"Cornflower" (82 mm dhaka): unhu, mapikicha

Mumaturi muna XX remakore akava rinokosha kuti vaifamba zvombo mhando. Maererano nomudonzvo toiletries, zvichienderana caliber, zvakagadzirirwa kushongedzera ari anokwana zviyero kambani, rechiuto, regimental uye divisional chechetere. nzira Anowanikwa moto kuparadzwa raiva "Centaurea" - dhaka vanokwanisa vachiridzira watsemuka, uye kana zvakakodzera mabasa kare akasiyana kuti atirari pfuti.

Chii dhaka

Mugore klassiske pfungwa dhaka - rudzi chombo kuti anoshandisa ndege rukova riri kuumbwa pamusoro kuvesa kuti propelling vebasa. Upfu chiridzwa ichi anosarudza mirayiridzo uye kutanga velocity pamusoro projectile, akadana zvangu uye anomiririra minhenga nhare. Fiyuzi, kazhinji, nokudyidzana iri kwayo nechemberi. Kazhinji kuronga zvinosanganisira dhaka bvisika chawo ndiro, mumwe bipod, kutungamirirwa mudziyo uye sighting. Zvakare, muna zimbabwe pfungwa vachizvitakudza chinoitwa rwetende vapfurwa. Mina akashanda kubva tomu kuti Upfu chivharo dzinongoda panguva rwemberi projectile unopisa detonator, zvichiguma activation kuti propelling vebasa.

Zvisinei, mumaturi muna USSR uye varindi akadana Katyushas. "Tulip 2S4" The hurongwa zvakare, pasinei kwayo zvakajeka howitzer hunhu, ndezvaiye kirasi iyi zvombo, kunyange chinowanzoonekwa kunzi kuzvidzora propelled atirari.

MuSoviet Union rakazoshandiswa nedhaka "cornflower" muna 1970. Photos of moto zvombo yomuvengi manpower kunenge kuwadzana pfuti. Zvisinei, chimiro uye nemamiriro goko kunoratidza pachena kuti ndezvangu. Zvombo haana maoko, ndiyo dhanzi. Saka chii symbiosis ichi kwepfuti uye mumaturi? Uye chii nokuda? Ndezvipi ayo zvakanakira?

Mumaturi uye pfuti

Zvikonzero mumaturi zvakapararira, vashoma, uye vose kukosha. Izvi rworudzi chombo kunoratidzwa hama zororo, nyore, richiratidzwa manufacturability, uye kuramba, yakakwirira simba unoshamisa uye anokwanisa kufukidza chinangwa kubva kumusoro, kubva kudenga, kuti ndiye, kubva nechokugedhi kuvaduku kuchengeteka. Nokuti vachiridzira panguva inoshandisa dzidziso trajectory uchishandisa howitzer kana dhaka. Cannon mune ichi anoyera zvakawanda, mari zvakawanda akaoma uye kudzivirira bhajeti iri yakawanda. Gun Chokwadi, tine zvayo zvakanaka, ndiko kuwedzera refu siyana, caliber uye kururama, asi pasi zvimwe ezvinhu vasangana muhondo kazhinji, mikana aya zvaizopedza. The mutsetse pakati mbiri nevakawanda senzira yokuparadza caliber zvinenge zvakakwana erases dhaka "Cornflower", pikicha iro shandisweyi pa "ukama" hwake pfuti. Zvichienderana nzvimbo Upfu, inova akafanana muduri, howitzer uye zvatinosiita pfuti, kupfura zvigare. Kana kuti ichi tinoisa anonakidza ehupfumi munhu mukuru mwero remoto, chombo rakasiyana zvinova pachena.

Nhoroondo "Cornflower"

Pfungwa rakasikwa akurumidze-dhaka dzakatangira mune post-hondo Soviet Union. Muna 1946, akagadzira VK Filippov kunoburitsa kushandisa rollback simba kuti recharge pfuti, izvo mhosva breech. Pacharo, ichi mhinduro haisi itsva, kunze inokosha kuti rakaiswa chokuita dhaka, pane kufambira-pfuti. Filippova kushanda hwakabudirira, muna 1955 QAM chigadzirwa kwakaitwa Soviet Army. Mwari akaronga kuti kushandiswa mune mira ezvinhu (casemates uye rakasimba masvingo) uye aiva nokukurumidza-moto otomatiki dhaka. Makore mana gare gare, ndakanga ndagadzirira uye kuedzwa munda shanduro Kama vakagamuchira zita F-82. For kujeka zvikonzero, muenzaniso uyu nhasi pakuburitswa run haana. Muna 1967, pashure okunatsiridza, akanga achiri kugamuchirwa neHurumende basa. Maererano hwakagadzwa tsika iri atirari, iye akapiwa ruva kuputsika inonzi "Cornflower". 82 mm otomatiki dhaka aigona moto ine mwero 100 rds. / Min. pamwe mwero moto 170 vaitenderera. The musiyano izvi nhamba mbiri imhaka nguva inodiwa kuti recharge kukaseti.

