Delphi - Application Development Environment

Software kukura nokuti Windows nevamwe akakurumbira anodawo gadziriro zvinogona anoitwa emhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana zvekushandisa. Pakati avo vari pedyo akakurumbira kwazvo pakati Russian uye dzimwe Developers dzinoratidzwa - Delphi chirongwa. Ndezvipi chaizvo pakukura chokushandisa? Ndezvipi chinozikamwa zvayo kuita?

General ruzivo pamusoro Delphi

Delphi - Ide chikumbiro purogiramu, yakaitirwa kuti kumhanya Os Windows, MacOS, uye pamusoro Mobile anodawo hurongwa - iOS uye Android. Hwokuratidza nyore mutauro uye yechiratidzo chizvarwa maitirwe ezvinhu.

Kana zvakakodzera, inopa kuderedzwa ichasimudzirwa kutaurirana pamwechete uchishandisa maitiro uye mumaraibhurari zvakanyorwa mumutauro C uye C ++. Zvirongwa vakasikwa vaine Delphi, regai zvinoda yechitatu-party namatehwe kutanga - zvakadai Somuenzaniso, Java Virtual Machine. Delphi - kuwedzera ezvinhu anogona zvinobudirira kushandiswa nevanhu nyanzvi uye kudzidzisa zvinangwa. Kuti kudzidza dzinokosha dzaro zvingangoitika, kwete hazvo nhaka dzakakwirira zvinodiwa uye ruzivo kunzwisisa zvirongwa mitauro.

Huru zvakwakanakira

Dzidza kuti ndedzipi pfungwa kunobatsirei usashandisa chigadzirwa mune mubvunzo. Apo, nenzira imwe kana mumwe IT-kambani vakatakura pfungwa kuti sarudzo kukura runyararo, Delphi ari achiva kusarudza programmers zhinji uye akataura navo kushandisa. Izvi imhaka yokuti ezvinhu izvi zvinogona kuumba kushanda ari kupfuura expeditious sezvinobvira, kupa navo kumusoro kuita kunyange makombiyuta avo vane mwero Hardware nokurondedzerwa. A chinokosha nharo vachida wekusarudza vaiona kukura ezvinhu - inogona nechimwe zvitsva nematurusi asina kufukidzwa mureza akagadzirwa zvinogadzirisa vaivapo muna Delphi inowanikwa.

Tichave zvino kudzidza zvakataurwa nuances chii zvinobatsira yaibvira Delphi.

The chaizvo pakati inowanikwa

Chokutanga, unogona tisasiya zvimwe zviri inowanikwa pakati svikiro ose-software kukura. Saka, nekubata nzvimbo chirongwa mamiriro kunosanganisira mawa kushanda pamwe mahwindo dzinokosha dzakawanda. Funga pfuma iyi zvizere.

Delphi budiriro zvakatipoteredza, shanduro 7 zvikurukuru, inosanganisira activation zvinotevera kiyi modules: chimiro mugadziri, mupepeti, palette, Vanoramba Inspector, uye dhairetori. Mune dzimwe shanduro Delphi akacherekedza zvinoriumba anogona kunzi zvakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, mupepeti anogona anoenderana pahwindo purogiramu code, akagadzira - chimiro bhokisi. Zvisinei, functionality yavo ichava zvakafanana. Kunoonekwa Delphi inowanikwa zvinhu kungaita zvakasiyana-siyana upiyona zvishandiso. Kunyanya maviri okutanga kuonekwa zvokusvika maonero-software kukura maitirwe ezvinhu. Asi zvakakosha sezvo vamwe. Funga zvinhu kushandisa akacherekedza Delphi modules.

Form Designer, Editor uye palette

Shandisai chimiro mugadziri yokuvaka pave inowanikwa kwayo. Uyewo, zvakanyorwa bumbiro mupepeti. programmers Vakawanda yemutemberi kusarudza Delphi pakukura ezvinhu sendarama Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mhinduro, ive nharo kuunza nyore kushandisa fomu akagadzira. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti izvi anoita yakafanana zvikuru mutambo.

Panongotanga inodzidzisa rinotanga pakusika chirongwa uye anomhanya muchimiro mugadziri, ipapo pakutanga rine hapana okunze, ndiye chinhu. Asi akanga pakarepo kunogona vakazadzwa kushandisa zvokushandisa riri pane imwe Delphi module - palette. Zvemamiriro chirongwa inowanikwa, izvo configured muchimiro mugadziri vanofanira kutarisira chikwata, izvo, akavapindurawo, zvakanyorwa mupepeti.

