Arşive: tafura, dzakabatana nemitemo. Arşive maitiro uye International System vezvikwata

International System vezvikwata - chivakwa iyo inobva kushandisa vakawanda indices mu makirogiramu uye metres pakureba. Navazhinji ayo mavambo, paiva mushanduro izvozvo siyana. Musiyano pakati pavo iri kusarudzwa anokosha zviratidzo. To musi, nyika dzakawanda kushandisa vezvikwata zviri pasi SI ino. Mairi okunze ndiwo saizvozvo nyika yose (kunze United States, Liberia, Burma). gadziriro iyi zvinowanzoshandiswa muminda dzakasiyana - kubva muupenyu hwezuva nezuva kusvikira kwesainzi.

Features

Arşive maitiro - ane akarayira iine parameters. Izvi chinosiyanisa kubva yamboshandiswa kwakajairika nzira nokuda Pakusarudza muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuratidza chero uwandu arşive hurongwa anoshandisa chikuru chimwe chete, kwakakura izvo zvinogona zvakasiyana mune vakawanda zvikamu zviduku (grade Extra kubudirira kushandisa zvinhu). The chikuru mukana nzira iri kushandisa yakawanda nyore. Izvi anobvisa basa guru nhamba vezvikwata zvakasiyana (tsoka, makiromita, masendimita, etc.).

nguva parameters

Over nguva refu nokuwanda yenyanzvi vakaedza kupa nguva arşive dzakabatana. Suggested zuva akakamurwa madiki zvinhu - millisutki uye pamakona - 400 nhare kana kutora zvizere kuparadzirwa kunoita kuti 1000 millioborotov. Over nguva, nokuda kwakonzerwa kushandiswa aifanira kusiya pfungwa. Nhasi nguva mumasekonzi runotaurwa ne SR (rinoumbwa milliseconds) uye radian.

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ano arşive hurongwa akazvarirwa France. Munguva kubva 1791 kusvika 1795 munyika yakanga akabvuma kufadzwa inokosha zvemitemo mabasa. Vakanga zvainanga Pakusarudza mamiriro mita - imwe gumi-mugove 1/4 of Meridian kubva neequator kusvika North Pole. July 4, 1837 kushandisa gwaro rinokosha. Maererano naye, zvakanga zviri pamutemo kunotenderwa fanira kushandisa zvinhu izvo kwaiva arşive hurongwa matanho kwema zvose zvoupfumi kuitwa kuFrance. Vakazobvumirana chidziro vakatanga kupararira kunyika yakavakidzana dzokuEurope. Nokuda kwayo nyore uye nyore, asi arşive gadziriro iri zvishoma nezvishoma atsiva zvikuru National yaishandiswa kare. Uyewo, zviri bvumidzwa kushandisa iri US uye muUK.

zvinhu tsika

Per chikwata urefu pedengu hurongwa havaoni, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, akatorwa mita. Eremendi vakawanda vanova giremu - kurema mumwe miriyoni mamita ³ mvura kana mureza arambe achirema. Nokuti zvakareruka kushandiswa itsva dzakabatana Vagadziri kunge akafunga nzira kuti vave nyore - nemwero mukugadzira kubva zvesimbi. mhando aya yaakaita kuvimbika zvakakwana tsika. Varipiko nemitemo arşive ezvinhu, izvozvo ichakurukurwa pazasi. Mune ramangwana, kushandiswa izvi mienzaniso vanhu vakaziva kuti sravnenivat achida ukoshi navo nyore uye vasununguka pane Somuenzaniso, kota Meridian. Panguva iyoyowo, vakatsvaka kuona mukanyiwa muviri, zvakava pachena kuti kuongorora unhu yayo, mureza zvakawanda nyore kupfuura runoenzanirana huwandu mvura.

"Archived" ivhu

Resolution of International Commission muna 1872 rakagamuchirwa sezvo mureza kuti kuyera dzakagadzirirwa mita kureba. Panguva iyoyowo nhengo Commission yakasarudza kushandisa mitemo kuyera uremu chaiwo kilogram. Rakanga rakagadzirwa Platinum uye iridium alloys. "Archived" mita uye kilogram zvinochengeterwa zvachose muParis. Muna 1885, musi May rechi20, vamiririri chinokosha Convention wacho wakasainwa munyika namanomwe. Sezvo chikamu yaidzorwa zvinofanira kusarudza uye kuyera kushandiswa mitemo pakutsvakurudza uye muzvinyorwa. Izvi zvinoda sangano chairo. Izvi zvinosanganisira, kunyanya zvinosanganisira International Bureau of muzviyereso. Sezvo chikamu chesangano achangobva akasika vakatanga kukura mukanyiwa uye kureba ivhu pamwe kwavo kuchinjwa makopi zvose pokuita nyika.

