Bharaki rezvidhinha riri nemaoko: nhanho nehanho mirayiridzo, zvinoshandiswa zvinonakidza uye mazano

Kana iwe uchida kuvaka imba inogadzikana uye yakasimba yekuvhara, ipapo zvakanakisisa kushandisa brick. Basa rakadaro rinonyanya kushandiswa kushanda pasina kuzvimirira, pasina rubatsiro rwevashandi vekugadzira.

Chido chekugadzirira kwakakodzera

Ganda rakagadzirwa nezvidhinha kana chimwe chinhu chipi zvacho chinogona kudanwa chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha uye zvakakosha zvekuvaka kwepi zvayo. Inogona kuvakwa kubva kune imwechete iyo inoshandiswa mukuvakwa kwepasi peimba. Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvidhinha zvezvivakwa zvezvitina uye zvematombo. Mazuva ano kune marudzi akawanda ezvitinha, anogona kunge akasiyana-siyana nemasikisi. Miti inotora haisi yakaoma, asi inofanirwa kukodzera kuonekwa kwechivako.

Vashandi vanopa mazano ekushandisa zvishandisi zvekerubhi, sezvo vanopa hurefu hwekugadzirisa kwechimiro. Kana iwe uchida kuti chivakwa chigare kwemakumi emakumi emakore, unoda kuvaka purojekiti uye dhonza mifananidzo. Pane mitemo inokurudzirwa kuomerera, semuenzaniso bharura rinofanira kuva rakakura kupinda musuo, rinotungamirira kuimba yekuraramo, muna 1,5-1,8 nguva. Kureba kwenzvimbo yekuvaka kunofanira kuenzana nemiganhu kubva pa 0.15 kusvika ku2 m. Panguva imwechete, mvura inonaya haigoni kuwira paberere uye inowedzera pamusoro payo.

Kuvaka bhandi rakagadzirwa zvidhinha, unofanira kutererawo kune chokwadi chokuti kuwanda kwayo kunofanira kuva inenge 0.1 m. Basa rekudururira rinofanira kuitwa nekubatsirwa kwepamusoro yekodhi yemarara. Zvakakosha kuita nheyo yekrete, nokuda kweizvi, zvinowanikwa pasi pese dombo zvinoshandiswa.

Nyeredzi yematope ematanho

Mushure mekudururira, krete yakafukidzwa ne 15-centimeter cementitious screed. Kuti munhu atakure zvakanaka, zvakakosha kuita soro yakakodzera yezvikwiriso. Iyo yakakurudzirwa slope inogona kusiyana kubva pa2 kusvika ku 3.2 °. Nechitsiko chakadaro, mvura ichayerera kubva pamatanho, kwete kuumba puddles. Matanho anofanira kunge akavakwa nezvikamu zvakaungana, uye iwe unogona kushandisa chimiro chakakosha. Seimwe nzira yekugadzirisa nayo, chirongwa che monolithic chinoshandiswa, uye zvigadzirwa zvinoitwa kubva kumapuranga. Iyo yakakurudzirwa kureba kwechigadziro iyi inoperera kwe12 kusvika ku15 cm.

Kugadzirira kwemashandisi nezvimwe zvinhu

Kana iwe uchizovaka bharaki rakagadzirwa nezvidhinha kune imba yega yega nemaoko ako, zvakakosha kugadzirira zvishandiso uye zvishandise usati watanga basa, pakati pavo:

• Priming;
• Kuvandudza mbariro;
• Sandwe;
• Waterproofing;
• Yakaputsika ibwe;
• Cement;
• Trowel paste.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, iwe uchada: foshoro, tile, toro, chivakwa chekuvaka, uye mudziyo wekusanganisa konkrete.

Kuumba nheyo

Kutanga kwekuvaka kunotarisirwa kubva kune zvakakosha-nheyo. Kudzika kwayo kweberere kunofanira kunge kwakangofanana nekudzika kwechitsime cheimba pachako. Nokufamba kwenguva, nheyo dzechivako nevharanda dzichagara.

