Cementation simbi - muitiro wayo tsananguro. Carburizing simbi pamba

Pacharo carburizing simbi inofanira iyo inobva makemikari-chafariz kugadzira. Chaizvoizvo Its une iri Implementation pamusoro saturation pamusoro diffusion pose akati zvokunyama zvakakwana yakawanda kabhoni apo nenharo kune imwe nharaunda.

Carburizing simbi. Chinangwa chiito ichi

Chinangwa chikuru chemusha izvi ndiko kuita vapfume ari pamusoro paiva muchina zvikamu uye zvinhu zvakakodzera yakawanda kabhoni, kuti chikamu iyo inogona iyi kuva 0.8-1.1%. Somugumisiro akadaro kuvhiyiwa inotengwa pashure richipedza mukuru nenhanho neukukutu acho, apo ayo epurasitiki chinoumba anodzokororwa. Izvi pfuma inokosha acho.

mhando

Maererano mwero simba chinoumba dzidzo rakakamurwa mapoka makuru matatu kupatsanurwa zvinhu:

• With neuprochnyaemoy core. In boka iri zvinosanganisira pezvitsiga dzakadaro atadze Steels kabhoni, sezvo 10, 15, 20. Shandisa navo zvakadzama pamwe diki kukura uye malootvetstvennymi mabasa. Pano, kuti atadze rukoko pakuita kuomesa austenite kushanduka kuva ferritic-pearlitic nezvakasanganiswa.
• With musimboti, muedzo simba. Boka zvinosanganisira chromium pasi chiwanikwa simbi pezvitsiga akadai 15X, 20X. Pane vakabata mamwe doping kubudikidza kuwedzererwa duku vanadium kunobereka kwazvo zviyo, chinoguma nani ductility uye kusimba mashoko.
• With zvikuru hardenable core. Steels veboka iri zvinoshandiswa kugadzirwa nezvikamu, vane guru muchinjikwa chikamu kana kunzwisisa configuration, uye nekusangana chinokosha zvazvinoita kana kuvhunduka mitoro kupesvedzera yakawanda kushushikana variables. Vanotakura kutungamirirwa nickel (12Kh2N4A, 12HNZA, 20HN). Nokuda chishoma zvinhu iri dzimwe nguva kuitwa yokutsiva yawo manganese, kushandiswa navaduku chiyamuro yakawanda vanadium kana titanium kuti vakadzvinyirirwa zviyo.

Kumboda carburizing chinoshandiswa kuumba yakakwirira chikamu chenyika neukukutu wemigove, uyewo kubudirira mukuru mukurumari, izvo zvakasikwa nokushandisa Kupisa kurapwa mushure kuitisa muitiro.

Ndezvipi mashoko kutengeserana ichi vari pasi

Carburizing hwendarira inoshandiswa zvinotevera zvigadzirwa:

- rachulis ;

- "minwe";

- miseve;

- namasanhu;

- zvireruke;

- "Makonye";

- kubereka zvikamu (kura zvindori uye clip), uye vamwe.

Nzira dzekufambisa carburizing

Kana pane mhando dzakawanda iyi, mumwe nomumwe wavo ane yayo unyanzvi uyu muitiro richashandiswa. Kazhinji, atadze simbi angabudiswa pasi ezvinhu akasiyana uye runyararo, uyewo fanira tembiricha kuti 850 kusvika 950 Celsius. Naizvozvo, kugoverana nzira anoverengeka chiito:

1. Process carburizing zvichiitika hwakasimba carburizer. Muchiitiko ichi zvichibvira kushandisa makemikari zvokuvakisa (mapfupa zvemhuka, huni, etc.) uye inorganic (chemubhotoro) pachiimbwa activators siyana. Vapfume kuti kabhoni kuchaitika munguva makemikari maitiro oxidation. Kushandiswa activators iyi nyaya kunobatsira kuti zviri nani uye dzichimhanya maitiro. Nzira iyi ndiyo chaizvo pakubudiririsa mukuru carburizing udzamu. Hazvina nyanzvi zvaAtemisi simbi zvigadzirwa chikwata zvinyorwa. Zvisinei, izvi ndizvo chaizvo nguva unoparadza, kunosanganisira kuva zvekushandisa guru simba, nguva uye simba.

2. Chiito carburizing kuitika pasi pokudzora magasi. Nzira iyi zvakajairika kushandisa yemwoyo magasi (dzinongoitika, hunde, etc.). Kana chikamu inert (senitrogen). All kunobva munhu. Kunze carburising simbi-inobva gasi iri vanowanika pamwe chikamu chiduku aliphatic zvine Mahydrocarbon, propane kana alkanes. Kakawanda, nzira iyi inoshandiswa nenzira huru dzinotambudza kugadzirwa, asi zvikuru anodhura tichitaura mari. A nzira yakafanana rinoshandiswa chafariz kugadzirwa. In inopisa muchoto rotortnuyu raitongwa wemisanganiswa kuti makemikari mukuru samolecular yeimwe (semuenzaniso, turpentine, ethyl doro, etc.), izvo zvaizoitawo anokwanisa hupere pasi pokudzora catalysts (nickel).

3. kwacho mvura carburization. Rinoshandiswa nenzira cyanide uye bestsianidnyh dzokugezera. Mumwe nemumwe runyararo izvi kunoratidzwa warwo maitiro, zvakanakira nekuipira. Somuenzaniso, cyanide mabhati hadzina semhosva isingakuvadzi. Dzinowanzotanga semhosva ngozi zvakatipoteredza vezvenhau kwete chete kwezvakatipoteredza asiwo vanhu. Naizvozvo, kana uchishandisa zvinhu zvakadaro vanofanira kuedza kutevera zvose ramakanzi kuchengeteka matanho kudzivisa zvisingafadzi. nemigumisiro. Asi nzira kwakavakirwa bestsianidnoy kugeza haisi varumbidzwa kushandisa nokuti kuti inotungamirira kusingarapiki kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye pakubata kukuvadza zvikuru. Nzira idzi kana vari kushandiswa tsika, zviri chete chete kudzika pakadzika carburizing.

Heat nokurapa atadze zvigadzirwa

Izvi zvakare zvikuru kukosha kugadzira mashoko. Pashure pezvose, kunyange pashure cementing chigadzirwa haana yakakwirira chikamu mukurumari uye rakavimbika. Naizvozvo, chokupedzisira danho hazvisi basa nokuomesa uye tempering. Richipedza muitiro ane vanoverengeka zvinhu uye zvivako. The yose muitiro anotora nzvimbo pasi pokudzora cementation chezviyo kukura, uye anodzoka pamusoro muchinjikwa chikamu chiri asiri yunifomu dzapera vanoiswa. Naizvozvo akadzorera richipedza mumatanho akawanda, mumwe nomumwe kunoitika mune zvimwe tembiricha ezvinhu.

mhedziso

Pashure pokuverenga apa, tinogona kutaura kuti sangano izvi panguva zvaAtemisi simbi zvigadzirwa kunokosha chaizvo. Chiito ichi yekudyidzana kusimbisa pamusoro rukoko chikamu. Kana tiine unyanzvi chaizvo munharaunda ino uye anodiwa zvinhu uye midziyo inogona kuitwa carburizing simbi mumba.