Nadzurudzo of "M"

Makore akawanda ebasa muchiuto akabvumira mainjiniya kuwana mhedziso kuti mvura kutonhora Upfu inogona kuregwa. Wandisa pabutiro kuchengetedza kubva overheating panguva kumusoro vachiridzira zvazvingava, zvabviswa, vakawedzera rusvingo ukobvu nechepakati nzvimbo kungotaurwa pose mbabvu kuti kuvandudza kupisa kutapurirana ezvinhu uye azadzise basa dzedenga kutonhora redhiyeta. Mune zvimwe zvose zvakanga zvakafanana "Cornflower". The dhaka akanzi 2B9M (dzakachinjwa), kunge zviri nyore kusiyanisa kubva rapfuura shanduro ribbed dhiramu. Sezvo mamwe tsika iyi mhinduro akaruramiswa, kunyanya nokuti mamiriro mugwenga, mauto vari kusangana kuperevedza mvura iyo.

Chii anogona "Cornflower"

Dhaka ari chaiwo shanduro anotambura chakakura chakagadzirwa pakakanganisika. kuti hazviiti simba hunokonzera misha yose ino nokuda pasi deformation uye zvemaziso migumisiro pamusoro hunde. Tapedza bara, dzemaitirwe anofanira kuchinja parameters uye kuonana chinangwa zvakare. The mudziyo dhaka "Cornflower" achibvumira rinobatsira hazviiti simba kupa goko itsva muhombodo Upfu. Hydraulic kuvhunduka absorbers akaisa akapoteredza hunde kushumira tibatsirwe zvakawandisa kwayo. Somugumisiro, kururama zvabuda achiri kumusoro utariri tungamidzana moto. Joko ane zvimbambaira mana.

pakawanda

Mumwe zvakanakira "Cornflower" chiri pakawanda. Pairi unogona kupfura nenzira dzakasiyana.

2B9 anogona kushandiswa sebhanditiwo dhaka, zvaitwa rokukwidza kubva tomu umo nyaya. Zvisinei, chikuru musiyano pfuti kukwanisa kwayo kupfura pfuti sezvo zvisingatomboiti zvishoma uye kunyange kunaka (kusvika 1 °) angled kuti pakakwirira. Nokuti vachiridzira mu "dhaka" rudzi, mhando nhatu mhosva, pamwe atirari zvombo kwezvipimo nzira angashandiswa. Kune modes zviviri: zvaitika uye kuroorwa.

zvombo

3V01 kusabatana zvombo pena nguva dzose, izvo rakagadzirirwa 120-mm dhaka "Cornflower". Its chiito shrapnel, asi Kuwedzera zvinosanganisira zvimwe mhando mhosva, kusanganisira tinofanira kugara zvakagadzirirwa kuparadza warrior motokari.

The maumbirwo rinosanganisira kupomera vamwe pane zvimbambaira Shestiperov O-832DU, chikuru propellant mutariri F-832DU. Kana kwokutanga velocity 272 m / That rinotipa zvakawanda maronda kubva 800 kusvika 4270 m. Misa propellant zvombo ari 3100 magiramu, zvimedu kuumbwa panguva yemasikati nhanhatu, nerimwe rairema inopfuura giremu. The nharaunda dzamarudzi kukundwa - 18 mamita.

Tisingatauri makuru propellant mutariri aida kupa kwokutanga velocity angu uye dziri ayo muswe mugove, uye zvakare kushandisa. Chisarudzo kubvuma kushandiswa vavo pakuverenga wavarwi, kuziva chinangwa chiri pamoto dhaka "Cornflower". Vachiridzira siyana zvinobva kusarudza okuwedzera propellant. Vane refu jira cheholchiki ine putika kufukidza annularly muswe chikamu projectile pamberi uye stabilizer yakanamatira ne kwakajairika buttonhole fastener. ukobvu yavo pakutsvaga nhamba - 1 kusvika 3.

mufambo Aids

82mm dhaka "Cornflower" anoyera 622 makirogiramu, saka kutakura inokosha muchina kushandiswa. Zvazvakadaro, raiwanzoshandiswa akachinja GAZ-66, akasarudzwa 2F54. The pfuti ari kufora ari mumuviri, mune chaiyo zviitiko (nokuti kukurumidza kuchinja chinzvimbo kana zvimwe kamwe-Pazvinotanga ezvinhu) akabvumidza Towing. Kukarukureta ine mana (mutungamiri, murwi, loader uye mutyairi vemikova).

