Apatity. Zvicherwa. Description, zvivako, minda, uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Apatity - phosphate zvicherwa pamwe zvakasikwa, rakajairika munyika boka ravo. Vari zvinowanzoshandiswa kugadzirwa chicherwa fetiraiza, uye kwenguva yakati vachishingaira rakashandiswa kusika zvishongo. Faceted chicherwa anowana chakanaka kwazvo pakuonekwa uye kazhinji vakapfuura kure sezvo zvakawanda zvinokosha Semi-anokosha ibwe Somuenzaniso, netopasi. Pasina vaGiriki akadana apatite «ἀπατάω», iro rinoshandurwa kubva muchiLatin rinoreva "kubiridzira."

Chemical sezvamunoita

zvicherwa zvakawanda mukirasi phosphates dzinonzi apatite. Remubatanidzwa wenyika Formula Anoumba chicherwa - Ca ₁₀ (PO _{4) 6} (OH, Cl, F) _2. Yakakurumbira vari vatatu mhando: hydroxo, kuiisa chlorine uye fluorapatite. Zvichienderana fomura ichi achizosiyana runotsanangurwa kumusoro. The kugutsikana calcium oxide (Cao) uye phosphorus iri pamusoro 53-56% uye 41% azvaitwa. The zvasara zvinokonzerwa chiduku inorwara fluoro, chloro, dzimwe nguva carbonate, uye netsvina siyana.

In yakaisvonaka chimiro apatite asina ruvara. rinoreva zvakasiyana-siyana chicherwa akacheneruka ipe tsvina. Somuenzaniso, manganese uwandu siyana mavara crystals mu Pink, nezvishava, greenish-yellow, neodymium uye simbi - uye kupa smoky tsvuku matauriro.

mumuviri ehupfumi

Glass kubwinya, mugari nokutyora, jikichira unaku pamusoro machipisi, fragility - maitiro ine apatite. Kirasi chicherwa pamusoro ari Mohs pamwero ndiyo 5. Quite kubatikana, asi kwete zvakakwana kuti yepamusoro zvishongo. Ndizvo tanetseka chaizvo zvinogona ndikamumara girazi kana unopinza banga mucheto. The dzakananga kurema 3.2 g / masendimita ^3. Rinowanikwa sezvingatarisirwa muchimiro crystals vakaumba Kazhinji prismatic, tabular kana tsono-shoma kazhinji ine wehunyambiri shading panguva kumicheto. Kazhinji anoumba gobvu zviyo-crystalline aggregates uye concretions, volumetric zvakasimba yevhu guru.

Apatite: kwakabva zvicherwa

Zvicherwa kubva boka apatites vari chishongedzo kuti rwuripowo murwiyo mu shoma mabwe (asingasviki 1%). Naizvozvo, chikuru, havafaniri kukanganisa kupatsanura. Crystallization iri zvinenge zvose igneous pamatombo, kunyanya mu alkaline uye acidic. Apatites - mamirire zvinoriumba lamprophyres uye Carbonatites. Ivo husingakwanisi supergene mamiriro. Apatites vari kwakajairika clastic sedimentary matombo uye zvicherwa placers.

The crystals vanogona kukura kuva kukuru kukura. The specimens pakukura yawanikwa muQuebec (Canada), mumwe iyo yakasvika 5443 makirogiramu uye inenge kukura 2.13 kusvikira 1.22 m. The chicherwa mumwe zviratidzo yenyika yacho.

dhipoziti

Apatity - zvicherwa deposits izvo pamusoro muindasitiri pamwero - a nani isingawanzowanikwi chinoshamisa. Kudeuka dhipoziti iri pamusoro Kola Peninsula uye anonzi "Khibiny". Munzvimbo iyi rinobudiswa apatite mhangura, acho zvikurukuru fluorine apatite uye nepheline. Uyezve, pane munda yokuYakutia (Seligdarskoye), Buryatia (Beloziminskoe, Oshurkovskoe), Urals (Ilmen Mountains), kuti Baikal nharaunda.

Apatites dombo sedimentary (phosphate dombo) vanoumba pamusoro 90% of zvachose nyika matura phosphate ores. deposits avo vari North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia, Western Sahara, Morocco.

