Apo rwizi mainozonodira Don: zano. Where rinobva rwizi Don?

Don ane nguva dzose kufarira murume - yakafara uye simba, pamwe vabati vechibharo zhinji. Chose vazhinji mavhesi uye nhetembo, uyewo Yenisei. Kunyange hapana mubvunzo chii rwizi Hwakareba - Don kana Yenisei, asi hazvibviri kuenzanisa navo - mumwe warwo akanaka uye mumwe nomumwe ane nzvimbo yaro mabhuku Russian.

Pana Don Uyezve, pane dzimwe mazita. Mumazuva muGirisi yekare, rainzi Tanais kana Girgis. Ancient kypchaki akadana Don - Gumi. Shoko "dong" rinoreva "yakawanda migero" kana "rwizi pamwe kunosiyana mugero."

Dzinobvepi uye kwandinoenda rwizi Don runoyerera

Kare zvaifungwa kuti Don yakatangwa mudziva, Ivan, asi sezvazvakanyorwa ndezvokuti effluent kubva rechirwere ichi murwizi hakuitiki. Ndiro tsime Don Novomoskovsk, pane kunyange kuisa mapurani sezvamunoita "Kunobva Don." Asi nokuda napedyo yorwizi ichayerera dura Shatskikh, vakawanda vanodavira kuti ndiye tsime kwayo, asi hazvisi.

River muduku catchment nzvimbo chete Volga, Danube, Kama uye Dnieper, asi Don haasi chaizvo refu - 1870? Km. Power uye runako Don rwakaimbwa mabhuku mabasa mazhinji, uyewo Yenisei. Mubvunzo ndewokuti: Ndezvipi rwizi Hwakareba - Don kana Yenisei? The mhinduro yakarurama - the Yenisei. Asi enzanisa nzizi mbiri izvi hazvibviri, mumwe nomumwe akasiyana uye inosiya zvirambe.

In gungwa River runoyerera kupinda Don? In Gungwa Azov. Rwizi muna Rostov-on-Don anoumba navanopinda Delta, imwe nzvimbo 540 mativi makiromita. Kubva kunosiya zvakawanda mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka: Kuterma Large, Dead Donets, Great Tower uye nevamwe.

Below isu funga muudzame, apo rwizi mainozonodira Don. The dhayagiramu rinoratidza sei rwizi runoyerera mariri.

The hunhu rerwizi mumupata

Don - nebani rwizi pamwe navanopinda mafashamo bani, haina yakakwirira chikumbaridzozve uye unoshanda nezvishoma. Edza wakatsetseka longitudinal Profile, avhareji kutsauka iri 0.1 ppm. Don upamhi panzvimbo dzapasi dzakasvikira 15 km.

The rworudyi norwizi ane mawere materu. The akasiya bhangi kuderedzwa kunyepa uye sandarara. Pazasi rwizi unogona kuwana kuunganidza alluvium. Track yakawanda kudzika jecha shoals.

The mvura hurumende yomurwizi Don

Parwizi catchment nzvimbo yakakura zvakakwana, asi ayo mvura kugutsikana achiri pasi. Izvi imhaka yokuti Don runoyerera kuburikidza inowanzorimwa uye masango inowanzorimwa wongoramba. Mukuru basa kuti rwizi rine chando chikafu, izvo chinoita kuti vanenge 70%, mvura uye pasi - diki. Kufanana akawanda nzizi nzvimbo iyi, Don ine mukuru chitubu kumiswa, panguva navamwe gore - rakadzika mvura nguva.

Mumazana rwizi mvura pamwero anoda kubva 8 M kusvika 13 m.

Annual yorukosoro, Don ndiye 2 l / chik / mativi? Km (900m³ / c).

Muna November uye December ari Don yaita chando. Ndinoda kunotora mazuva 30 ari nomurwizi uye anosvika 140 mazuva ari pamusoro.

A maitiro chinoratidza rwizi kuti mukuru mvura inopfuura semafungu maviri. Wave kutanga - the "inotonhora". The rwizi kuwana mvura uchanyangadika apasi rinosvika. Wave rechipiri - "adziyirwe", uye kunoita mvura kubva yokumusoro chikamu rwizi.