Asi shure asi kune palette. Achibatsirwa rinogona kuiswa muchimiro akagadzira yakarurama zvinhu. Kuti ushandise imwe turusi vanofanira tinya kamwe pairi - chero ari nzvimbo palette, kechipiri - ari muchimiro wakachenjera hwindo. Zvadaro, unoenderana chinhu ichatsedukira munzvimbo kukura, uye zvinokwanisika kuti taurira bumbiro remitemo iri mupepeti nokuti.

chinhu inisipekita

Chimwe chinokosha chaikosha kuti rine Delphi - chikumbiro kukura zvakatipoteredza Windows nevamwe akakurumbira platforms - chinhu inisipekita. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti mashoko akaratidza mariri Anochinja: zvinokanganisawo mamiriro chinhu kuti anosarudzwa mune fomu akagadzira.

Chinhu Inspector mamiriro iri. Inoitwa mahwindo maviri. At mumwe wakaiswa algorithms kuti tizive unhu nhengo zvinoriumba. Wokutanga anoratidza ehupfumi, rechipiri - zviitiko. Kana programmer achida kugadzirisa zviri algorithms chokuita chaiyo zvinoriumba, izvozvo anokwevera kubva kugona zviri Vanoramba Inspector. Somuenzaniso, unogona kushandura Positioning-siyana zvenyaya inowanikwa purogiramu yavo yakakwirira uye upamhi.

Muna Vanoramba Inspector ane Bookmarks, unogona kushandisa ufambe pakati mapeji kufungisisa ehupfumi kana zvinhu nechokuita zvakananga mupepeti. Saka, kana iwe watinya kaviri kudivi rworudyi chero zvinhu kwakaratidzwa pamusoro chidzitiro, bumbiro remitemo unoenderana nechimwe chiitiko, akarara ari mupepeti.

Software budiriro iri Delphi ndiko kushandisa Vanoramba Inspector kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvakafanorongwa nechokwadi kuti chokushandisa ichi kuti chaizvoizvo kushandura ehupfumi upi zvinhu iri chimiro, uyewo pacharo. Taidzidza zvose zvimwe chete chinhu inisipekita.

Chinhu Inspector: mukutora mikana

Kuti tinzwisise kuti Delphi Ide tichitarisa kudyidzana Inspector zvinhu uye zvitarisiko, unogona kuedza kuchinja ehupfumi zvimwe zvakafanana zvinhu usashandisa inowanikwa In Windows - Somuenzaniso, dzemari, Button uye Listbox (gare gare tichaongorora chaizvo zvavo zvakawanda). Kutanga vanofanira kuiswa chimiro, Delphi vachishandisa iripo nzira.

Unogona kuedza kushandisa Ctl3D pfuma. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira tinya chimiro, uye ipapo uende Vanoramba Inspector uye kushandura kukosha pfuma iri mubvunzo. Pashure fomu iri yekudyidzana kuchinja chitarisiko. Panguva imwe chete Ctl3D pfuma achashandurwa neimwe okunze kuti anoiswa pahwindo okukura.

Pashure pokutaura kuedza tinogona kudzokera kuumba uye kusimbisa ukoshi Ctl3D. Pashure vanodzoka kuna pezvokuvamba dzemari uye Listbox. Zvino unogona kushandura ehupfumi dzavo, nzvimbo iri chimiro, chitarisiko. Somuenzaniso, kusarudza Edit chinhu kubva Muterere, uye ipapo - Size, kuti programmer anogona kushandura upamhi uye kukwirira zvinhu. Pane nezvechisarudzo kuronga navo pakati, kubudikidza kusarudza Edit uye Align. Kwakakodzera zviito huchachinja chii kunoratidzwa muna Vanoramba Inspector.

kushandura ehupfumi pakati zvakamisa hurongwa zvinogona kuitwa nyaya Delphi module. Somuenzaniso, kana basa iri kutsanangura kwavari chairo ruvara, ndiko kuti, kusiyana kunobatanidza zviridzwa anoverengeka. Chekutanga, unogona kupinda murayiro chaienzanirana ruvara - kufanana tsvuku - clRed, - munzvimbo wechivako zvakanaka. Chechipiri, inodzidzisa anogona kusarudza ruvara kubva pachikwata. Chechitatu, pane nzira mbiri-tinya Color Properties - hwindo vachaonekwa ruvara-nokuveurwa. Saizvozvowo, mumwe yokuvaka anogona kushandura hunhu uye zvimwe zvinhu - somuenzaniso, Sarudza mhando, ruvara kana kukura.

