Deformation: fura, hunyambiri, compression, torsion, vakafugama. mienzaniso deformation

Sheari kugozha, torsion, vachikotama; - kuchinja inzwi uye chimiro dzomuviri apo pachena kuti mamwe mutoro. Kana ichi yekupindurwa daro pakati maatomu kana mamorekuru, zvichiita kuti chitarisiko kwakavharwa nenyama mauto. Funga huru marudzi utachiona vavo unhu.

Compression uye makakatanwa

Tensile kugozha Rinobatanidzwa ne hama kana mhedziso elongation muviri. Somuenzaniso, imwe homogeneous tsvimbo ndee pamugumo. Pamusoro kushandiswa simba pamwe akabatana ari kuita mu negwara, pane ndichisveerera tsvimbo.

Simba rinobva kurutivi yakatarwa wetsvimbo, zvichitungamirira compression muviri. Panguva compression kana Munotatamura mumuviri anochinja muchinjikwa-sectional nharaunda.

Tensile kugozha - nayo anochinja chinhu wehurumende, achiperekedzwa iya wayo akaturikidzana. Miti iyi inogona vakaongorora pamusoro muenzaniso rakasimba, zvinosanganisira inofambirana mahwendefa chokuita ne matsime. Nokuda chinjikira simba rinoitwa fura mahwendefa dzimwe yorusvingo, vhoriyamu muviri hauna kushanduka. Kana kwakavharwa nenyama deformation pakati simba kureva muviri, uye chaishanda angled padzakacherechedza zvakananga Proportional ukama.

vakafugama kugozha

Funga mienzaniso iri mhando deformation. Pane zvakaitika vachipfugama, ari convex mugove muviri pasi imwe makakatanwa, uye concave chaenga compressed. Inside mumuviri uri kuwana deformation kuti musimboti, pane rukoko usingabereki kumbotambudzika chero compression kana ndichisveerera. Inonzi kwazvakarerekera chikamu deformable muviri. Pedyo Zvinoita kuderedza nzvimbo muviri.

In unyanzvi mienzaniso iri mhando kugozha rinoshandiswa kuponesa zvinhu uye kuderedza uremu kuvakwa zvivako. Mbariro zvikukutu uye tsvimbo atsive pombi, njanji, I-matanda.

torsional kugozha

Ichi deformation longitudinal ndiyo isiri yunifomu fura. It kunoitika pasi kuitwa nemauto rinotungamirirwa yakafanana kana chakatarisana hunde, umo mumwe mugumo ndee. Kakawanda vanosangana dzakaoma deformations mashoko akasiyana-siyana uye nzira inoshandiswa zvivako uye michina. Asi nemhaka mubatanidzwa anoverengeka dzakasiyana pamusoro kugozha, zvikuru zvakawanda dzemaitirwe zvivako zvavo.

By panzira, nedanho chinokosha Kushanduka mapfupa shiri nemhuka vakatsiva tubular mamiriro kuita. kuchinja uku vakabatsira nokusimbaradza apa kunonyanyisa pane imwe uremu muviri.

Deformations ari muenzaniso womunhu muviri

The muviri womunhu ari pachena kuti zvikuru zvokuimba kushushikana nokuda kwazvo kuita uye uremu, nekuratidzwa sezvo kurovedza muviri. Kazhinji, deformation (fura) cho dzemuviri:

• Compression nemiedzo nomuzongoza, anofukidza tsoka, maoko nemakumbo yakaderera.
• Pasi Munotatamura nemarunda, okumusoro maoko nemakumbo, tsandanyama, nemarunda.
• Vakafugama maitiro wamativi, chiuno, vertebrae.
• Torsion pachena apo akashandura mutsipa apo kutenderera nayo ruzivo maoko.