Kumadzimai mazano vakaramba vakakurudzira mainjiniya munyika dzakasiyana vanoedza uvhure zvoga kuzvidzora propelled dhaka. "Cornflower" yakaiswa pa yakawana chassis MT-LB muSoviet Union uye Hungary, sezvo vamwe mhizha mu kuMiddle East , uye nhasi zviri akatasva simba American mauto jipi "Hammer".

Sei kupfura "Cornflower"

ngoro dzose sezvo nyore sezvinobvira, zviri zvakafanana zvake pfuti, kupinda magadzirirwo waisanganisira tireyi uye mafupa. Translations kupinda kurwa ezvinhu kunotungamirira kuti makumbo wabviswa pasi uye uve rutsigiro uye Jack vatsigira vakarambana openers. Automatic dhaka "Cornflower" anogona vachamutswa kana kutura, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ose vachiridzira. The kunonyanyisa kukwirira pakukwirira Upfu iri chinzvimbo iri 78 °, 85 ° iri repamusoro. Kana Shooting inoshandisa dzidziso pamwe pamateru kupfuura 40 °, kuitira kudzivisa kukuvadza zvigadziriswe kubva ekushandiswa pasi, pasi garo ikanyanya anofanirwa akachera rusesi. Low pakukwirira pamakona inoshandiswa aiming Upfu panguva warrior kushungurudza. Panzvimbo ino, 82-mm dhaka "Cornflower" rinoshandiswa senzira nyoro Anti-tangi pfuti duku siyana, asi simba chaizvo.

Panoramic kuona inowaniswa zvakananga moto, izvo iyi achichinja aizviti optics (Pam-1). Sezvo chikamu utungamiri michina inewo chiedza mudziyo "Ray-PM2M", rakagadzirirwa vachiridzira usiku.

rwisana chikumbiro

The guru rokutanga revarwi bvunzo kuti hondo Afghan vakava 2B9. Zvakakurukurwa kushanda kunze munzvimbo mugomo, achironga kuvhomora dzingangoitika pamberi pedu zvombo wakazara. pakawanda ake uye kukwanisa varove zvakavanzika huru, pamwe mufambo, ndakawana kuti kuremekedzwa, iyo yaishandiswa "Cornflower" mauto. Dhaka kazhinji kugadziridzwa kuti asingaremekedzwi warrior transporters MT-LB, vachibvumira kuti nokukurumidza musiye nzvimbo pashure vaviri majana, pasina vakamirira kudzoka moto. Zvino yakawanikwa mamwe magadzirirwo zvikanganiso. Zvikurukuru, tepi yangu haina nguva dzose kuwana panzvimbo dzose, uye dosylka waida kuti chikuru zvikuru chiri ndoridza nenyundo, wakange waswedera loader nguva dzose.

Kazhinji, imwe dhaka otomatiki akaratidza kuva chinhu chakanaka. Ivo richishandiswa mukurwisana dzakawanda zvombo kuti vavapo munharaunda yaimbova Soviet Union, zvikurukuru miviri Chechen hondo.

zvinoitwa

Panguva ino haisi chakavanzika ruzivo nezvekuti dhaka "Cornflower". Features uyewo akarasikirwa ake kuchengeteka kupatsanura nokuda yakafara kupararira zvombo pasi pose.

Zvigadziriswe zviri nyore zvikuru kwazvo sezvinobvira uye kutungamirirwa yakavakirwa sikuruwa edunhu. Manual vachishandisa kutenderera uketani vakatakura chinjikira kutungamirirwa mukati 60 ° kubva kutwasuka uye -1 ° 85 ° (kana kumutswa zvakazara Jack). The kunonyanyisa nharaunda rwisana lesion ndiyo 4,7? Km. Hunde kumeso kutenderera migodhi zvinopa nhanhatu matanga muswe chikamu kuti vari slant hama kuti longitudinal akabatana. The kukaseti rakagadzirirwa mhosva ina. Staff zvombo unotora 226 min. Total kurema akashongedzerwa motokari iri matani anopfuura matanhatu. Kufambira uchifamba mumugwagwa ari kumhanya 60 km / h pamusoro akaoma - 20 km / h. Mune vachiridzira nzvimbo ino ndiyo ndozvakajairwa kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu.

Foreign "Cornflowers"

pfuti Magadzirirwo nyore, chokutanga uye kwesayenzi. Munyika hakuna analogues, kunyange zvazvo yabereka ivhu ava zvino vanhu Republic. Pashure pokuwa kweSoviet Union, China awana rezinesi kuti zvaAtemisi "pfuti-mhando 99" - saka mu China inonzi "Cornflower". Dhaka kakabudiswa huru kwazvo, uye iye zvino zvinogona nezvaakanzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika akafukidza mumurazvo hondo.

Information about kana "Cornflowers" ine ari Russian Army, pari isina. Ungangove, ivo vakatsiva zvakawanda zvivezwa vakakwana.