Arşive wemuTesitamende Russia

Mimwe akatorwa akanakidzwa dzakawanda munyika. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, Russia vaisagona kukanganwa chidzoke kwegadziriro itsva. Naizvozvo, Act yaJuly 4, 1899 (munyori uye yokuvaka - D. I. Mendeleev) rakachengetedzwa mvumo kushandiswa nenzira hako kuti. Akava fanira chete pashure kuitwa pakati dikidiki Hurumende nechirevo muna 1917. Gare gare, kushandiswa kwayo kwave runosimbiswa ne SNK musi July 21, 1925. Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, nyika dzakawanda akatamira kuyerwa iri International System vezvikwata. Kwokupedzisira shanduro yakanga dzakabudirira uye XI of General Conference mvumo muna 1960.

post-kweSoviet

Kuparara Soviet Union rakaenderana kukurumidza kukura kombiyuta uye nevatengi zvemagetsi, chikuru kugadzirwa iri kusimbiswa Asia. On mundima Russian Federation akatanga kupinza makuru consignments pakati vagadziri izvi. Muchiitiko chino, Asia nyika vasina kumbofunga pamusoro zvichiita matambudziko nekuipira kupamba zvinhu zvavo kuti mutauro wokuRussia vemo uye akapa zvigadzirwa aro waifarirwa (mu pfungwa dzavo) murayiridzo Chirungu, pamwe American kurongwa. Kushandiswa zita rokuti tsika yacho arşive hurongwa yakakundwa nehumwe neDare okunze inoshandiswa muUnited States. Somuenzaniso, kukura kombiyuta disks, diagonal monitors nemamwe zvinoriumba vari raanotaura masendimita. Saka pakutanga parameters yenhengo izvi akasarudzwa zvachose arşive tsika (CD uye DVD upamhi somuenzaniso yakaenzana 120 mm).

dzakawanda mashandisirwo

Pari zvikuru kwakapararira pamusoro Pasi ndiro arşive hurongwa yakayerwa. Table makore, urefu, marefu uye mamwe parameters inoita nyore kushandurira zvimwe zviratidzo. Countries, nokuti vamwe chikonzero haana kuitwa ino, pane zvishoma uye zvishoma pagore. inoti izvi kuramba kushandisa pachako parameters dzenyu, zvinosanganisira US, Burma uye Liberia. America anonakidzwa mune zvesayenzi inogadzirwa sectors SI hurongwa. Mune zvose zvimwe zvinoshanda US zvokusarudza. UK uye St Lucia havasati vatanga kusvika SI ezvinhu munyika. Asi, ndinofanira kutaura kuti kwacho kuri kushingaira danho. Zvapedzisira nyika, pakupedzisira dzava kushandisa arşive wemuTesitamende 2005, akava Republic of Ireland. Antigua uye Guyana chete kuti kuchinja, asi kufamba anononoka chaizvo. An dzinonakidza ezvinhu China, uyo pamutemo dzava kushandisa arşive hurongwa, asi kushandisa rekare Chinese dzakabatana anoramba ari munharaunda yayo.

parameters ndege

Arşive hurongwa rinozivikanwa zvinenge kose. Asi pane vamwe sectors umo haina kubatwa. The ndege achiri kushandiswa dzakaenzana gadziriro, iyo yakavakirwa vari zvizhinji zvakadai netsoka uye mamaira. Kushandiswa wegadziriro mumunda ichi kare. Nzvimbo International Civil Aviation Organization uri inonzwisisika - panofanira kuva yezwi arşive tsika. Zvisinei, mazano aya chete nyika shoma kutsigirwa ayo yakachena chimiro. Pakati pavo vane Russia, China neSweden. Uyezve, yevagari avhiyesheni ari RF mamiriro, kunzvenga kuvhiringidzika pamwe international kuzvidzora mahofisi, muna 2011 vakatanga kwegadziriro rushoma matanho, inokosha chairema unova tsoka.