Asi kupfuura muganhu voltage zviratidzo, avhuniwe Somuenzaniso, kuita mapfupa, hudyu. Mwanda rejira chete zvakabatana saka flexibly kuti vangave ndichisveerera pavo kaviri. Pakazosvika nzira, Sheari deformation anotsanangura yakazara nengozi kufamba vakadzi shangu dzakakwirira. uremu muviri chichapiwa hwakatamisirwa minwe, izvo kuchawedzera mutoro pamusoro pfupa iri hafu.

Maererano migumisiro yokurapa bvunzo kuitwa muzvikoro, chete munhu anogona kunzi utano vana gumi. Sezvo tisawirirane chokuita utano vana? Kusuduruka, torsion, compression - huru zvinokonzera kutyorwa mamiriro muvana uye kuyaruka.

Simba uye kuoma

Pasinei kusiyana zvipenyu uye nyika zvisina upenyu, kusikwa murume zvakawanda zvinhu, zvose zvinhu uye zvipenyu zvacho zvakafanana chinhu - mukurumari. Below Kungotaura kunzwisiswa sokukwanisa kwemashoko kuti akaramba kwenguva refu nguva pasina zvinooneka kukuvara. Pane simba zvivako, mamorekuru, zvivako. Pakanzi Izvi zvakakodzera nokuti midziyo ropa, pfupa romunhu, zvidhina mbiru, girazi, mvura. Sheari kugozha - ongororo Ipfungwa kuvakwa kuti mukurumari.

Kushandiswa rakasiyana-siyana deformations murume ane nhoroondo midzi. Zvakatanga nechido interconnect kamuti rakapinza yokutenda kunovhima mhuka yekare. Nechekare mumazuva iwayo munhu anofarira deformation. Sheari, compression, hunyambiri, vakafugama kumubatsira kuvaka dzimba, maturusi agadzire zvokudya. Sezvo Michina kukura vanhu vakabvira akakwanisa kushandisa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana deformations zvokuti vakauya rinokosha zvinobatsira.

mutemo Hooke raMwari

Masvomhu zvinodiwa pakuvaka, engineering, achibvumira kushandiswa mutemo Hooke kwakaita kuti fura deformation. The yemaitiro rinoratidza zvakananga ukama pakati simba kureva muviri, uye ayo anoshanda (compression). Hooke akashandisa kuomarara coefficient kuratidza richibatanidza zvinhu uye zvingangoita deformation.

With kukura uye uvandudze unyanzvi zvokushandisa, mano uye zvokuridzira, kukura kurwisa pfungwa, zvidzidzo ve- plasticity uye elasticity Zvaiitirwa. Zvakabuda chinokosha kuedza hwendarira yaishandiswa pakuvaka michini, kuvakwa pfungwa, mashoko yokungotaura hurongwa.

Kuburikidza Integrated yokutaura matambudziko chokuita nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kugozha, zvaigoneka kukudziridza kuvaka indasitiri, kuita chokudzivirira kwerunyararo kwechokwadi mamiriro chizvarwa chevechiduku munyika.

mhedziso

Deformation munyaya mukufamba chikoro wefizikisi, kufurira kwemasayendisiti kuitika munyika mupenyu. In womunhu, mhuka dziri kuramba kuitika torsion, vachikotama, achitambanudza, compression. Uye kuti aite nenguva uye zvakakwana kudzivirira matambudziko chokuita mamiriro kana kufuta, vanachiremba akashandisa zvichienderana kuzivikanwa yefizikisi mu inokosha tsvakurudzo.

Somuenzaniso, usati prosthetic nemakumbo yakaderera, akaita mashoko akakwana kukarukureta pamusoro kunonyanyisa mutoro iyo zvinofanira dzaona. Prostheses vanosarudzirwa munhu mumwe nomumwe, sezvo zvakakosha kufungawo uremu, kureba uye kufamba wevakabhuroka. Kana mamiriro kururamiswa Abuse kushandisa bhandi chaiyo, kwakavakirwa kushandisa fura deformation. Modern vapore mushonga vasingagoni kurarama pasina kushandisa mitemo chaiyo uye mananara, kusanganisira uye dzakakudzingai mitemo yakasiyana-siyana deformations.