Chombo kunzwisisa "Caliber". Cruise chombo "Caliber". Combat Chombo System

In chitubu 2009, kwemasimba kudzivirira enyika mu Asia Bureau "Innovator" kokutanga akasuma chombo chinoita zvokukandwa ezvinhu ane rwendo chombo "Caliber-K." Inoitwa zvina dzakadaro zvombo gungwa. The chombo Hurongwa "Caliber" sokunge zvisingatomboiti gumi-mitoro mudziyo iro rinoshandiswa kutakurirwa. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti tivhare zvakaoma kuti vakaona risati activation nguva.

"Available inokosha chombo hurongwa" - vanonzi Developers mutsva chombo gadziriro, nekuti mutengo wayo yakanga chete asingasviki mamiriyoni gumi emadhora.

chiine zvombo

The Western nyanzvi muchiuto, nezve masking akadaro akaita kutya, nokuti rutendo kwaari vose mitemo murwi kubva iyoyo yakachinja zvachose. mudziyo kwakadaro kunogona kuva nokungwarira pose; mudziyo negungwa, uye chitima, uye kuti ave karavhani mugwagwa, uye kuti achibhururuka ndege. Naizvozvo, mudzivisi sezvo zvakafanira kuitisa kupfuura kunyatsoongorora, asati asarudza kurwiswa.

Asi chero chiteshi uye kuchiteshi, chihombe mari iri dzakabudirira mumidziyo dzakadaro. Ivo ave yokuchengetera, vanogona kuiswa kana midziyo anogona kuiswa vashandi. Mukuwedzera, vanogona dzine marudzi simba zvinomera, uye zvakawanda. Uye kuona Ndeupi mazana ezviuru mumidziyo riri mukati chombo yakaoma "Caliber" kwakaoma zvisingaiti.

Kutakurirwa rehurumende kushandiswa akakwana zvinhu zvakadaro. Pakati zvisingaverengeki zvikepe uye nezvitima pamwe chete, hapana midziyo yakasiyana kuwana kuti chete musoro. Uye arambe satellites dzavo pasina dzongonyedzo kuri zvisingaiti.

tidzikame West

Maererano yokuBritain pepanhau «The Daily Telegraph», nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti kana Iraq ainetseka chombo mugadziriro, hazvingaiti kuti United States angadai nechisimba Persian Gulf, sezvo zvachose chero chitakuriso muGulf angave mungarava ane chitundumuseremusere kunzwisisa "Caliber ".

NePentagon akaratidza hombe pamusoro kuti Russia akatanga kupa chombo enyika vose vaya vanogona Akatsoropodzwa United States. Vanodavira kuti zvinhu munyika vachange destabilized kana zvombo zvakadaro kuwa, somuenzaniso, muVenezuela kana Iran.

Muna US uye ipapa kunetseka kuti Russia aida kutengesa Iran S-300, rine kuratidza chombo kurwiswa US kana Israeri. Hatigoni kutaura kuti chombo chinoita zvokukandwa kunzwisisa "Caliber" - ichi hachisi mhepo kudzivirira muuraye zvombo.

"Caliber" unhu. Nei West saka aitya?

Kwekutanga chombo hurongwa akagadzirirwa rakapinzwa chete pazvikepe uye Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Asi budiriro OKB "Innovator" iri yokuti itsva rwendo zvombo zviri kuiswa mune kwakajairika mugaba uye anogona kumhanya autonomously. Saka kushandisa zvombo zvikuru achinja.

"Gauge-K" rine musingaitwi mitemo kushandiswa. Range rwendo zvombo "Caliber-K" rinobva maviri namakumi mashanu kusvika mazana matatu makiromita, havana ballistic. Pakuvamba, vokuAmerica akabvapo chipi kukamurwa kunze kwenyika yavo rwendo zvombo "Tomahawk". Somugumisiro, uye Russia haana aina kurambidzwa rwendo zvombo, kunyanya chinhambwe chiduku chakadai.