dhairetori

Delphi - Ide, izvo nechimwe munhu zvakakwana hwakadzama rubatsiro hurongwa. Kureva izvozvo, kusarudza Help Muterere chinhu. Ipapo uchaona rimwe svikiro tava yambotaurwa kukura Software modules pahwindo - mutungamiriri. Feature kuzvishandisa ndiko kuti kana unopfuurira F1 User achagamuchira yakananga ruvhevhe, kuratidza specificity uyu kuroorana chokushandisa. Somuenzaniso, kana ari programmer iri kushanda pamwe chinhu inisipekita, anogona kusarudza mumwe zvivako, uye ipapo achizviendesa F1 uye kuwana mashoko okuwedzera pamusoro akakodzera kuzvipedza. Zvakafanana zvinogona kuitwa kana tichishanda neimwe zvenyaya inowanikwa, rinosanganisira kukura ezvinhu Delphi 7 uye dzimwe shanduro zvakakodzera mhando software.

Zvimwe zvinhu inowanikwa

Pakati pezvimwe zvinokosha zvinoumba ari nhau inowanikwa Software zvinogadzirisa - zviripo, kuti Quick Access Toolbar, uyewo chifananidzo mupepeti. Achitaura Muterere - zvinoita kuti programmer kuti zvakasimba kuwana zvakamisa hurongwa aripo sechivako pokumuka kwezvakatipoteredza. Kurishandisa sezvaungagona pamwe negonzo, saka uye kushandisa hotkeys. Zvayaiva chete pasi Muterere of Quick Access Toolbar. Vamwe mabasa ayo bindepinde nevaya vari chakanangana Muterere, asi kuwana kwavari nokukurumidza. Image mupepeti Delphi ari chinhu chakafanana Paint chirongwa muna Windows. Ndiko, achibatsirwa kwayo unogona kuita nyore kugadzirisa mifananidzo kupfeka kwavari zvinyorwa nezvimwe zvinhu.

zvirongwa Tools

Delphi - Ide, izvo zvinosanganisira vazhinji maturusi kuwedzera programmer kunyatsoshanda. Saka, zvatakurukura pamusoro kiyi modules vari nechimwe chine zvinokosha zvokushandisa. Pakati avo: asi debugger, compiler, uyewo zvinoriumba uye WinSight WinSpector. Ona kuti mune dzimwe shanduro Delphi akaongorora zvinhu vanofanira kuisa ariega. Tikadzidza specificity yavo.

Delphi debugger

Achitaura debugger - chokushandisa ichi anotsigira bumbiro remitemo mupepeti chikamu kuita anodiwa macheki ose zvakakodzera Software algorithms kuti yakarurama. With izvozvo, yokuvaka kunogona kuongorora kwaunowana yekubvuma mutsetse norwonzi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kwakarongwa kuti dambudziko iri, sezvo pave zvinoriumba, Delphi somunhu standalone chigadzirwa inogona vaisanganisa ane zvokunze debugger, izvo rinobvumira programmer kuti kunowedzera ongororo yekubvuma kunotangira ari software.

Delphi compiler

zvino isu kudzidza specificity of vaiona pakukura zvakatipoteredza compiler. Cherechedza kuti mune Delphi mamiriro ingasanganisira anoverengeka runoenzanirana okunze. Saka, pane nezvechisarudzo kushandisa compiler DCC, iyo inobatsira vanenge apo basa tichishanda chikumbiro ari kwokunze debugger.