Achishandisa parwizi mabasa evanhu

Don River inoita basa rinokosha mune upfumi munyika. Kuti tinzwisise zviri saka kunoshamisa rwizi ichi zvakakwana kurangarira apo rwizi mainozonodira Don. Nokuti anenge 1,600? Km kubva pamuromo rwizi navigable. Liski guta riri 1355? Km kubva panzvimbo confluence of Don kuGungwa Azov, munzira unogona kuramba kusangana mudare.

Muna 1952 zvakanzi akavaka pakati Volga-Don Canal. Akanga akacherwa pedyo netaundi Kalach, sezvo panguva iyi parwizi vanobwembura of Don anoswedera Volga kuti shoma daro - 80. The Canal yakagadzirira mukati 4 Makore pashure kuvaka kwakatanga, hapana chinhu chakadaro munyika haana kukurumidza kudaro ishande. Kureba Volga-Don Canal raiva 101? Km uye akaita kuti zvikwanisike kuti kusunungura akawanda mumakungwa: kuBaltic, Black, Azov, White uye reCaspian.

Near Voronezh ari chakaunzwa nokushanda Novovoronezh NPP muna 1967 Rostov NPP yakavakwa muna 2001 uye riri pedyo eponymous guta.

On Don yakavakwa Dam - Tsimlyanskoe. Panewo Tsimlyansk Hydroelectric simba chechitima. Uyezve, iyi mvura hydrological chinhu akashandisa yokudiridza minda yekurima uye Volgograd muna Rostov munharaunda.

Flora uye Fauna of rwizi Don

Floodplain wetlands, Mafuro yakavhenganiswa gobvu masango iri mumhenderekedzo Don River. Apo anobva, apo runoyerera uye kuti inogona kuonekwa mumahombekombe erwizi? Yose, unogona kusangana zvakasiyana siyana kasvisto: petsanga, bulrush, cinquefoil, the willow, the willow, Birch, krushinnik, alder nezvimwe vamiririri fauna of vari kwazvo-siyana avo rudzi sezvamunoita .. Amphibians: Matatya uye newts. Zvinokambaira uye tsvuku-fork hamba, uswa nyoka, nenyoka. Mhuka: Chidembo, Beaver, mink, otter, zviremwaremwa, muskrat. Shiri: emumvura, warbler, shuramurove, rarira, snipe, dhadha.

Mumazana Don River unowanikwa anenge 70 mhando hove. Vamwe vari pangozi pamwe zvitsakatike nokuda nemabasa evanhu. The inonyanya bream, Rudd, crucian kabhu, kujeka, Pike, burbot. Rare: Catfish, Sturgeon, beluga, Sturgeon.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti ichangobva akagadzawo muchinyatsongwarira kudzora pangozi mhando hove. Nokuti ndibate zvisingawanzoitiki zvipenyu zvavakatemerwa fines pamusoro Vanotyora mutemo. Uyezve, mune nemaruva vari akura hove, iyo gare gare akasunungurwa kupinda dzesango.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo zviri pakati Don River

Mubvunzo zvakatipoteredza dambudziko rwizi zvinova rakaramba kukurumidza ose gore. The kupfuura chenjera dambudziko wokunatswa mvura kubva mhuri tsvina, Kweoiri, iyo yakaumbwa somugumisiro ngarava netsaona. Kupararira rebhuruu-mitema algae vanewo inokanganisa pamusoro zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza mamiriro yoRwizi, zvokuti vari tikatyisidzirwa kutsakatika, dzimwe mhando hove uye zvinomera.

The mvura pamwero murwizi ipfupi somugumisiro safunga kushandiswa.

Mumakore achangopfuura, zvirongwa kutaura kutsoropodza nyaya chokuita rwizi mvura zvakasikwa, kusanganisira Don. Azov Sea (inoyerera kupinda Don River) anewo nhamba matambudziko: tsinga mvura, kunyangarika dzimwe mhando hove uye kuderera mvura pamwero - shallowing.