Conduction uye dzepanguva kushanda musana

Spinal hwomunhu ane kunzwisisa mashandiro kuti rinoumbwa "zvikamu" akasiyana siyana. Uye mumwe nomumwe wavo kunokosha nokuda kwedu upenyu huzere. Nokuti tine nomuzongoza, tiri kutamira. Reflex basa pamusoro musana chikuru, izvo anoita. Kuwedzera payo, pachine nemunhu. Zvakakodzera kufunga izvi zvinhu zvakawanda uye kuziva kuti mumwe nomumwe wavo ari basa.

Paumbwe musana ari mudumbu rinowanikwa mudumbu, uye iyoyo, kana akanga achiri vasingazivi akazvitakura. Pakazopera mwedzi wokutanga, izvozvo akateya nheyo musana mbiru wokutanga. Zvisinei, apedzise inotungamirwa rayo pashure pokuberekwa kutora nguva yakawanda. Zvimwe zvikamu uropi vari pakupedzisira kuumbwa, kana mwana akatsauka 2 namakore.

Sei musana

Zvinoratidzika sokuti musana, haasi munhu wose anoziva. Uyezve, havasi vanhu vose vane pfungwa zviri zvayo muchinangwa wose muupenyu. Maererano izvi kuzadza pakakoromoka ichi ruzivo. Uyezve, vanhu vakawanda vanofunga kuti isiri uropi uye musana - chinhu yoga chikamu.

Kuti tizive kuti nei uchida dzepanguva kushanda musana, edza kuona kuti akaita. Zvechokwadi chitarira anotanga uye apo painoguma ari musana, hazvibviri. Rinotanga kubva pakutanga vertebra chete pasi dehenya, zvishoma nezvishoma unobatanidza pamwe kuuropi munharaunda iyi. Weboka kupinda uropi uye musana ari kungoitawo, tingatoti musana zvakanaka kupinda musoro. Saka, tinogona kugumisa kuti zvikamu zviviri izvi ndizvo chete isangano.

Location of musana uye ayo membranes

Uropi inodzivirira dehenya uye musana zvakavigwa musana uye akapoteredzwa membranes matatu. Chokutanga izvi sendarama, dzakatetepa uye munyoro. It yakavigwa midziyo ropa kuti anunure zvinovaka muviri kuti muuropi. Nemamwe mashoko, musana rudzi "nhume" simba pakukurukura.

Kuramba kutaura nezvekuti dzepanguva kushanda musana, haangaupfuuri kurutivi rwechipiri nemamiriro Kuongorora arachnoid. Pano pane chinokosha nzvimbo, anonzi subarachnoid. Mumazana kureba nomuzongoza, zvinonzi akazara cerebrospinal mvura (CSF). Rakanga naye uye kutora nzira puncturing pamusoro kuongorora kuona mamiriro utano pamusoro musana.

Last goko iri kunze uye ane pose zvakaoma kuti inoita kuti pave inodzivirira basa pamusoro siyana kwokunze makuvaro.

Zvinoitwa musana

In vanhu vakura musana pakureba kusvika masendimita 45 chete Ukobvu 1.5 cm. Its uremu conservatively kuyerwa haisi kupfuura 35 magiramu. The yose uropi rakakamurwa muzvikamu akawanda, izvo ngaubve pamidzi dzakasiyana:

• pamutsipa;
• zamu;
• lumbar;
• Hondo;
• coccyx.

Saka sei dzepanguva kushanda musana, remuromo uye lumbar-sacral nharaunda zvinokosha zvikamu nomuzongoza. Panyaya iyi, vari yakadzivirirwa nani - hunhu atora nokuuchengeta, achivaita zvikuru mukobvu uye denser. Zviri munzvimbo idzi tsinga anokosha, izvo zvinogona kukonzera mutsekwende kukundwa. The remuromo nomuzongoza ndiyo kuunganidza Midzi, basa racho maoko. Midzi rezasi weboka vane basa racho repasi maoko nemakumbo.

The musana kwevanhu tambo anodzora basa zvose zvomukati. Mumwe nomumwe wavo chokuita chero chaiyo dhipatimendi. Mukuwedzera, yose musana Canal rakakamurwa muzvikamu, uye mumwe nomumwe madhipatimendi izvi ine nhamba yacho. In mitsipa yavo 8, mune mazamu - 12 ari lumbar uye sacral 5, uye coccygeal hune mumwe kana vaviri.

Chii mukati?

Kuti uzive kuti inonzi reflector uye conductive kushanda musana, tora atarire nechomukati. The yose uropi yakasiyana heterogeneity mu sezvamunoita uye ruvara. Pakati musoro nyaya, izvo akapoteredzwa chena. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anokonzera vamwe mabasa, mamwe dzichakurukurwa.

pfumbu nyaya

Gray nyaya kana substantia grisea rinomiririrwa mbiru akawanda izvo chokuita mumwe nokuda pamahwendefa maviri (kumberi uye pasi), inonzi yakatesvera panyanga dzacho. On chikamu chimwe yembiru izvi zvinogona kuonekwa kuti vachena nyaya iri chimiro chakafanana shavishavi pamwe rakapararira mapapiro kana Latin tsamba H.