The crystals akakodzera zvishongo kugadzirwa ari mined kuFinland, India, Germany, Norway, Czech Republic, USA, Myanmar uye Brazil. Okupedzisira nyika mbiri vanozivikanwa yakaisvonaka-siyana zvicherwa katsi retsono.

Apatite mu chishongo

Apatite - chicherwa zvivako uye chitarisiko hunoita kushandiswa mune zvishongo indasitiri. It kunoratidzwa brittleness uye pasi zvakaoma, saka haana yakasimba sezvo Semi-anokosha mabwe, uye kunoda nokunyatsoongorora mafungiro. Uyezve, chicherwa tisanzwe yakakwirira tembiricha chiedza chezuva (zvinogona kupera, Vachaoma).

Nokuti kuita chishongo kushandisa läpinäkyvä apatite, kazhinji yeyero kana mutema. zvicherwa Kwakachena nomunyika nedanho okukohwa. Kwete zvachose läpinäkyvä ibwe cabochon pasi. Ino chaiyo nzira akachekwa, panguva iyo munhu anowana convex chimiro ine mvere yakabwinyiswa penyika.

Kushongedza pamwe apatite zviri nani anoyevedza uye yepakutanga runako zvigadzirwa zvikuru pakuti unhu kurapwa. Nezvikorekedzo, nezvomumutsipa, nezvindori, pendants, mhete, nezvishongo, etc. kakawanda pachiimbwa mamwe matombo, vachishandisa simbi dzinokosha. Zvisinei, munhu anofanira kungwarira pachena fakes. Beryl, tourmaline, netopasi, etc. -. Zviri kwavari dzimwe nguva kupa zvakanaka faceted segirazi chicherwa apatite.

Mutengo chigadzirwa

Cost chirangaridzo pakati zvishongo apatite kunoenderana zvinoverengeka on: kunaka ibwe, ayo kubudiswa nzira, akachekwa, kutsigira zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, marozari sapamazuva photo, mumwe kureba 40 masendimita vari mukati 1000-1500 rubles. Stone haasi segirazi, zvikuru nyore akachekwa, akachengetedzwa runako, uye heterogeneity yacho chicherwa mavara.

Zvisinei, vamwe apatite vari zvinodhura chaizvo. In Ontario (Canada) mined chiwanikwa-unhu chicherwa rwegirini (dzimwe nguva chete kubatwa rutema kana muorivhi) ruvara. Zvinonzi atengeswa pasi rinozivikanwa wezvokutengeserana zita "Trillium". Stone achirema 10 carats pashure kucheka saizi vanofungidzirwa pane zvinopfuura chiuru chemadhora.

Mashiripiti ehupfumi kuti apatite

Vazivi venyeredzi uye kunamata vanowanza vaiwanzoti zvimwe mashiripiti ehupfumi zvicherwa siyana. Apatite iri ibwe rugare norunyararo. Iye anonzi kune yakasiyana ehupfumi pakati Kudzikamiswa chepfungwa uye kunetsa munhu, vachiuya mataurire tsinga. Panyaya iyi, vazivi venyeredzi vanoti akapfeka ake zviratidzo somoto nyeredzi, akasiyana chisimba uye inopisa hunhu: Lions, yechinguva uye Sagittarius. Asi kare hasha Pisces, Aquarius uye nekenza haina inokurudzirwa. Apatite kuvaita pusa, lethargic uye simba.

Kushandisa kurima

Kwenguva yakareba zvave kuzivikanwa kuti apatite - kushaya zvicherwa, saka huru nzvimbo chikumbiro ndiko kurima. Phosphorus - mumwe zvikuru zvinoumba makemikari yeimwe, sezvo pamusoro apa. Sezvaunoziva, maatomu akafanana izvi zvinokosha kwete chete vanhu asiwo miti. Phosphorus ndiye Dzokuvaka zvipenyu, izvozvo rinobatanidzwa zvipenyu zvakawanda kwendangariro.

Apatity - zvicherwa, ndiye kutanga mashoko pagadzirwe rwokuzvarwa chicherwa phosphate fetiraiza. Raw zambara chinangwa ichi kwenguva refu. Kubvira mangwanani remakore rechi20, akavaka uye unoshanda zvakasiyana siyana nembesa kubudiswa zvicherwa. Rimwe zvikuru - ndiye Hibinsky chokubatanidza "Apatite", vakatanga kushanda muna 1929 pahwaro munda munyika kupfuura mafuta.