Chakarebesa gomo munyika: Top 4

Mumwe gomo - zviri zvikuru, asi kunyange nani kana yakawanda kumakomo. Kunyanya zvinofadza ziso, kana ivo ikashandiswa kuva muhomba refu, iyo nenhongonya humwewo pamwe pamipata zviduku anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri, uye izvi zvose rakasanganiswa Kutaurisa nzizi. runako kwakadaro, achitambanudza zviuru makiromita, haazoregi munhu hanya. The kwaita neeSultan gomo kutsanangura dzidziso paumbwe zvokuyamura. Panoti muhomba mumipata, makomo nezvikomo kuumbwa nokuda kudhumhana ari Continental mahwendefa, zvinokambaira mumwe. Zvakaoma kufungidzira masimba zvinodiwa izvi. Uye hazvisi zvakakodzera. Zviri nani kuva nemhaka yavo mabasa. Kunyanya kana iri wakarebesa gomo munyika. Ngatiitei ratings dzavo uye kutsvaka nzvimbo.

Cordilleras

Chokutanga, ndinoda kujekesa imwe inokosha. Zvizhinji havanyatsonzwisisa ava eAndes makomo, asi ivo vari vaviri akasiyana zvachose dunhu, kuumbwa panguva dzakasiyana. Vamwe kudana eAndes "Cordillera De Los eAndes", asi havana makomo izvi hazvishandi. Uyewo, kuvhiringidzika inomuka pamusoro nzvimbo yavo. Cordillera "kusanganisira" North America kubva kumaodzanyemba uye kumadokero, kutanga gobvu okunze nokuidzivirira. For South America, mumwe chete basa reDare eAndes. Zvinofadza kuti makomo aya anenge wekuita panguva mhesano 2 dzeAmerica. Naizvozvo, vanowanzoororwa aibatanidza kuva chete wemakomo eJudhiya, riri chinhu chakaipa. Zvichava zvakarurama kwete kuvhiringidza hofori izvi uye kusiya Cordillera of North America, uye eAndes - South.

Saka, zviri Cordillera - wakarebesa gomo munyika, kureba pfuurei 18.000 makiromita. Vakasiyana "nevamwe" dzavo dzinoverengeka zvinhu. Cordillera submeridional vawedzere bedzi mugwara kuva mukuru chikamu marefu vakaumba orotektonicheskih zvikamu zvishanu vemazera akasiyana vane basa mukuru uye kuputika seismicity.

gungwa gomo

Havasi vose vanoziva kuti makomo vave kwete chete panyika asiwo pasi pemvura. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti vakawanda vavo hwakavanzirwa maziso vaibvakacha. Uye vari vanofarira zvishoma, nekuti mumakomo izvi regai kuenda Skiing. Eya, kukunda misoro vachatsvaka zvikuru musoro. Asi pasi pemvura cheni hakusi muduku nokuwanda panhongonya. Urefu pemvura Hofori zvakaoma kuziva, asi kureba nechiyero zvakaoma.

Saka, nzvimbo yechipiri muna chepamusoro "chakarebesa gomo munyika" iri Mid-Atlantic Ridge ane zvachose kureba 18.000 makiromita. Riri pakati kuAtlantic Ocean achitevedza American pamhenderekedzo redunhu. inotungamirwa Izvi zvinosanganisira neeSultan akawanda: Knipovicha Mona Reykjanes, South uye North Atlantic. Individual nenhongonya vakanga kuva zvitsuwa (the Azores, Bermuda, uye zvichingodaro. D.). Pakati neeSultan pamusoro apa haasi kunyanya yakakwirira, akwegura kana muduku, sezvachiri wakarebesa gomo pasi mushure Cordilleras, kuti zvakanyanya. Enda mberi.

eAndes

EAndes - ndiro yechitatu rakareba kupfuura gomo munyika, pamwe zvachose kureba 9000 makiromita. Ake yakafara pamberi eAndes rinotarisa Pacific Ocean, uye kuchamhembe vauye muCaribbean. Nechokumabvazuva muganhu kunotungamirira kune Andean gomo neeSultan. Zviya, yakasiyana zera neeSultan dziri pamwe yose kureba gomo hurongwa. Orogenic kufamba mberi, uye ikozvino, achiperekedzwa kwenyika uye kuputika kwendangariro.

