Athletics: ichi ane mutambo zvimwe mhando? Athletics muRussia

Athletics - iri kunzwisisa mutambo, izvo zvinosanganisira marudzi anoranga akasiyana siyana, zvisingashamisi anonzi vahosi zvemitambo, uye kunyange okuti "mhanyisa, yepamusorosoro, simba" kuti 2/3 anogona kunzi kwairi. Musi wokutanga Greek yeOlympic mune zvemitambo aiva chirongwa chikuru mitambo. Uye kubvira panguva iyoyo kusvikira nhasi ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa uye chinonyanya kukosha zvemitambo. Zvikurukuru, mukurumbira uyu nokuti kuti muviri hachisi chikonzero midziyo zvinodhura. Saka, kunyika Latin America, Africa uye Asia vakava mubayiro vakundi siyana anoranga kusvikira nhasi.

Zviri Vongai yose kukura kukurumbira guru uye chenguva shanduka kunoita mitambo - ndiye "Mambokadzi Mitambo" (musoro izvo iye akagamuchira yechipiri yezana XX remakore). Mumakumi emakore mashoma, hakuna zuva iro zita raigona wacho. Athletics kuramba 'akatungamirira "pasi yemitambo nyika uye ane rukudzo rukuru.

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Kutaura zvazviri, mitambo aizivikanwa refu asati muGirisi yekare, vakawanda saka emakore BC. e. vanhu Africa uye Asia vari aiitisa makwikwi. Asi chokutanga vhidhiyo zvinyorwa, glassware, evhu, Pamifananidzo uye vanodhirowa, iyo inotaura Muchiitwa rokutanga kuti vave simba (achimhanya, etc.) Chokwadi, vaburukira kwatiri kubva Girisi yekare. Asi pano ndicho gangaidzo, vaGiriki raibva simba rose zvemitambo vari Weightlifting, uye ichi hachisi tsaona, nekuti nenyundo kukanda kana marathons kuti Ultra kure kashoma mitambo, saka weboka iri nani zvemasanga. Zviya, achimhanya ndiyo imwe mukuru makwikwi pakati vatambi, raiva chete mutambo ari wokutanga Olympic Games, izvo ndeyemunguva 776 BC. e. Kubvira ipapo zvakawanda zvachinja, uye ikozvino, nemhaka Kwemitambo yeOlympic muna 1896 ndiko pamwero mukuru mumashoko mitambo.

The chidzoke muRussia

mutambo budiriro kwakaitika pasi pose, yava vanoitirana mitambo njanji uye Russia. Yokutanga kumhanya nhangemutange rakaitwa 1888. Gore rino anonzi kutanga mitambo kuRussia. The ushasha-Russian zvose yokutanga yakaitwa muna 1908, kubva panguva iyo Athletics Federation of Russia nguva dzose anoitisa makwikwi mumitambo iyi, Kumukundi izvo ndiwo mutambi kana chikwata kuti takakwanisa kuratidza migumisiro yakanaka iri rokupedzisira kuedza unyanzvi anoranga kana marudzi. All of ushasha kuitika mumatanho akawanda, pamwe kunze kumhanya, kufamba uye zviitiko zvabatanidzwa.

Athletics

Athletics - ndiwo mutambo kuti rinobatanidza yakawanda yakasiyana anoranga zvinogona kucherechedzwa pakati pavo:

• All Around.
• Kumhanya (siyana uye daro).
• Achirasa anoshongwa (chinoumba, nemharu, sando, dhisiki).
• Kusvetuka (katatu, kureba, ane danda, pakureba).
• Kufamba.

Chokwadi, pakati mitambo zvose makawana kukurumbira zvikuru achimhanya kurangwa. Izvi imhaka Kuwanikwa kwavo uye zororo kutsigira utano hwavo uye nomuviri pamusoro chimiro, asi izvozvo hazvirevi kuti mitambo - zviri kumhanya chete. Around nyika, vakapararira uye mimwe mitambo, asi kana ivo inoda okuwedzera midziyo kana mitambo yunifomu, ipapo kumhanya iwe chete vanoda wakasununguka zvipfeko neshangu.

jimunasitikisi

Mitambo uye jimunasitikisi uyewo nhengo mitambo, musiyano chete ndiye chete pakuti chokutanga - a multidisciplinary uye kushandisa yakatakura pamusoro midziyo uye pasi. Muchiitiko chino, pane mitambo chaiwo dzemadzimai, uye pane vanhu. Makwikwi mu jimunasitikisi rinoitwa mu yechinangwa yeOlympic, European uye Championships World, apo vose munhu uye chikwata makwikwi mhando. Saka, gymnastic muviri ndiwo chikamu fanira uye inogona anonyatsoziva kuti mitambo - iri jimunasitikisi!

Modern mitambo: doping

Kana kutarira pamudzi chidzoke yemitambo, zvichava kuonekwa kuti izvi kwete kuedza nezvaanogona ayo uye nani zvabuda panguva nokudzidziswa Wakanaka, uyewo kuburikidza siyana zvinodhaka, izvo munyika yanhasi rwakaita zvinodhaka. Kunyange 40 apfuura, vanachiremba uye vatambi vane unyanzvi akati kuti mitambo - mutambo umo vanhu zvasvika dzavo kunonyanyisa chinzvimbo.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti doping kunounza kukuvadza zvikuru muviri sezvo vakadaro, izvozvo zvinoparadza pfungwa yose akanaka makwikwi uye kuziva zvakanakisisa. "The hosha mutambo ano," sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi doping, ungangova pasi simba rokumisa munhu. Doctors vari kuumba nzira itsva circumvent chidhiraivho. Kunyange pane maonero kuti magetsi makwikwi - ichi haisi hondo pakati vatambi vavo vanachiremba, nekuti nokuda pakatanga pakutengeserana kupinda mitambo pakutanga haana pachavo nokubudirira mutambi, uye ayo profitability ari kudzoka musi inivhesitimendi.