Winsight uye WinSpector

modules Ndivo vaya inofanira kuiswa iri Delphi mberi. Inozivikanwa ne hama chinetso mukudzidzira. Zvisinei, programmers vazhinji chinozoiswa zvakasiyana-siyana Delphi pakukura kwezvakatipoteredza, zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinoriumba izvi kuva nechokwadi kudzidza kushandisa. Saka, Winsight module inoshandiswa kuongorora Windows mashoko. chinoumba yakadaro WinSpector, tinofanira kugadzirisa mamiriro kombiyuta rinokosha faira. Kana mukufamba-software kukura chero kukundikana chichaitika, zvinokwanisika nguva dzose kuvhura faira uye ona chii vangave kukonzera dambudziko.

mureza zvinoriumba

Delphi budiriro zvakatipoteredza, Vhuṱanzi zvatiri kudzidza, chinosanganisira dzinoverengeka mureza zvinoriumba, izvo uyewo kubatsira kuziva. Nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti vaya zvinotevera: MainMenu, PopupMenu, Label, Edit, dzemari, Button, Checkbox, Radiobutton, Listbox, Combobox, Scrollbar, Groupbox, Panel, uye Scrollbox. Tichadzidza zvavo chaizvo.

chinoumba MainMenu chakagadzirirwa anobvumawo mukuru Muterere iri inowanikwa vakasikwa chirongwa. Kuti aite izvi, isa yakakodzera chinhu pamusoro chimiro, uye ipapo shevedzai Items pfuma kubudikidza Vanoramba Inspector, uye ibva waona yakakodzera Muterere zvinhu.

chinoumba PopupMenu chakagadzirirwa zvakumbirwa abuda Muterere mu inowanikwa vakasikwa purogiramu, kureva, akazarura pamwe kombiyuta rwerudyi mbeva bhatani.

chinoumba Label ari kushanda kuti chinangwa rugwaro unoratidzwa mupurogiramu pahwindo. Inogona configured Somuenzaniso, kuisa zvinodiwa Fonts iri Vanoramba Inspector.

chinoumba Edit iri kusashanda kuti kuratidza rugwaro chidzitiro zvimedu, iyo inodzidzisa anogona aongorore apo chirongwa iri kumhanya. Dzemari kwayo chinoumba mukwanisi Via izvo zvaizoitawo vanogona kushanda pamwe guru rwezuva. chaikosha ichi unotora Somuenzaniso, mikana yakadai shoko wrap, akatevedzera wenyaya.

chinoumba bhatani chakagadzirirwa kuita zviito siyana nokutsikirira bhatani apo chirongwa iri kumhanya. Uise runoenzanirana chinhu pamusoro chimiro, agozopinda yakakodzera remitemo.

chinoumba Checkbox rinobvumira kuratidza paInternet chidzitiro ine hwindo duku, izvo zvinogona kuiswa maki ine mbeva. A yakafanana chaikosha - Radiobutton. Vakasiyana, chokutanga, pakaita - rokuti yechipiri yakaitwa somunhu denderedzwa, uye chepiri kuti nhengo wokutanga kubvumidza mawa pakusarudza anoverengeka zvokusarudza, Radiobutton - chete chete.

chinoumba Listbox rinoshandiswa kuratidza zvawanyora chidzitiro hwaakange mukomana aishandisa anogona Mupumburu vane mbeva. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana pazviri chimwe chinhu - Combobox, asi nechimwe kukwanisa kupinda rugwaro chaiyo mumunda.

Scrollbar zvinoriumba - mupumburu pakapuranga pahwindo. Kazhinji anooneka rwoga rekukwazisa rugwaro nzvimbo kana Maumbirwe zvinhu kukura kupfuura hwindo.

chinoumba Groupbox ari kusashanda kuitira kugadzirisa hurongwa misha pakati mahwindo nokutsikirira pasi Tab kiyi. Panel chingashandiswa vaisanganisa nawo kufamba kunogona kuitwa zvimwe zvinhu ari fomu.

Scrollbox chinoumba kunoita kugadzirisa chimiro nzvimbo kuti inogona scrolled yakatambarara uye vertically. Maererano pfuma vanoonekwa ne huru pahwindo Delphi ne default. Asi kana iri kuda ikoko kunobatanidza nzira dzakadaro chaiyo munzvimbo zvitarisiko, unogona kushandisa rokuti Scrollbox.

pfupiso

Delphi - Chikumbiro kukura ezvinhu mikana kukuru, panguva iyoyowo inozivikanwa ne nyore kushandisa dzinokosha mabasa. With zvokushandisa hunoumba ayo chimiro, zvinokwanisika kusika-siyana mhando zvirongwa Windows nevamwe akakurumbira uchishandisa hurongwa.

Kusarudza Delphi budiriro maturusi, programmers zhinji kukonzera usability interfaces Software zvakakodzera, uyewo maturusi akasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira kuti kushanda chero chikamu chepurogiramu - pamasikiro nguva, zvirongwa algorithms kana debug.