EAndes ndizvo kuti munzvimbo dzine makomo, kuona munhu akakurumbira dzemakomo mapazi uye paumbwe inokosha glaciation. Kureba guru migodhi hurongwa kunotema musiyano iri unyoro uye nokupisa kugoverwa kwayo nomumwe zvikamu. Pasinei nokuti reIndia ane makomo hunhu, nharaunda yayo yagara dzine vanhu vakawanda. Andean Ndudzi nyanzvi mukuru mumapani, intermountain pamipata nembiya mukati kugomo hurongwa uye dzakashandisa hupenyu izvi zvinhu. MuAndes ndivo kupfuura makomo misha, mataundi neminda. Mukati nhanhatu makomo dziripo physicogeographical dzakabatana. Asi munyaya ino tichakurukura zviviri chete: Central eAndes uye Tierra Del Fuego.

nechepakati eAndes

The zvikuru regomo kwaasingasvikiri. In kwayo siyana makomo iri kuArgentina, Chile, Bolivia uye Peru. For orotektonicheskoy mamiriro kunoratidzwa matunhu nenzvimbo dzakakwirira gomo nenzvimbo dzakakwirira - "Pun" (kana "paAltiplano" muBolivia). Hard evaMedhia siyana, mukati iro mubani mashoko aumbwa, rakakamurwa akawanda zvinogumbura. Izvi zvinooneka pane makatsemuka kuti yakabuda nokuda kuwedzera magma uye dhaka Rwako. Somugumisiro, pane mubatanidzwa pamapani nomumapani nomunzvimbo dzine, nzvimbo peneplain uye dhaka nenzvimbo dzakakwirira. On okunze, Central eAndes rakanyatsojeka dzisinganayi.

Tierra Del Fuego

Archipelago inosanganisira makumi inoverengeka kuzvitsuwa inosiyana. Remasangano kwavari, achitora-zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu yose nyika nzvimbo - pamusoro. Tierra Del Fuego. Islands ndezvedu Argentina uye Chile. Kumadokero Chikamu Tierra Del Fuego, eAndes gomo hurongwa mberi uye zvakasimba dissected. Mountains (1000-1300 metres) yakakamurwa intermountain mumipata, uye vamwe vari vakazadzwa mvura penyanza - mumatambudziko, fjords. The yakakwirira (2469 metres) riri pamusoro Big Island. Hunodzorwa vekare glacial zororo. A yakawanda madziva dziva pedyo moraines.

In dzakawanda rezvitsuwa, ine unozvidzora mugungwa ekunze. Kumadokero chikamu rose gore, rinorema kunonaya (pfunha) kusvika 3000 mm. Kumabvazuva kunayisa zvishoma - 500 mm. Cool zhizha chando pfupi kudziya (1-5 ° C). Akashanya muna Tierra Del Fuego, vashanyi vanoti kuti zhizha ikoko, sezvo ari achinaya mvura uye dzechando zvakafanana subtropics (nokuti tembiricha). With kuwedzera pemakomo uye tembiricha anodonhedza zvikuru kare panguva kumativi 500 metres rinosvika zvakaipa ukoshi.

Transantarctic makomo

In Antarctica, hapana chando kwete chete, chando uye PENGUIN, asiwo gomo. Uye zvikuru refu. Antarctica All michinjikwa mumwe muhomba hombe, unogovera nayo muEast uye West. Izvi chando Zirume, izvo inoremekedzwa nzvimbo wokupedzisira ari chepamusoro "chakarebesa gomo munyika", anotambanudza nokuti 3500 makiromita. The muhomba sezvayakawanikwa shure muna 1908 na Captain Ross. Mumakore akatevera, akanga kakawanda ayambuka pakutsvakurudza nzendo, asi vakawanda yasara unexplored. Sezvineiwo, zvino pane Satellite kuongorora, iyo anobvumira, kana kunzwa muhomba, ipapo kanenge kuitarisa.