"Borodino munda" - State Borodino Hondo uye History Museum uye Reserve

Borodino munda - hazvisi chete chikamu kundima, asi Chiyeuchidzo vose kubwinya uto revarwi Russian uyo vakarwira nyika yavo, kwete chete muna XIX, asiwo XX remakore. Chii rinomiririra makore akawanda pashure kukunda kukuru dzedu vagari? Borodino munda, mufananidzo icho havangagoni kutaura zvose ukuru chenhau nzvimbo ino, kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwavo kuti kushanyira ose Russian.

tsananguro

Vechiduku vakawanda vari kwazvo munhoroondo yenyika yedu mbiri, anoziva mumunda Borodino. Where nzvimbo kundorwa kare asingakundiki hondo reFrance Napoleon uye mauto Russian, anozivikanwa kunyange vazhinji vatorwa. Izvi imhaka guru kukosha muhondo iyi ropa kuti kwakaitika Patriotic Hondo 1812. Zviri munzira dzakawanda mararamiro kare, kwete chete nokuda Russian Empire, asiwo Europe.

Borodino munda ndicho chikamu chikuru nharaunda rakagumbatirwa kumadokero Mozhaisk. It iri nzvimbo ine yokumaruwa ugari. Ane zita rakakodzera - Borodino. nzvimbo iyi inorondedzera kuti Mozhaisk kudunhu Moscow nharaunda. It yakavakwa pedyo nomusha Borodino. Kuti nzvimbo iyi kwaifanira kuva shongwe kukudzwa indomitable mweya varwi Russian.

Museum-Reserve, uye anonzi - "Borodino munda", ndizvo rinoyeudzwa maviri Hondo Yenyika II. On inozivikanwa munyika dzakawanda pasi pose. Zvinonzi yakakurukura miziyamu dangwe akasika muhondo. Ndima kuchengeterwa iri 110 sq. ? km. Zviri anopfuura 200 zvirangaridzo, shongwe uye sezvivako. Vamwe zvikuru nomukurumbira vavo - murayiro mbiru Napoleon uye M. I. Kutuzova, chirangaridzo, zvivako kune nzvimbo mutsigiro mauto eRussia.

Nhoroondo mauto Russian mbiri

On munharaunda ino kugarwa August 26 (New Style 7 September) muna 1812 raiva muhondo makuru zvinoreva pakati hondo reFrance Napoleon uye mauto eRussia. Asi kwete chete Battle uyu Borodino ndiko kuzvikudza vemo. In 1941-1942. munzvimbo yaiva kudzivirira of Moscow zvakanaka.

Map Borodino munda rakazara siyana zviratidzo rinoratidza avo kana painewo dzimwe nzvimbo. The chikuru Zviitiko muhondo French-Russian akatora nzvimbo pakati Smolensk mugwagwa wekare. Zvivako zvakadaro zvinokosha muchiuto dzakanga iri ndima:

• Bagration (Semenov) flushes;

• Shevardino redoubt;

• The bhatiri Rajewski.

Results kurwiwa

Maererano nevanyori venhau dzakaitika, humboo iri hondo Borodino akanga wakapindwa 120 zviuru nemasoja Russian uye 135,000 French. The vokuRussia vaiva 624 pfuti, apo vavengi vavo - 587. The kurwa yakatanga kubatwa rechiFrench musha Borodino, apo vasati vari vokuRussia mauto. The chikuru zviitiko hondo yakatanga panguva 5:00 am, kuruboshwe parutivi weHondo Russian. Panguva ino ari mumupata yaiva Semenovski Bagration flushes. Kwave maawa akawanda kunotyisa kurwa. Flushes kazhinji vakapfuura paruoko kuisa vavengi. Pasi yakafukidzirwa nezvitunha zvevarume namabhiza. Muhondo iyi, Mutungamiriri 2 mauto Western P. I. Bagration akakuvadzwa zvokufa. Pashure paizvozvo, vokuFrance vakakwanisa andobata flushes.

Hondo iyoyo utsinye chaiva ari bhatiri Rajewski, uyo akanga ari nepakati Russian nzvimbo. Muhondo dzakadeura ropa kuti yakauraya zviuru masoja kumativi ose, masoja Russian akaratidza zvavo indomitable kuda kuhwinha. Pasinei nokuti French vakakwanisa akakunda nokusimbaradza vokuRussia pakati uye parutivi kuruboshwe, Napoleon kumbovhunduka kubva kutsunga kudaro kurwa kusvikira rufu uye muvengi ichidzokera yavo yepakutanga nzvimbo.

Hondo Borodino anonzi ari kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda munhoroondo hondo rimwe-zuva. It akauraya 45 zviuru Russian uye vanenge zviuru 40 vokuFrance. Panguva iyoyowo mativi vakanga kurasikirwa kwete chete varwi asiwo vatariri. Muhondo iyi akauraya 23 Russian uye 49 French izvo simba zvikuru mauto risingakundiki pamberi Napoleon vemauto,.