Uyezve, unogona kuona kuti fuma kuratidza maberere kuti zvimwe vanonzi nyanga. Vanogona kunge mberi, pamadziro kumberi uye neshure kumhanya nenzira musana rusvingo. Uye wokutanga uye wechipiri vaviri, uye ndine rakamanikana uye yakafara chimiro. Asi kuwedzera mberi uye neshure, kunewo parutivi nyanga, izvo akanyudzwa nzvimbo yacho autonomic tsinga.

Ndeipi dzepanguva kushanda musana? Chokwadi ndechokuti zviri Anterior nyanga kuri injini Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu, pezvakaitwa izvo zvinoumba etsinga midzi chinokosha.

wachena nyaya Middle inopfuura musimboti gwara, rinova akazara doro. Yokumusoro Chikamu gwara zvakabatana cerebral ventricles. Muchiitiko chino, zvikamu zvose zvinoti: ventricles, nechepakati Canal uye subarachnoid nzvimbo uchipinda munyaya riparadzirwe cerebrospinal mvura.

chena nyaya

White fuma - substantia alba, vachena majasi, vakaumba boka tsinga fibers, idzo kuuya matatu mhando:

• mberi;
• shure;
• divi.

Panyaya iyi, zvose midzi vane nzira dzakasiyana, uye vamwe vavo chokuita uropi uye zvakananga nechepakati tsinga (hereinafter nyore CNS). Uye kana dzepanguva kushanda musana ndiko kwokupa anonongedzera kuti injini Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu ari pfumbu nyaya, dambudziko neuronal chena nyaya - a nokukurumidza chokuendesa pulses tsandanyama pezvisungo zvenguvo medulla oblongata. Saka, kuchinjwa zvose mirayiro chinozoiswa achitevedza musana.

Hedzinoi nzira idzo uchatamisa substantially ose mashoko chokuita nehanya uye marwadzo. Just usati kupinda cerebral cortex, mashoko okutanga anosvika zvenguva pfungwa, uye chete ipapo nenhokwe pamusoro wayo kuenda.

Basa uropi hwedu

Nokuti nokukurumidza uye akarurama mashandiro muviri basa vachikwira nekuburuka anotenderera. Recent hova kunotangira kushandisa krasnoyadernyh uye lateral nzira. Zviri kuburikidza nzira aya akaita dzepanguva conduction uye musana chaitika. Nokuda krasnoyaderno-musana makwara anobudiswa involuntary motokari nomunhu. Nepo nokuti zvemasanga nomunhu mutoro lateral cortico-musana nzira.

All midzi vari yaipiwa pachavo mutsinga uye arteries, somugumisiro achiumba neurovascular masumbu. danda mumwe nomumwe basa chete warwo chidimbu uye ari is rudzi, nokuongorora kuuya Data uye kuparadzira anodiwa nomunhu.

Kukundwa matanda kunotungamirira chakakomba pathological uye dzimwe nguva kusingarapiki kuchinja mumuviri womunhu. Uye saka penyanzvi aigona kusarudza danda payakarovera, uye vemunyika marwadzo, nhamba yezvidzidzo zvinoda.

Reflex basa

muviri wedu aronga kwazvo, uye zvose zvokunze anotikurudzira, muviri wedu zvaanoita zvakasiyana. Zvinonzi inobva hunenge yokuzvidzivirira mashandiro. We ndokuotsira, kukosora, kuwana kutsva, inotanga kubva unopinza inzwi kana kwavowo sei gusts nemhepo. Ndivo zvose mienzaniso dzepanguva kushanda musana uye mabasa akafanana kuitika kunze kwedu kuzvidzora.

Saka tinogona kupindura chero vakurukurirane, kusanganisira dzinonetsa mamiriro pamusoro pepasi ganda redu vanoiswa nociceptors. Sezvo muenzaniso wakajeka: anobata inopisa muhadyana kana chero pose, isu akapotsa pakarepo anorega rwake. The kuita zvazvingava zvokuti kutsanya kuti hazvibviri kunzwisisa nguva puranga. Nokuti dzepanguva akaumba munhu mhete rechipiri, izvo zvinokonzera tsandanyama uye kuderera.

Unogona kupa mumwe nyaya kakawanda. Vamire zvachero sveta chikamu utsi kana guruva kuturika zvuva mhino, sneezing kana vangakosora kunotangira. Saka, zvakava pachena kuti munguva yakadai pfupi nguva mashoko rwaiwanikwa, kupatsanurwa uye "nevanozvitsigira" yedu vakarayirwa kusunungura muviri pamberi miviri yokumwe.

conduction basa

Saka, chii runoratidzwa mune dzepanguva kushanda musana, zviri ikozvino pachena, unogona kuenda kune mumwe, ariwo dambudziko chinokosha - waya. It iri nokupfuuridzirwa anonongedzera mu akwira pamakwara kune huru muuropi. Pairi, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, zviri tichimhanya kuti rigone nzira yakanangana chero simba.

Conduction basa kunotibatsira kuti hunogutsa chiito:

• tora kana kukanda;
• kumira kana kugara;
• enda zvishoma nezvishoma kana kumhanya;
• penda;
• kutema.

Vose mabasa aya tinoita muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kumba kana kubasa uye kazhinji chete regai cherechedzai.

ichi kubatana uropi zvose, musana, yose musimboti tsinga, nhengo dzomukati uye mapazi womunhu muviri inoita nevamwe pezvawakaita. Kunyange zvemberi robhoti havagoni kuzvirumbidza pamusoro nhamba nemafambiro avo, rinogona kuita chero bioorganisms.