Kana iwe ukaisa nheyo pamatanho akasiyana, ipapo nzvimbo inotanga kuumbwa pakati pavo, iyo ichazokonzera kuparadzwa kwezvivakwa. Kuisa nheyo pasi peberere rezvidhinha kunodiwa maererano nechimwe chigadziridzo. Pachigamba chekutanga, geometrical parameters ye nheyo yacho inoratidzwa pamusoro penzvimbo yacho. Iyi mabasa inoitwa nekubatsirwa nemapuranga emapuranga, ayo anoshandiswa pakuratidza. Uyezve, gomba rakafuridzirwa pamwe chete nemakona uye chimiro chezvombo chinoumbwa. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kuchengetedza mambure ematanda, rutivi rwemuchinjiro rune 1 centimita. Vanofanirwa kuiswa pamativi emheyo, uye pamusoro pepamusoro pepuratifomu vanofanira kufambisa 10 cm.

Ipapo iwe unogona kupfuurira kusvika padanho rekudururira nzvimbo nemhinduro inogadzirirwa kubva kune yakavezwa mabwe, samende uye jecha, iyo chiyero chezvinhu izvi zvinotevera: 4: 1: 2. Apo bharanda rakagadzirwa nematare, mushure mokudururira mhinduro yacho, kumirira kwemavhiki mana kusvikira musanganiswa zvachose wakaoma. Muzhizha, danho rino rinotora mazuva anenge 14. Kana wangova nechokwadi chokuti nheyo yacho yakanyatsoiswa, iwe unogona kuramba uchishanda.

Porch building

Zvidhinha zvakagadziriswa pane imwe sariti uye sande, iyo yakagadzirirwa muchikamu che1 kusvika ku4 Zvisinei, kutanga, zvose zvinokosha kutarisira kuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kwechimiro kubva mumumvuri. Kuvhara mvura kunogona kugadzirwa nekugadzira zvinhu, izvo zvinhu zvisingadhura uye zvakakwirira, zvinodzivirira zvakanaka kubva pamigumisiro yemvura. Kudzivirira mvura kunowanikwa pachivako muzvikamu zviviri. Nhanho inotevera ichange iri kuiswa kweberere rimwe-rega, iyi yekuvaka ndiyo yakajeka. Mumatanho akadaro ekugadzira anovakwa panguva imwechete ne brickwork. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti upedze basa munguva inopfupika inogoneka. Muchigadziro chimwe chete, nhamba yematanho inotarisana nehupamhi hwechiremba, hazvishamisi.

Nzira dzekushanda

Kana ukasarudza kuisa bharaki rezvidhinha nemaoko ako, iwe unofanidza kukotamisa denga nekusunga musanganiswa ne spatula, wozoisa pasi parutivi uye pasi pezvidhina. Mutsara wokutanga unobvumira kuita chigamba chekutanga. Mutsara wechipiri unoteverwa shure, unomanikidzirwa kurwisana nemiti yakagadzirirwa sechisimba sezvinobvira. Zvitevedzo zvechitatu uye zvinotevera zvakasikwa nenzira imwe chete. Chigadziriswa chinogadziriswa chinofanira kusara kwevanenge vhiki imwechete, panguva iyo iyo musanganiswa inofanira kuoma zvakanaka.

Vamwe vanhu vanoedza kuita kuti nzira yacho ive nyore nekuisa pavhareji yeberere maviri kana matatu mitsara yezvidhinha, nzvimbo yakawanikwa yakazadzwa nedhaka. Mari yebasa rakadai ichange iri shoma, sekushanda kwekushanda. Zvisinei, pamagumo, haisi nguva dzose kugona kuwana imwe yakagadzirwa kunze. Kazhinji bhandi rakagadzirwa nezvidhinha rakavakwa maererano nenzira yakasiyana-siyana: nokuda kweizvi, masvingo emadziro anogadzirwa, uye matanho anoumbwa. Iyi teknolojia ichakurukurwa pasi apa.

Zvimwe nzira yekugadzirisa bhandi rezvitini

Sirasi muimba yega yega yakagadzirwa nezvidhinha inogonawo kuvakwa maererano nedzimwe teknolojia. Kana iwe usingafaniri kuda iyo nzira, iyo yakafanana yakaronga matanho uye masonry pachako, iwe unogona pakutanga kwekutanga kumisa masvingo emadziro. Chinhu chokutanga ichocho chakasungirirwa zvachose, asi neboka rezvidhinha uye kuwedzerwa simba mumutsara unotevera unotanga nekona katatu. Pakati pemitsara inofanira kuisa seam, iyo yakareba mamita gumi.

