Alfred Garrievich Shnitke - a munyori shasha

Nesimba mushandi - ndiye Alfred Schnittke. Nziyo zvakasikwa naye, pamwero mukuru uye hombe nhaka yayo. Munyori aiva nesimba pamusoro zvose: operas uye ballets, orchestral mabasa, firimu mumhanzi, mukamuri uye choral mabasa. Anotaura nesu mutauro ano, kuramba nhaurirano inoenderera nezvinotaurwa vaiona kuva chaiwo.

Family uye Childhood

Mhuri akaberekwa Alfred Garrievich Shnitke (1934 - 1998), chaiva chokwadi. Baba - muJudha German kubva Liepaja, mai vake - mukadzi German. Nokuti zvose mutauro waamai yakanga German, ivo aifarira kutaura mumwe pamba. Multilingualism zvaiva zvakajairika nhengo dzose dzemhuri. Uye nokuti muduku Alfred, uye munun'una wake uye hanzvadzi, uye mbuya, uyo akanga vaita tsvakurudzo uye shanduro kubva German kupinda Russian ndiEzekieri. Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, baba vangu, Harry V., akashanda muSoviet Army. Uye pashure pehondo akanga atumwa kuti dzomupepanhau muVienna kwemakore maviri. The yeAustria guta yagara rimwe marimba nzvimbo dzenyika. In ezvinhu akazadzwa mumhanzi, akatanga ake Musical dzidzo ramangwana munyori Alfred Garrievich Shnitke.

Kudzoka kuna USSR

Kana basa kunze haasisiri, vabereki vakagara muMoscow uye vose vakatanga kushanda mumapepanhau dzinobudiswa German, yainzi "Life New". Kunyange zvazvo vabereki mabhuku Soviet akashandurirwa German, uye Alfred aigona kupedza chikoro, uye Moscow Conservatory uye kudzidza chikoro. Muna 1960, Alfred Garrievich Shnitke vakabvuma kuti Union of Vanyori. Pashure paizvozvo, akatanga kudzidzisa kuti Conservatory, apo akadzidza. Saka, ndichinzwa kuti ichi hachisi kukwana, akatanga kunyora nziyo mafirimu. Zvakakodzera kuratidza basa rake aine mukuru mukuru Larisa Shepitko, Starring chokwadi uye rinotyisa hondo firimu "Simuka" (1976). The husingaperi dingindira yokusavimbika uye chibayiro kwakaratidzwa mumhanzi, hwakasikwa maererano Alfred Garrievich Shnitke, vakazadzwa nenhamo uye zvitendwa uye richibatanidza navo zvakadzama zvepfungwa uye zvebhaibheri misoro. Izvi akabvumira wekambani uye vatambi zvakazara dzinoratidza mutambo Vasilya Bykova. Kazhinji, zvakanyorwa nziyo anopfuura makumi matanhatu mafirimu, uye mabasa akawanda. Muna 1989, Alfred Garrievich Shnitke vachagamuchira mubairo "Nika" nokuti "Commissioner" mumhanzi nokuda firimu. Akashanda chete zvatinogona vatungamiriri, ane mafirimu pamwe Alfreda Shnitke mumhanzi anova chiitiko: Andrew backer - "Crew", Andrey Smirnov - "Autumn", Elem Klimov - "Vangheri". Quotes uye misoro kubva firimu mumhanzi munyori akashandisa kusika konzati zvidimbu.

rwemuchato

kuroora Galina Koltsinoy First akanga pfupi (1956 - 1958). Asi muchato rechipiri akafara uye azere maererano. Vaviri ava vakaonana somudzidzisi uye mudzidzi. Uye, senguva dzose, mudzidzisi kudanana. Pashure nechokwadi Irina Kataeva muna 1961 yokuroora rakanyoreswa. Pianist uye Munyori vakabatana dambudziko ravo. By nguva ino akatanga kukudziridza yakasiyana werudzii munyori.

mavambo mimhanzi

Munyori sowakajeka kugona zvose zviripo Genres ano. A simba tarenda uye kushingaira kukuru akabatsira kuumba kuwanda mabasa: operas uye ballets nokuda pachikuva, orchestral mabasa. Kusanganisira basa rake kuuya dzekare gwara, chains-garde, chorales, waltz, Sora rinowawa, jazz. Asingatyi akabatana rimwe basa siyana unyanzvi uye manyorero nzira. Zvaiita zvakasiyana Zvisinei, ari kungotaura dzinokatyamadza vateereri, sezvakaitika kuna "Symphony First". Gare gare mamwe uchinyatsobatanidzwa aibatanidza mu "Requiem" uye Piano Quintet. Nokuti vakasimba Schnittke, uye vakawanda mabasa zvakanyorwa okupedzisira makore 13, apo munyori airwara (nesitiroko), inozivikanwa nokushandisa Baroque motifs, Zvisaririra dzakakurumbira music, pamwe Association mimhanzi German dzenhoroondo. Asi zvose izvi - kwete mugumo pachawo, sezvo dzinongoitika sezvo kufema, kuonana mumhanzi kubva eras siyana. Kubvira 1977, pashure kushanyira kunze, akataura pamusoro Schnittke yose kubhadhara mutero tarenda rake.

"Revision mazita" - "Gogol Suite"

Chokupika ari Taganka Theater wenziyo yava akanyora Suite umo protagonist yaita, NV Gogol. Inoitwa zvikamu zvisere. Rinoreva mumhanzi kunoratidzwa pauduku Chichikov, nomutambo yokudhirowa, uyo anonzwa kurasikirwa tarenda uye anoda kuparadza ounyanzvi ake ose. Jazi sezvo haungambofari hope, pakarepo ichichinja anodiwa, kwete chinhu, asi shamwari. Iye chete gamba anopa rudo rwake vaneshungu. Machinda - iri risiri guru creaking minhenga paruzhinji, icho svosve mupenyu kuti anorarama saizvozvo. Havadi kunyange kuedza kuva murume, nekuti havazivi kuti chii. In bhora kuitika, izvo anoramba Sabbat, yokudhirowa anoona zvose zvayo creepy vatambi. Uye rinopedzisa zvose chimiro Nyasha dzemutendi vatatu. Pasina kwavari upenyu - mugwenga. Uye nziyo, kuti budiriro, kuminyuka muteereri kubva yepasi hanya, kunyudza munyika yakachena. Saka zvinoita "Gogol Suite".

Hamburg

Muna 1990, Alfred Schnittke, Biography iyo anotendeuka mune imwe nguva dambudziko, vakokwa Germany kudzidzisa sezvamunoita. Haana kwenyika, akaramba sandara muMoscow, asi nokuda kwezvikonzero zvoutano zvaaida kurapwa kunze. Mumakore achangopfuura, aiva nehanya vascular zvinetso, asi munyori aiva nebasa rakawanda richiri. Iye anogona kunyora noruoko rwake rworudyi. Muimbisi G. Rozhdestvensky, kushanyira nayo, decrypts izvozvo damerau vakanyoresa. At 63, munyori mukuru afa. Iye akavigwa Novodevichy Cemetery muMoscow.