Pathologist - ndiani ichi? Chii basa mudzidzisi-defectologist? Nei mwana zvidzidzo pamwe defectology?

Vana - maruva muupenyu! Rinobatanidzwa nevana vavo hope kupfuura dzaunoda nomubereki wose. Uye chinhu chokutanga chinofanira kuva nechokwadi vabereki vomwana - zvakakodzera kukura, saka vasabatwa worudzi ruduku zvarakasiya vanofanira pakarepo kutsvaka kubatsirwa nenyanzvi.

Ndiani pathologist?

Pane basa kuti rinobatanidza mushonga uye pedagogy. It defectology. mu defectology nyanzvi kuva chakanakisisa shamwari uye chipangamazano vana chaivo nevabereki vavo.

Pathologist - mudzidzisi unyanzvi mukirasi nevana avo lag shure panyama kana nepfungwa kukura.

Unhu hupi anofanira pathologist

Pathologist - kuchikonzerwa munhu akagamuchira kudzichengeta. Mudzidzisi anofanira kukwanisa rokuongorora aivapo abnormalities muvana uye kutsvaka nzira kuripa kwavari, uyewo kuita kosi Kurovedza chaiyo nechinangwa kukura dambudziko wemwana. Age chipingamupinyi pakati mwana uye nyanzvi inofanira vasipo. The yokupedzisira vanofanira kukwanisa kupinda chivimbo chizvarwa chevechiduku uye kuva shamwari kune mwana.

Pakati unhu, izvo zvinofanira kuva mudzidzisi-chiremba, ndedzinotevera:

• A mukuru azvipire yenjere. Chinonzi faniro kana tiri kudzidza mumwe basa pathologists. Vanamuzvinadzidzo kunge zvakanaka uye zvakajeka ndokuisa, chinofanira kuva chakanakisisa mundangariro, kuziva sei kuvaka uye maumbirwo zvidzidzo.

• Nzwisisa nemano. Kunzwisisa kunodiwa kuziva magadzirirwo kuti yakakodzera chaiyo nyaya.
• Observation uye kutarisirwa. Izvi zviviri kuchabatsira kuti pave nevanhu mwana yokuziva chaizvo yezviito zvake uye mupe mumwe zvichinzwisisika.
• Sociability. Mazvikokota anofanira kuwana mutauro zvakajairika nevana uye kuva fara nevamwe navo, nguva dzose kukwanisa kutaura mwana uye kushatiriswa kuva bilateral nhaurirano.
• Emotional nomukutsungirira nomwoyo murefu. Strong tsinga - kiyi kubudirira uye kunyatsoshanda kudzidziswa pathologists nevana mumuviri kana pfungwa urema. Unofanira kunzwisisa kuti basa defectology - unyanzvi basa.
• Kugamuchira. Pathologist - Munhu wokutanga anofanira kuuya kubatsira vanoshayiwa, hazvifaniri kuva hanya nematambudziko evamwe vanhu.
• Corrector. Mazvikokota anofanira kushandisa nokungwarira chaizvo noruremekedzo pakubata chaiyo kiddies nevabereki vavo.

defectological dzakagadzirirwa

defectology sainzi zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzinoverengeka anokosha:

• Dzidziso - vachidzidzisa vana, tine zvose yakajeka uye zviduku zvarakasiya munzeve ruyamuro;
• zvakanaka basa - dzidzo chizvarwa chevechiduku pamwe havachanyatsogoni mupfungwa kukura;
• nhanho edzidzo - kudzidzisa vana vakanga kwakakanganiswa basa kuona midziyo;
• Kutaura mushonga - kudzidzisa vana, kukura iyo kuverenga kwagara siyana, asi kune kutaura zvinetso, pachena emashoko.

Basa kutaura pathologists: zvinangwa uye zvinangwa

Zvinangwa wakasiyiwa mudzidzisi-chiremba:

1. Kuti chido chokudzidza kuburikidza vavariro.
2. Aripire kushaya vakawanda ruzivo, kuti vakwire kukura kutaura midziyo, kudzidzisa kuverenga, kuverenga, Modelling, mutambo.