Chii saka yazivisa nePentagon vemauto chombo yakaoma "Caliber"? Unhu kunzwisisa havasi zvakasiyana uye itsva sverhtehnologichnym. Haina refu-siyana kurova kubaya uye haisi super-kutsanya.

Zvisinei, ngozi yacho zvakaoma nokuti muvengi ndechokuti ari chaizvo chitsidzo mudziyo uye anongoda asingaoneki chero ungwaru - hwokugadzira kana mhepo. Zvinogona nyore kuisa zvachose kwese Somuenzaniso, nokuti riri pamhenderekedzo kudzivirira. Mushure zvose, zviri rwendo zvombo chete. Asi! Pamusana kwavari, pakarepo aputse kumahombekombe kuzvidzivirira hakushande nokuti hungada kuti varove nezvinangwa zvakawandisa, vakawanda izvo uchava venhema.

Naizvozvo, mutakuri regai angatsunga kubhururuka kumusoro pedyo pamahombekombe, uye Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika kurwisa chikepe havagoni kuva akanaka zvikuru kana kuedza kumhara.

Pfungwa kuti kana mhepo kudzivirira uye tucked kure iroro mugaba, panguva zvomumvura miganhu, zvirokwazvo hapana aizorega vanokanganisa.

How kuvaka chitundumuseremusere mudziyo

Chombo hurongwa, mudziyo mhando anobudiswa Russia JSC "Kunetseka" Morinformsystem-Agathe. " Mune imwe mudziyo ari yakaiswa pamusoro kanda mana zvombo. Asi kunze uku, tinofanira mamwe maviri mudziyo zvakafanana. Mune rimwe pasi kunofanira kudzorwa Unit, uye mune mamwe - rutsigiro Module upenyu uye simba zvitengeswa. Kuburikidza navo abudisa kuvariritira nezuva uye macheki, vachigamuchira mirayiro kupfura, dzemaitirwe ari kubaya data, kuitisa kudzidzisa pamberi kutanga, ndege basa uye nezvekutanga zvitundumuseremusere.

Kuziva zvose izvi, kukosha kukurukurirana zvakanaka kufamba nenzira Satellite, murayiro romukova uye rikarira. Naizvozvo, magandanga kashoma kushandisa unyanzvi ichi, sezvo vasina satellites, uye "Caliber" anobvuma kubatana kuburikidza Russian nzvimbo muboka.

Mudziyo zvombo - kupangidza mungozi yokurwiswa munguva

Purpose mudziyo kunzwisisa chiuno ngarava rehurumende munguva nechitarisiko vanotyisidzirwa. Zvayaiva pedyo nemhenderekedzo, vakavhara pasi kumahombekombe kubva kumhara ndege. In pamberi migwagwa uye njanji, vanova Mobile Anti-zvivako, anogona kumisa muvengi ari chinhambwe kwete asingasviki zana nemakumi mashanu makiromita kana kupfuura. Naizvozvo, nokuda kwokudzivirira zvivako izvi zvikuru inobudirira.

Chete "Caliber" zvakakwana kutsiva rengarava uye wengarava avhiyesheni. Mwero mutengo zvakaoma chaizvo nemakwikwi tichienzanisa dzinodhura midziyo kubva Western Europe. The zvakaoma chakakwana Ngarava dzepasi pemvura German, frigates, Spanish, wokuItaly, helicopters nezvimwe zvombo. Kunyange United Arab Emirates vari kushingaira uyewo kuyeva zvivako.

Russian chombo zvivako

Mhuri "Caliber» (kana «Club» - ayo ekisipoti musimboti) zvinosanganisira zvombo mashanu akasiyana mashandiro, simba uye siyana. Photo "Caliber" rinotaurwa pazasi.

