"Borodino munda" (Museum-kuchengeterwa): zvinokwezva, tsananguro

Munhoroondo hondo chero mamiriro vane hondo, iyo chakazochinja. Nokuti Russia muhondo 1812 akava rechinomwe September kwakaitika Hondo Borodino.

Zvakatora nzvimbo chete munda mu makiromita ane zana negumi kubva Moscow kumavirira Mozhaisk.

Uto Borodin Russian Napoleon kuti akakunda yose Europe uye zvino vakamira nzira kuMoscow, akanga akaparadzawo simba zvokuti French havana kukwanisa kusimuka. hondo iyi umhare kwaiva kutanga kukundwa kukunda mauto muvengi.

History chokusika

Zvakaitika 1812 vakasiya pavaida kwete chete munhoroondo Russian, asiwo renhoroondo dzamadzimambo yose Europe. Uye hazvishamisi kuti nzvimbo paiva mumwe yairwirwa zviitiko hondo, zvakanzi vatendeuka kuva chirangaridzo.

Chokwadi kuti munda uyu kunodiwa kuramba mukurumbira wayo kwemazana emakore, Russian akanzwisisa makore gumi pashure pokukundwa Napoleon. Vezvenhau tsanangura muronga kuti Borodino munda ikava miziyamu.

Kutuzov akatendeukira mukuru gofmeysterine Naryshkina nezvaidiwa kusimbisa Russian zvakachengetedzwa. Akanyora kuti vavige redoubts izvi makore Only. Panguva iyoyowo, panzvimbo akafa heroically General Tuchkov, zvakatanga kuvaka Chechi Muponesi, pashure masoja vanopfuura zviuru makumi mashanu vakafira muhondo.

kuwanikidza

Museum-Reserve "Borodino munda" yakatanga kuna August 1839, gore. Zuva iroro, pamwe kutora chikamu paMambo Nicholas I uye vechikamu hondo pamberi mutsetse stopyatidesyatitysyachnogo mauto ari bhatiri Rajewski - huru bhuku pfungwa kweuto Russian muhondo - pamusoro murwi, kureba shongwe chakatsaurirwa nokuda mapurani A. Adamini. In mishomanana yakanga yapfuura, panguva yayo akavigwa madota General PI Bagration - mumwe magamba Borodino.

Kwete kure shongwe yacho tivate, rakagadzirirwa varwi-vakamborwa zvakanzi yakavakwa nechirevo naMambo, zvakange kuchengeta zvinyorwa bhuku kuzoona zano muhondo uye zvakapambwa akasiyiwa naye. Mukuwedzera, vaifanira kutarisira guva uye Monument Bagration. Saka miziyamu "Borodino Field" wakavhurwa.

tsananguro

Izvi Monument dzakaitika anonzi imwe mukuru pakati inobva munda yehondo. Muna 1961 zvakanzi kunzi State Borodino Hondo uye History Museum uye Reserve, uye rwuripowo muunganidzwa chinokosha zvinhu ndandanda nemagariro nhaka Russia.

The nzvimbo yaro akadzivirirwa mapazi - mazana matanhatu namakumi mashanu paupamhi makiromita. Sam Borodino Hondo uye History Museum uye Reserve - ndima iri imwe zana negumi mamita dzakaenzana. m. chikuru chinhu ndiko kuratidza, kutaura zvazviri, munda pacharo, apo muna August, mauto mazuva matanhatu Russian vaitungamirirwa Kutuzov wakarwira Moscow.

The miziyamu ayo ano muchimiro yakatangwa 1902. Rakanga chairwo chaizvo uye zvisingatarisirwi sarudzo. Head w / D "Borodino" chiteshi yakasarudza kuumba munhu "Museum 1812", achiisa payo rimwe chechitima makamuri. Makore gumi gare gare, kuti vapemberere okupemberera - makore zana pashure hondo. Mhemberero kwakaitika pamwero. Paiva kunyange kuvakwa zvivako pakuyeuka varwi anokudzwa zvikuru uye vatariri vehondo tsarist.

Matatu namashanu Zvivako yakadzorerwa uye akavakawo Shevardino redoubt. Ndicho nokusimbaradza wokutanga kugamuchira nokurova. Rave reconstructed uye ndiyo imwe flushes.

Kudzokera ikoko

Pinda "Borodino munda" (Museum-kuchengeterwa) zvinokwanisika pamusoro motokari mumugwagwa Moscow-Minsk. Kubva Mozhaisk vanofanira kuenda kumavirira kumusha chete zita, ipapo Tendeukirai akasiyiwa huru Monument.

Zvitima vabve Belorussky Railway Station. A bhazi kuuya "Borodino munda" (miziyamu) inogona kubva kuchiteshi "Victory Park" chiteshi nebhazi nhamba 457.

Pedyo nepakati dzokuteerera uye pedyo Spaso-Borodino chechechi akashongedzerwa rokunyaradza kupaka, akaronga kwete chete nokuda motokari asiwo karwendo shuttles.

kwezvivako

State Borodino Military-Historical Museum akazarura davi rawo muguta Mozhaisk. Uyu munharaunda Local History Center uye Imba the artist Gerasimov.