Kufunga vavariro kushanda nevana inokosha nyanzvi anoita zvinotevera mabasa:

• Kuitisa remedial basa chokuita yaivapo zvakasiyana mudzidzi kukura.
• Anoita imwe ongororo vana nechinangwa kuona mamiriro uye dhigirii dzavo tinoberekwa kuremara.
• Kunobatanidza vadzidzi pamwe chete psychophysical mamiriro muboka.
• Anoitisa zvidzidzo (vari boka kana nomumwe), izvo chinangwa panguva kugadzirisa zvarakasiya kukura uye kudzorerwa dzichipfekeka zvinhu. Classes vane dambudziko nevana dzinobva kushandisa zvimwe nzira uye unyanzvi. The kusarudza methodological chirongwa kunoenderana chaizvo kuti yaivapo zvarakasiya kubva vadzidzi.

• Wakabata yokubvunza uye kukurukura nevabereki nevana vari vapore yake.

Mukuwedzera, chiremba chevana vanofanira zvakanyatsorongwa kuvandudza zvavo nyanzvi zvinodiwa.

Mashandiro ari mudzidzisi-defectologist

1. Kuitisa hwakadzama kuzviongorora mwana, pachishandiswa iyo diagnoses kugona kudzidza. Kana kuremara zvokukura vanozivikanwa, basa rakarongwa zvainanga maximizing kupora uye replenishment of zvikanganiso zviri kukura.
2. Kuitisa zvidzidzo, ane chinangwa kukura dzinokosha kushanda kwendangariro (maonero, kufunga, ndangariro, pfungwa pezvakaitwa, uye zvichingodaro. D.).
3. Anovandudza hwokukurukura vana.
4. Anovandudza kuchiguma basa vana rimwe zera muchikwata. Saka, kuti nekure kukura vana vanoenda kukireshi kukireshi chiremba chinotarisa uchitamba mutambo mabasa vana chikoro - kuverenga, kunyora uye zvichingodaro ..

Pathologists basa: kwesangano misimboti

Rokuongorora zvokukura nepfungwa dzavo kururamiswa uye kunaya misoro nzira, iyo yakavakirwa panheyo kubatana nechirwere uye kururamiswa. Basa iri Diagnostics vari chinokosha misoro kudzidza mwana nyanzvi. Mamiriro ari kuongorora inofanira kutsigira, ushamwari, pasina extraneous ruzha uye wechitatu kumapati, nhaurirano - wakadzikama matauriro.

Kuongororwa kutyorwa kukura rinoitwa kushandisa etiopathogenetic kusvika. mwana chaiye mumwe akarova nechepakati tsinga, hunhu zvakasiyana maronda aya, izvo zvingaita kuti isiri yunifomu kuvhiringidzika mupfungwa uye kwomuviri. Saka, kuongorora pamwe defectology zviri kusiyaniswa. Nokuti mumwe nomumwe mudzidzi kana kuenda kukireshi zvekunyora ndandanda yezvinhu iri correctional basa.

In vaigadzirira zano basa inofanira kufungwa zera mapoka uye kunyanya munhu hunhu vana. The basa kuti Anonangana mwana nyanzvi, chinofanira kuva zvakajeka. Kana mwana zvinodiwa kubatsira panguva maviri kana kupfuura nyanzvi, pane interdisciplinary kubatsirana vanachiremba uye rokudzidzisa.

Nokuti chidzidzo chimwe nechimwe duku murume mudzidzisi-chiremba kunopa simba zvichiongororwa, migumisiro dzatinogona vafunga kuti kubudirira remedial mabasa ari siyana methodological nzira.

Uyezve, zvakanyatsorongwa akaita correlative kuongorora mamiriro aumba zivo edzidzo, kukura mupfungwa uye mumuviri dzinodya mafufu.