Antiship rwendo 3M54E yakatanga pachishandiswa "mutamba" iro rinoshandiswa nokuda kwokushora vatakuri ndege. Uchishandisa siyana chombo iri makiromita mazana matatu. The kutiza nokukurumidza chombo chinoita zvokukandwa ndiyo 0,8 inzwi velocity. Kana kuswedera vavariro yaro kumhanya inowedzera uye kiromita anopfuura rimwe chete wechipiri. Zvisinei, kunyura imwe mutakuri ndege rimwe chete Ridzai chombo chete asingagoni, uye naizvozvo ane chombo tactical.

Rocket "Alpha"

Asi chikamu chombo gadziriro wokutanga waiva chitundumuseremusere, "Alpha", iro pakutanga akaonekwa muna 1993 pagungano pashoo muna Abu Dhabi uye remarudzi Aerospace anoratidza muna Zhukovsky. Mugore iroro akanga wokurera.

Western notation chitundumuseremusere - SS-N-27 Sizzler. Asi anonzi "Club", "Turquoise" uye "Alpha". Asi Russian Cipher zvombo - "Caliber".

India kutanga vatenga nyundo chombo kunzwisisa "Caliber". Vakanga yakaiswa pamusoro frigates uye Ngarava dzepasi pemvura vakapakata wengarava mauto India, wakavaka Mapoka Russian. Ngarava dzepasi pemvura avo kuti kare watengwa, pakugadzira uye mazuvaano basa. Uyewo, izvi chombo hurongwa, kwakasarudzwa nenzvimbo China uye dzimwe nyika dzinoverengeka.

"Gauge-H 'uye" C-caliber "

Muna 1990, aina akapawo zvombo Club-N uye Club-S kuti Ngarava dzepasi pemvura uye pamusoro ngarava. Pakutanga, vakanga kushandiswa kukunda Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Saka, 91RE1 chitundumuseremusere raparurwa kubva Avangard chubhu iri mashanu nenhatu millimeters. Kuburikidza yakasimba mugove injini chobudira pasi mumvura uye kwira. Next, injini iri kusashanda uye Danho rechipiri rwendo chombo "Gauge" anopfuurira kutamira zvokusvika mikuru. Yepasi pemvura, iye ari oga. Papera chinguva, mukuwedzera kune zvombo, kurova Ngarava dzepasi pemvura, uye kunzwisisa akanga vakapakata Anti-chikepe zvombo. Famous Ngarava dzepasi pemvura "Warszawianka" Project 636,3 kunorwa zvivako Club-S. Vari aivigirwa kuIndia uye China, Vietnam uye Algeria.

Cruise chombo 3M14E

chombo ichi ane zvakafanana maitiro pamwe 3M54E1. Zvisinei, rakagadzirirwa kuparadza pasi huru, kwete pasi pemvura ( "Caliber PL") uye pamusoro ( "Caliber NC"). Chombo Tsika mhando iyi zvishoma zvakasiyana kudzorwa. Zvinhu zvayo utariri ndiko barovysotomer kuti anopa namano ndege nokuda kudiwa yakarurama isanamira kukwirira panguva rounding rokuyamura nzvimbo uye kuongorora zvinhu nemasaisai gadziriro, iyo chinowedzera mukuru-zvakarurama nhungamiro.

3M54E uye 3M54E1. Zvakafanana uye misiyano

3M54E 3M54E1 uye kuvawo rakafanana configuration. Vari akaita maererano mureza aerodynamic configuration inodonha-pasi trapezoidal bapiro, asi zvisingapindirani kwenhamba nzendo.

At kanda 3M54E matanho matatu: chakasimba mafuta pakutanga, Mutsigiri mvura reagent uye wechitatu zvakasimba mafuta.

Start anotanga nokuda Danho rokutanga, pashure icho vakaparadzana uye raparurwa bapiro boosters-buri. Nokukurumidza Panguva iyi inosvika mazana maviri namakumi mana nokukwirira por wechipiri. Pashure kuonekwa ari kubaya rechipiri Danho iri vakaparadzaniswa otanga wechitatu. Nokukurumidza panguva iyoyowo kukura kusvika chiuru metres por wechipiri.