Pamusoro pemadziro ekuvakwa kwekuvakwa, zvakakosha kugadzira nzvimbo yakananga, uye pasi iri paine shanduro inoshandiswa pakugadzika kweberere reberere. Nhanho inotevera ichange iri kusangana pakati pezvidhinha, zvakadaro zvinoshandiswa panguva apo mhinduro yacho ichiri mumamiriro emvura, asi zvishoma nezvishoma. Panguva ino, tinogona kufungidzira kuti masvingo akabatanidzwa, zvino iwe unogona kutanga kudurura matanho. Nokuda kweizvi, fomu yebhodi yakasungirirwa, uye chimiro chemapuranga chinofanira kunge chakafanana nekugadzirisa kwematanho.

Zvadaro, chigadzirwa chinoumbwa, ivhu rinodururwa kune tsvina, iyo inofanira kunge yakavharwa zvakanaka. Panzvimbo inotevera yakakosha kuita nzvimbo yakatsetseka yepaiti, inofanira kuenderana nematsetse emukati.

Mazano ekushanda

Kana uri kufunga nezvekuita bhandi rakagadzirwa nematare, zvinokosha kuti ufunge pamusoro pekudiwa kwekusimbiswa, nekuda kweizvi tsvimbo dzinoiswa kune imwe nzvimbo yaita masendimita gumi nemashanu kubva kune mumwe, pamwe nematanda ane chikamu cha 6 mm. Ichangamire yekiti inofanira kuumbwa kune chimiro chaidiwa nekuisa mapuranga ekugadzirisa pane imwe nzvimbo yapfuura. Nharaunda yekutanga inoratidzwa nekunatsiridzirwa, mapepa ejoini anofanira kunge akaiswa welded. Panzvimbo inotevera, dombo rinodururwa uye mambure akaiswa, uye ipapo tsvina inodururwa zvakare. Icho chivigiro chakazara negorosi yemari yemarara.

Mutsara wechipiri wezvidhina unofanira kuiswa nenzira yakakwanisa kuumba yechipiri uye matanho ose anotevera. Pamusoro peizvi, tinogona kufunga kuti basa racho rapera, nzvimbo inogona kutarisana nematombo, mabwe ematombo kana zvinhu zvekugadzira.

Nuances yemabasa

Apo bharanda rakabatanidzwa kune imba yakagadzirwa zvidhinha, zvakakosha kuisa mitsetse pamadziro apo tenzi achave akaenzana paakaisa zvigadzirwa. Izvi zvinobvumira kuvakwa kunogadzirwa kusina kusvibiswa uye sechinhu chakaperera sezvingaita. Ukukwirira kwedanga rekutanga kunotarirwa kuve nekufungisisa kushandiswa kwejecha uye kutengesa, saka inofanira kunge yakakwirira kupfuura imwe yose. Kana iwe uchikwanisa kuisa cinder block, iwe unofanira kuzviita, asi pane dzakawanda iwe haugoni kushandisa nzira iyi, nokuti pakati pematanho ekukwirira kwakanyanya.

Panguva imwe chete, iwe unogona kuisa rusvingo rwomukati kuitira kuti zvinhu zvose zvivepo pazinga. Inokurudzirwa kuisa zvisikwa zvakasara mushure mekupedzwa kwechivako muchengeti weberere, izvi zvinobvumira kubvumira nzvimbo nekushandisa zvinhu zvakasara zvekuvaka.

Iwe usati wavaka bharaki rakagadzirwa nezvidhinha, iwe unofanira kufungisisa kuti rudzi rwezvinhu richashandiswa. Zviri nani kuti usashandise kutarisana nezvidhinha pamatanho ose emabasa. Pasinei nokuti iyo yakarongeka ichaita yakanaka, ichava isina kusimba nenguva.

Zvinonakidza

Biravira rezvidhinha rinogona kuratidzika sechembere, asi vamwe vhizha vanoedza kuzviita pakutanga. Nokudaro, sechinhu chinonakidza chinogona kuita murayiridzo, chikamu chepamusoro chacho chinogadzirwa nesimbi yekrete, asi nzvimbo dziri kumativi dzingave dzakabatanidzwa nezvidhinha zvidhinha. Panguva imwecheteyo, hurongwa hahuzokanganisi hutsika hwahwo hwekugara kwenguva refu, uye kutaridzika kwahwo kuchave kwakakosha. Siravha yeimba yega yega yakagadzirwa nematare inogona kuvakwa maererano nehutano hwakarondedzerwa pamusoro apa, asi kuwedzera pairi makumbo akavakirirwa uye zvigadziro zvakanaka zvemwenje. Muchiitiko ichi, mukova weimba uchatarisisa.