Chii chikamu chekutaura? Ndeupi musiyano pakati pemagariro ehurumende uye akazvimirira kubva kune umwe?

Mubvunzo wechikamu chekutaura mumabhuku emitauro yemazuva ano kunokurudzirwa pachikoro chepuraimari. Inonyanya kukosha pamusoro pevana vomunharaunda inogamuchira kubva mugore rokutanga rekudzidzisa. Uyezve ichi ruzivo rwakadzorerwa. Kudzidza kwemapoka emazwi maererano nemitauro yavo yegiramendi yakapedzwa, sekutonga, mukirasi yechinomwe.

Saka, chii chikamu chekutaura? Neshoko iri tinoreva chimwe chikwata chemaxical units iyo inosanganisira semantic yakafanana uye morphological features. Nokuda kwezita, zviratidzo zvakadai zvekubatana zvichave zvisingabatsiri, kudururwa kwemashoko anowirirana uye akakodzera , kuvapo kwenhamba uye zvepabonde, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Uye nechiito-chirevo chechiito kana chiito, chiri chemufambi wakakwana kana usina kukwana, kuvapo kwechimiro chakanaka chekufungidzira - kuwirirana. Mashoko echidzidzo pamusoro pechikamu chekutaura zvakakwana mumabhuku anokosha. Saka, ngatigarei pamatambudziko akaoma e morphology.

Kusiyana pakati pemashoko ekuzvimirira uye ehurumende

Maitiro emafungiro mumutauro weRussia ane gumi chete. Izvo zvakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: kuzvimiririra, hurumende uye kupindira. Izvo zvikamu zveexical units dzine ma grammatical kusiyana. Kakawanda vadzidzi havazvizivi. Mashoko akakosha nguva dzose ane chinyaridzo chinooneka uye kududzirwa. Pasinei nokuti chinhu, chiito, chiratidzo kana nhamba, tinogona kugara tichizvifungidzira kana kutendeukira kune tsanangudzo dudziro. Mashoko ekushandira haana maturo kubva pakuona kwemashoko, basa ravo nderokushanda kwemamwe mabasa: kusanganiswa kwemashoko akajeka sechikamu chekuoma kunzwisisa, tsanangudzo yekutenderera kwezwi rimwe rinokosha kune rimwe, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Uye kupindirana kwakakosha pakureva manzwiro kana manzwiro: oh, oh, uh, iwe nezvakadaro.

Homonymy in morphology

Vadzidzi vakawanda vechikoro vanobvunza mubvunzo wakadaro: chii chinonzi morphological chimiro chezwi rokuti "thanks"? "Chii" icho chikamu chekutaura? Kana kuti "kunotonhora" here? Uye shoko rokuti "kuimba"? Uye zvakafanana, pakutanga, maitiro akaoma ekugadzirisa kuwirirana kwemashoko ezwi, iyo yakaiswa yakawanda. Kutaura zvazviri, chinetso chinogona kuitika chete kana pasina kukwanisa kubvunza mubvunzo shoko. Asi pasina chirevo chemugumo, hazvibviri kuziva kuti chikamu chekutaura chiri pamberi pedu, munyaya ye homonymy hazvibviri. Asi mumutsara zviri nyore kwazvo kunzwisisa: ingoisa mubvunzo.

The gerundive / preposition:

• Kuvonga (chii?) Chevabereki, Anna akavakumbatira zvakasimba. Kuvonga (chii?) Chavo chavanotarisira, akadzoka.

Pronoun / union:

• Ivan akabvunza kuti: "Chii (chii?) Ndicho chikamu chekutaura?" Andrei akapindura kuti (haagoni kubvunza mubvunzo) iye haazive.

Muchidimbu chirevo /

• Kwazisazisa kwaiva (chii?) Kutonhora. Kubva pane izvi ndakave ndakanyanya (sei?) Cold.

Vheki / mutsara wechifupi:

• Manheru ano akaimbira rwiyo kwandiri (akaitei?) Pamusoro pekuti iye akanga atoimba tora (chii?).

Ndicho chikonzero kufungisisa kwemashoko ezwi nguva dzose kunoratidzwa mumutsara chaiwo kuitira kuti vadzidzi vagone kubvunza mubvunzo kubva kune imwe yexical unit. Sezvawaona ikozvino, tsanangudzo yechikamu chekutaura haingorori chete pamagetsi ekuyeuchidza zvikamu zvegiramatic, asi inoronga uye inonakidza.