Musiyano mukuru kubva chitundumuseremusere 3M54E1 3M54E - ndiyo kusavapo pechikuva rechitatu. Naizvozvo 3M54E1 chombo ane chete subsonic. Zviri mapfupi pane makubhiti maviri. Asi warhead kwayo kupfuura zvinenge kaviri zvichienzaniswa chitundumuseremusere 3M54E. 3M54E1 nhunzi uyewo enzanisa muenzaniso, asi kwete vakaparadzirwa pakupedzisira.

Achangobuda zvombo Russia

Twenty-wechitatu September 2014 mukuru Black Sea Navy akaudza purezidhendi kuti Novorossiysk hwuchavapano yepasi pemvura, wakaiswa kumberi rwendo zvombo. Apo President akakumbira kujekeserwa chii chaizvo kuwanda mu mubvunzo, zvikepe wavarwi akati siyana zvombo ari gumi zana makiromita. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti idzva zvombo Russian vaiva rwendo zvombo mhuri 3M14 kuti "Caliber".

Chokwadi chokuti Diesel-emagetsi Ngarava dzepasi pemvura kuti vari muGungwa Dema rengarava, nezvekutanga torpedoes dhayamita mashanu namakumi matatu namatatu millimeter. It ane hunhu izvi uye rwendo chombo "geji" anotaurwa kumusoro. chombo iri raparurwa kubva kutwasuka zvivako kana yepasi pemvura Avangard namano. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, inoitwa marudzi maviri kuhondo zviyero: rinokosha uye kwakajairika. Nemhaka rinokosha chikamu nezviito chombo chinoita zvokukandwa anogona kunge yakakura.

Izvi zvombo tsva Russian Black Sea Fleet unokubvumira kutsikwa kunangwa kunze kweGungwa Dema, kwete kusiya nzvimbo pakati nekutumirwa kwemauto zvachose.

Saka vanhu akaudzwa pamusoro kuwanda zvombo nehafu chiuru makiromita. Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vagara aiziva izvi uye kunyange refu-siyana zvombo. Muna 2012, mukuru reCaspian flotilla akatotanga akataura kuti "Caliber" zvitundumuseremusere, dzakanga akatasva ngarava yake inogona siyana mune makiromita maviri namazana matanhatu.

Nokudaro, Russian rwendo zvombo wakakwidzwa uye hwasvika "Tomahawk" US zvombo ane zvakawanda maviri nehafu zviuru makiromita zvenyukireya warheads, uye ane zviuru zvitanhatu zana dzakakwirira-putika kusabatana warhead.

Military nyanzvi iri kumberi zvombo

Nyanzvi vakabvumirana kuti kushandiswa kumberi rwendo chombo hakupesani Chibvumirano pamusoro zvibviswe nganisa uye svikiro-zvenguva zvombo, nokuti havana kuwira pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa gwaro iri, uye mumwe, nemhaka US, hakuna kutarisirwa.

Current kuratidzira

Nyanzvi International vairiziva pokumuka zvombo zvakadaro pamberi 2009 kuratidza. Kwemasimba muchiuto midziyo pamwe kutora chikamu kwe "Caliber" ndakaiswa pamberi. Muna 2006 iri Nizhny Tagil Rocket "Arufa" yakatanga akaratidza panguva pashoo. Uye isu tiri kutaura chombo refu asati kuti, kare 90s.

Muna 2010, international uto inoratidzirwa muna Kuwait uye chombo gadziriro "Caliber" yakapiwa. Izvi kumahombekombe kunzwisisa Club-M Mobile-mhando modular yakaoma Club-U uye mudziyo yakaoma, atova rinomiririra gore kwokutanga Malaysia, Club-K.