Kukosha Hondo Borodino

Hondo Borodino - mumwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda munhoroondo wehondo Russian. Akanga akarondedzerwa zvakarurama zvikuru yokufungidzira kubva Leo NdiTolstoy "Hondo uye Rugare". Mhedzisiro hondo iyi yakanga Napoleon vatize. Haana chete akasiya atora Moscow asiwo akarasikirwa hondo yake vezviuru zhinji uye France.

Mujinga miziyamu

Muna 1837, Russian Emperor Nicholas I yakatengwa muzita mwanakomana wake Alexander mugove wenhaka mumusha Borodino. Danho rinokosha kuchengetedza kuyeuka magamba wehondo Russian yakanga hwomukova August 26, 1839 kuti shongwe varwi Russian, riri pamusoro bhatiri Rajewski uye reburial madota Bagrationa P. I. mune ramangwana munharaunda iyi miziyamu yakatangwa, yakatsaurirwa mumwe mukuru hondo zviri munhoroondo Russian Empire. General munda rokuongorora inogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu kumusoro Barrow, riri kunze kwomusha nemasiraidhi. Pairi muzuva kurwa nezvakataurwa romukova M. I. Kutuzova. Maererano achembera ngano, pakutanga Hondo Mutungamiriri Flying Eagle, iye akafanotaura mukukunda Russian. Zvinonzi shiri iyi pooping pamusoro obelisk, pamusoro murwi uyu.

Muna 1912, ivo rechi100 gore hondo muhondo Monument rakavambwa 33 akasiyana nokupesana, regiments, Corps, namapoka avo, uye mabhatiri. Vose vari akasiyana kadikidiki pazvikomo pamahombekombe nehova uye eGomo nemakoronga. Vazhinji Zvivako dzakanga yakavakwa mipiro varanda uye varwi kushanda muchiuto, nhaka musoro icharwirwa Borodino dzakabatana.

sezvivako Borodino

Vatengi Borodino minda mukana kuona zvakare 50 zvivako yakaisvonaka, zvose kunoshamisa vehondo uye nyore masoja Russian. Vose vari kumanikidzwa chokudada madzitateguru edu, wovaita pfungwa yokutsigira nyika yavo iri munhu wose. The chikuru Zvivako zviri Borodino kumunda:

• obelisk Field Marshal M. I. Kutuzovu, vakasikwa yakakurumbira mapurani Vorontsov-Velyaminovym.

• Bagration flushes.

• Fatalities varwi French.

• The bhatiri Rajewski.

• varwi Russian.

• Utitsky kuKurgan (Hill Gardens).

• 7 Infantry Division.

• Nezhin Dragoon hondo.

• Wild Horse atirari.

• 2 Cuirassier nokupesana.

• Volyn hondo.

• Tomb pamusoro General Bagration.

• Lithuanian hondo.

• Shevardino redoubt.

• 3rd Infantry Division pamusoro General PP Konovnitsyn

• «Height Roubaud."

• 24 Infantry Division.

• Moscow uye Smolensk nehondo.

• Finland hondo.

• 3rd aifamba nemabhiza Corps uye 1 Horse Battery.

• 12 Infantry Division.

• 2 bhatiri Horse atirari Brigade mukuru Raalya FF

In huru unobatanidza kumusha Borodino kuti miziyamu, inomirira pamusoro yakatanhamara T-34 tangi. Monument iri yakatsaurirwa masoja 5 Army achidzivirira Moscow muna 1941. Kuyeukwa bheji anozivikanwa tira Mozhaisk akavakirirwa nzvimbo, yakavakwa muna 1941.

Misa makuva

Kuwedzera zvivako uye shongwe, vamwe iri kuchengeterwa vakawanda makuva umo nhema kuRussia uye French masoja vakafa mugore hondo Borodino. Next kuti shongwe Bakhmetev weboka vakavigwa vakuru Russian uyo akapa upenyu hwavo pakurwa kuti. The miziyamu-kuchengeterwa imomo Misa muguva varwi akaurayiwa Utitskom musango. Chokurangaridza chiratidzo pamusoro payo yakanga yakavakwa 1962. Panguva iyoyo panzvimbo raigara flushes Bagration, zvisaririra nemasoja kubva mauto vose pazvakawanikwa. Mushure pakuzvichenesa reburial rakazarurwa Tomb of Unknown Soldier. Muna 1912, panzvimbo paiva nenzvimbo Napoleon murayiro, akaiswa chete Monument kune rawa French. On ndiro chinyorwa: ". Nehondo huru Dead"

panewo kuvigwa ravarwi Soviet mumunda 1941-1942, GG, izvo chinenge pedyo ezvimwe vatambi, yakatangwa kukudzwa magamba enyika Patriotic Hondo 1812 Nokudaro, muna Borodino Station riri guva varwi Soviet 5 Army.

History Military Museum

Borodino munda, riri mu nechepakati Military History Museum, chinokwezva mazana vashanyi ose zuva. Chivako huru yakavakwa muna 1912, panguva rechi100 gore wenyika hondo akakurumbira, kuti vavimbezve muna 1812 Zviri akapfuma kwamagwaro uine vazukuru dzemhare vakakurumbira sei Hondo Borodino.