Ngano pamusoro pathologists

• Nhema 1. For isingazivikanwi zvikonzero, vanhu vane pfungwa pane chiremba chii kushandisa kushanda chete nevana vane zvinokosha abnormalities chepfungwa uye mumuviri mabasa. Ichi hachisi chokwadi. Iye anogona kubatsira chero mwana anonetswa dzingaparwe unongotaura. Pathologist - mudzidzisi paupamhi-Profile anoziva kusarudza nzira yakarurama kudzidzisa chimwe mwana.
• Nhema 2. Namazvikokota nyanzvi mune defectology ichagara nokusingaperi. Ngazvisadaro, kana kupfuura zvazviri, hazvina kudaro. Kana mudzidzisi anoshanda vadzidzi vane zvinetso zvedzidzo kuita uye asina kuremara mupfungwa uye mumuviri hunhu, zvidzidzo zvakadaro pachena yaingowanikwa yokutedzemuka musi. Anouya kana mudzidzisi kubatsira mwana kuti zadza ruzivo maburi.

Speech chiremba uye pathologist: ndezvipi chikuru kusiyana

Huru kusiyana chidzora pathologists matauriro kurapa ndeinotevera:

1. Target nevateereri. Pathologist anoshanda nevana chaiyo vane zvimwe abnormalities ari mupfungwa uye mumuviri kukura, uye chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura - aine dzakabudirira chose vana vane matambudziko nokutaura uye emashoko.
2. Chinangwa kudzidzisa. Pathologist kuchikoro kana kukireshi zvinangwa kubatsira mafufu kudzidza kutaura pfungwa dzavo, anodzosa pakakoromorwa zivo, rinoshanda zviyero nokuda rakasungwa kukura mupfungwa. Speech chiremba rinoshandawo chete pamusoro pokumuka matauriro uye kutaura kururamiswa.
3. Kurambidzwa munguva boka revana. defectology nyanzvi inogona kuitisa zvidzidzo nevana vashomashoma (kubva 1 year), asi purogiramu chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura haumanikidzwi vanomhanyira aurayiwe kwemakore matatu nemakore mwana. Uyezve, munhu mukuru munhu anogona kushandisa kuti chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura.
4. Pathologist - paupamhi-Profile nyanzvi, pane haagoni vanozvirova chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura, munda basa iri duku zvikuru.

Related sika

Basa kutaura pathologists pedyo, panguva paro, pamwe kupupura mudzidzisi, wepfungwa, chiremba, chiremba wechikadzi achindidzidzisa kutaura, mumwe kukireshi mudzidzisi.

Famous masayendisiti pathologists

The dzidzo chaiyo inoda vakawanda vana kuenda kukireshi uye chikoro zera. zveBhaibheri zvakawanda panyaya iyi, vakazvipira mabasa avo kunoshamisa masayendisiti ari Russian Federation. In yendarama pavane vasayendisiti uye pathologists ndiwo: V. M. Behterev (Russian wetsinga, chiremba wepfungwa uye kwepfungwa, muvambi chikoro kwesayenzi), AN Graborov (muvambi kutsinga dzinouya tsika dzidzo hurongwa), L. V. Zankov (mumhuri kwepfungwa, chiremba uye mudzidzisi, mudzidzi Ls Vygoskogo), M. S. Pevzner (musayendisiti Russian, chiremba wepfungwa, chiremba wepfungwa, chiremba uye mudzidzisi), F. A. Rau, Zh. I. Shif, E. K. Gracheva (Russian rokutanga mudzidzisi-chiremba), V. P. Kaschenko (musoro chikoro wokutanga chaiwo vana pachipatara pacho), IV Malyarevsky, L. S. Vygotsky (chiremba-chiedzwa Torr, mumwe mutsvakurudzi defectology), MF Gnezdilov (mumhuri oligophrenopedagogs, Methodist), G. E. Suhareva (nokuda shanduka-chaivo pfungwa zvepfungwa), G. M. Dulnev.

Nokuda pamusoro nenhamba nesayenzi dzidzo unokosha Russia kugamuchira chete kufarirwa asiwo kunyatsogadzikana.