942, akadzokera Moscow uye akakokwa mwanakomana Stalin kwakaita Vasily kupati yakatsaurirwa kuna musi unoenderana October Revolution. The mhemberero yakanga wakapindwa-makore 16 mwanasikana mutungamiriri vanhu vose Svetlana Alliluyeva. Screenwriter, uyo akanga atova akatendeuka makore 39 okuberekwa, aiva wechirume ari musikana, uye akati kwaari pakudzoka. Zvisinei, kuti tichingamidze mwanasikana yakadaro nechinzvimbo chepamusoro munhu kwaisava nyore. Light haana akabuda mumba unaccompanied, uye munyori akamanikidzwa kutyaira kwake kuratidzira, mabhaisikopo uye mamiziyamu pasi pokudzora nevarindi.

Nokuti muduku Alliluevoy Roman pamwe Kapler aiva wokutanga kunzwa kwakakomba, nokuti iro akanga achida kubayira zvose zvaanazvo. Alexei Yakovlevich ndisati pamwe Svetlana aiva shure imwe mukuru uye vaviri vehurumende muchato. Mumakore 1921-1930 akanga akaroora kuti mutambi Tatyane Tarnovskoy. Kubva muchato uyu akakura mwanakomana Anatoly. Mushure kurambana, akagara kwenguva nevezera rake Tatiana Zlatogorovoy, akanga ari ukama mutambi Galinoy Sergeevoy. Asi kwenguva Kapler rwakatambanudzwa uye kubwinya gamba-anoda, iye chaizvoizvo kudanana mwanasikana Stalin vake. Iye madly Akafarira mukadzi uyu aizvininipisa uye vakadzidza, uye aisagona kuita chinhu nemanzwiro avo.

kusunga

Alexei Kapler uye Svetlana Alliluyeva Ya haana kucherechedza zera musiyano uye vanonzwa zvikuru kufara. zvisingawanzoitiki ravaiita mhosva zvachose, asi Stalin, ndaziva pamusoro mwanasikana mukuru mukomana wacho, akapinda nehasha. On mirairo yake muna 1943. Kapler akasungwa achipomerwa mukusora nokuti United Kingdom. Mhosva dzenhema, akatongerwa 5 makore mutirongo akatuma kushumira mutongo wake kuVorkuta. Svetlana zvakare kubva baba vake guru achikurovai, uye gore akazoroorwa shamwari mukoma wake Gregory Morozov. Over hwose, Svetlana aiva 5 Varume yepamutemo, asi munhu wavo vakasarangarira mu netsamba dzake dzakadai ushamwari, sezvo ake anoda kutanga Kapler.

upenyu Jeri, rudo Valentine Tokarski

In Vorkute Aleksey agadzirise kwazvo vachifara. The wadheni pamwe tsitsi yakakurumbira filmmaker uye akamubvumira kuenda muguta mujeri. Aleksey Yakovlevich Kapler aishanda yomunzvimbo pikicha yezvirwere, uye munguva yake ndisina nguva akanyora zvakawanda uye kufunga upenyu. In kuVorkuta, akasangana navo akakurumbira Soviet mutambi Valentina Tokarski, aishumira mutongo nokuda chokwadi kuti pakutanga hondo yakanga akabatwa vokuGermany uye, kuti vararame, akabvuma pamwe navo. Pavaiva muutapwa, munyori akamukumbira kuti aroorwe naye uye akapiwa mvumo yacho mhinduro. Tokarskaya ijeke mujeri mevhiki Alexei Yakovlevich kunyange akadzura akamubudisa loop, kana nguva mwoyo mukuru, akaedza kuzviuraya.

Muna 1948 yakaguma mutongo Kapler. Iye zvakasimba zano haana kudzokera Moscow uye kugara kure Alliluyeva. Nadya Y. uye haana kufunga kutsvaka misangano mwanasikana Stalin, asi akasarudza kuenda guru, kuti kubva kuenda Kiev kunoshanyira vabereki vake. Sezvo paakangova muMoscow, akasungwa zvakare uye mumwezve akagadzira nyaya akatumirwa kumusasa mumusha Inta. Ichi nguva Kapler ndisina nyasha. Pamwe nevamwe vasungwa, akashanda zvakaoma kwangu. Chete rudo vakasara kuVorkuta Valentine Tokarski kwakamubatsira vapone dzakaoma. Rakatarisana mukadzi waaida, aidavira kuti zuva richauya vachava zvakare nokusingaperi kana.

Uchisangana Julia Druninoy

Muna 1953 akafa Iosif Stalin, uye Kapler, kufanana nevanhu vakawanda vasingafariri naye, akanga akashaya akasunungurwa. Kamwe vakasununguka uye Tokarskaya. Pandakangosvika Moscow, vanoda nyaya kushanda kuna Registrar, uye nokukurumidza akava mudzimai pamutemo. Nadya Y. akatanga zvakare kunyora mumanyoro, mukadzi wake akakokwa nyeredzi firimu. Asi mufaro mumhuri dzavo havana kuuya. Muna 1954, ivo Kapler-makore 50 akanzi adzidzise panguva Higher Courses evanyori manyorero panguva Union of cinematograph. Mumwe vadzidzi vake aiva muduku asi nechekare inozivikanwa poetess Yulia Drunina. Vose panguva rudo havana kusununguka uye kwenguva refu nguva kuedza kukurira pakarepo ine mafungu manzwiro kwavari. Asi rudo yakahwina, uye muna 1960, vakarambwa nemumwe wake, Alexei Kapler naJuria Drunina akaroora.

Pamusoro nganonyorwa munyori uye mudetembi akati yose Moscow. Lovers kubva munhu haana kuvanza manzwiro ake, havatongoregi vakaona mumwe norudo uye paruzhinji zviitiko zvose akazviratidza pamwe chete. Drunina vakazvipira murume zhinji nhetembo akanaka, uye iye kwemakore vaigara naye, akanyora manyorero yake yakanakisisa.

Jobs in pamatanda

Muna 1966 akaenda kushanda TV presenter mupurogiramu "Cinema" Aleksey Yakovlevich Kapler (mufananidzo kubva yakatarwa pazasi). Akamira pakati navo. Charming, inopenya uye anokwezva, Kapler kumbobvira verenga rugwaro papepa, uye haana kuita chiso chakakomba pamberi kamera. Akanga zvazvinobatsira, achiti zvavanofunga, uye musatya kubvunza vaenzi mibvunzo kwete chaizvo mune Studio. Nadya Y. akava kufarira kunoisa mamiriyoni evanhu Soviet. "Cinema" ake akatarira kunyange vaya vasinganyanyi kufarira cinema. The undisputed mutungamiri wepurogiramu aiva pamberi 1972

rufu

Alexei Kapler naJuria Drunina ndave ndakaroorwa kwemakore 19. Zvinosuruvarisa, havana kuva vana pamwe chete. Okupedzisira makore ake ari munyori takarwara kenza raakatorwa akafa September 11, 1979, vasati inotevera rokuzvarwa isingasviki mwedzi upenyu,. Nadya Y. akaviga pamusoro munharaunda Starokrymsky kumakuva, riri pamusoro pechikomo Kuzgun-mudariki muCrimea. Heino guva Yulii Druninoy, uyo akafa muna 1991.