Nhasi, zvinoitwa kwokubatsira chimiro uye vave misangano, nechokwadi vakachengeteka mari. Asi chikuru chinhu - kusika kuipa zvinhu nokuda zvisaririra, kusanganisira avo pachena pachena.

basa

Rimwe basa rinokosha kuti nhasi anosangana munhu "Borodino munda" (Museum), akanga stocking, kunyoresa uye Kuzvinyora akaunganidzwa. Pokutanga iyi nhoroondo Monument - permament kuratidza. Chimwe chinokosha ndiko kudzorerwa zvivako, zvinoratidza, kusanganisira chinjwa. Zviitwa izvi zvinofanira kuitwa nguva dzose.

Zvikuru basa "Borodino munda" Museum-kuchengeterwa kunhaka uye vasinganyatsooni zvirongwa, izvo kwakavakirwa kuzodzosera pokugadzwa kare akarasika kunze Exhibits, avo rokuvakazve, kudzorerwa, kuchengetedza. Nhasi nokushingaira vakatevera museumification zvenhau netsika nzvimbo iri landscape, uyewo munhu Zvivako uye zvinhu zvisati apinda miziyamu "Borodino munda."

zvisakamboonekwa

Kujairirana nhoroondo uye tsika nzvimbo dzinofanira akatanga zvakananga kubva eponymous kuchiteshi chechitima. Heunoi kuti 190th gore hondo yakavhurwa inoratidzirwa akazvipira zviitiko uye magamba rokurwa. Rinosanganisira zvimwe zvinhu pamusoro zvakaitika October 1941 mundima.

Zvisinei, chinonyanya kukosha kwemasimba pakati miziyamu iri pakati romunda Borodino. Chakazarurwa metende pedyo bhatiri Rajewski. Anonzi "Borodino - kurwisana nehofori", iro pashoo anoramba chete yepakutanga mikombe uye zvinhu zvine chokuita kuhondo yakakurumbira. Pano, Somuenzaniso, unogona kuona zvombo uye yunifomu varwi vehondo Russian uye French, uyewo mireza uye mitemo, avo zvinyorwa uye mubayiro nemakadhi.

"Borodino munda" (Museum-kuchengeterwa) rinofumura yakawanda pachavo Zvinhu vechikamu kurwiwa. Pano vari hwakaratidza uye mifananidzo, izvo zvakasikwa vakamborwa uye panguva imwe Hondo 1812-vakasuwa

Muponesi Borodino chechechi

Mushure achishanyira mishoni pashoo centre vanofanira kuenda kunzvimbo kamwe chechi diki vakamira. Nhasi, panzvimbo yayo yakavakwa wemamongi Spaso-Borodino, mundima kuti inoshanyirwa kuratidzira dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, ari kwamagwaro ndichizivisa chii chinoumba "Borodino munda" (Museum-kuchengeterwa) munguva Great Patriotic War, basa mumunda muchipatara, wakaputsirwa nzvimbo kubva Chikunguru kuna September 1941, etc.

kuratidzwa Next - "Military uri chitoyi" - zvishoma chinosuruvarisa mufananidzo dilutes yapfuura mumwe. Akanga kufarira zvishoma vashanyi. Figures varwi vakasiyana-siyana nhoroondo yakareba, uyewo rakasiyana marongerwo, kuratidza mumwe hondo noruzhinji, kuti vana maawa pamberi pacho.

Panguva ino, vakomana kuyemura masoja, vakura vanogona kushanyira refectory pakati wemamongi Spaso-Borodino uzivanewo vapfumi kuunganidzwa kwemashoko Military Gallery. Portraits of vehondo navatariri, corporals uye vanhuwo nhengo Borodino ... It akaunganidza mufananidzo maberere, ine kumativi manomwe unyanzvi Exhibits.

"Borodino munda" (Museum-kuchengeterwa) zvaisazova zvakadaro pasina kudoma zita Russian chaiwo Lva Tolstogo uye, chokwadi, mashoko yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare". Munyori muna 1867 akanga pano munhu. Iye aiva muhotera pedyo nechechi, kuunganidza mashoko ake bhuku inotevera.

Nhasi, masvingo aimbova coaching yevaeni, mumwe pashoo ndichizivisa magamba enyika yokufungidzira "Hondo uye Rugare" uye avo kuita hondo Borodino, uyewo nzvimbo akarwa Andrey Bolkonsky.

Muimba duku uye miziyamu panguva Amai Zvinzvimbo, uyo ainzi Margarita Mikhailovna (chirikadzi General Tuchkov) munyika zvinofanira kutarira anosikwa menyika pamba Mother Mary - muvambi Spaso-Borodino chechechi.

Pakupedzisira, vashanyi vanokokwa kuenda pazuva karwendo muchiuto-nhoroondo kugarwa "Doronin" - rakasiyana nemamwe musha rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, umo anosikwa ari murimi mudiki uye upenyu uto iyoyo. Pano, kwete chete kuona uye kuziva kupi uye sei vakararama vakuru uye varwi pahondo 1812, asi kuravidza musoja chaiyo kufamba Porridge.