Architectural uye chirangaridzo kunzwisisa

Panzvimbo kamwe ari mumwe flushes Bagration, nhasi inomira akanaka mapurani uye chirangaridzo kunzwisisa. Zvinosanganisira:

• Muponesi Borodino chechechi, ane kuvaka yakaitwa muna 1830-1870 gg

• Chechi Muponesi.

• Kolotsky wemamongi, waiva dzimbahwe Kutuzova M. I.

• Chechi Kuberekwa chaiko, kusvikira pakuguma XVII remakore.

Muponesi Borodino chechechi akavamba Margarita Mihaylovna Tuchkova panzvimbo nomurume akafa - General AA Tuchkov. In imba yake pashoo duku hwakagadzwa muna 1994, pekugara muna 3 makamuri. Rinozivisa pamusoro poupenyu ichi rakakurumbira nemudzimai uye nhoroondo kuvambwa wemamongi. In huru mukamuri chinhu chirangaridzo General Tuchkov.

Modern upenyu-mhepo miziyamu

Muzana XXI remakore Museum-Reserve akapa vashanyi yacho pashoo idzva rakanzi "Borodino -. Hondo zvaRafa" It riri muchivako chomuzana bhatiri Rajewski. Hwaro pashoo ndiwo zvinhu yepakutanga dzinoitwa Hondo Borodino. Zvinosanganisira: mireza uye mitemo; zvombo; yunifomu varwi Mauto maviri; mibayiro; zvinyorwa; makadhi; zvimwe zvinhu. Pano vari hwakaratidza uye zvakawanikwa kubva kuhondo. Pakati pavo pane zvimedu magirinedhi, kanoni balls, mabara. The pashoo zvinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana mabasa ounyanzvi kuti vakasikwa vechikamu uye vairarama Zviitiko yekare. Uyewo dzinoratidza music mifananidzo XIX-XX emakore.

On mundima Borodino munda pane nzvimbo, "Doronin," inova vatambi miziyamu emauto uye murimi mudiki upenyu. Its chikuru chinhu ndechokuti vose zvivako, zvinhu, zvinhu, uye mukati mashoko - chaicho.

Other miziyamu

Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira nezvavaitsanangura ari miziyamu-kuchengeterwa - ". War Gallery" Riri mune kwakavakirwa ari refectory kweChechi Muponesi Borodino chechechi. Hondo Borodino aida chaizvo, saka pashoo inoratidza anopfuura 70 Portraits varanda weuto Russian, iyo pane yakawanda nomukurumbira uye asinganyanyi kuzivikanwa vemauto. Kupfuura chetatu vatungamiri muhondo vakakuvadzwa kana contusion. Hondo Borodino chaizvo yekudyidzana kunokanganisa siyana Layouts uye dzekuturika mikoko.

mutambo Orthodox uye vakiridzo ehondo

Borodino munda muna 2005 raiva vakatozodzokera nokuda International vechidiki mutambo "Hama". Vazhinji nyika zvikwata zvinobatanidzwa pazvinhu kuti recreate hondo hondo 1812 uye 1941 Gore negore kuwedzera nhamba masangano akasiyana zviri kuitika kwavari. nechido kwakadaro kunopa vanhu ano mukana kutarira munhau yokumusha kwake kuburikidza maziso vanhu kubatanidzwa maari. Izvi rapprochement pamwe kare kunoita kuti zvakazara kuwana nhoroondo uye akaramba zvizvarwa. Nhengo muchiuto nhoroondo zvikwata zviri kuitika munyika zvirongwa zhinji rokudzidzisa, mienzaniso, kuti kupfura vhidhiyo.

How kusvika miziyamu

Tinokushuvirai zhinji kushanyira Borodino munda. How kusvika kubva Moscow? Pamberi miziyamu-kuchengeterwa hakusi nyore kusvika. It ingasvikwa:

• By motokari, achikwira 102? Km of Minsk penzira. Zvino unofanira kutsausa zvakarurama akananga Mozhaisk. Kubva mairi Pointer kumusha Borodino vanofanira kupfuura 12 chete? Km.

• bhazi kuti kure nzira №457 «Moscow Mozhaisk." Gara pairi, unogona panguva chemabhazi panguva Metro yemapurisa "Victory Park". Zvinotevera kuenda chemabhazi "Borodino".

• By chitima unogona kuwana kubva Belorussky njanji kuna Borodino Station, uye ipapo kufamba unofanira famba 3 km kuti miziyamu pachayo. Travel nguva yava maawa anenge 3.

Museum-Reserve anotora zvose boka Tours uye yokufaranuka vafambi. Ruzivo miziyamu mudonzvo kuchabatsira pamwe kusarudzwa imwe nzira nomunharaunda yacho Borodino munda, mapurani uye chirangaridzo kunzwisisa. Vanotaura nezverubhapatidzo dzose nguva imwe mukuru hondo munhoroondo nyika yedu.

Mumusha Borodino ari Datenroku "Mozhayskoe Ranch" apo vashanyi azorore nezororo.