Kudzivirirwa sevatsvaki vemapuranga "Svetlana": kare, mapikicha

Russian Imperial Navy vanokunda gungwa nzvimbo kwenguva yakareba. Zvikepe ake anozviratidza muhondo sechinhu vakashinga uye vakasimba "varume." Njodzi chigadzirwe nerimwe, nomuparadzi, ngarawa yakanga yakasiyana zvachose. Vamwe vakashanda kwemakore akawanda, vamwe vakanga vakatondeswa kuramba papepa. The ngarawa "Svetlana" mhando vasina akaziva zvizere. Chii chingataurwa pamusoro dzakachengetedzwa sevatsvaki vemapuranga ari 1st chinzvimbo.

Rokutanga "Svetlana"

The chikepe zvakafanana zita rokutanga akaonekwa 1896. It akadzivirirwa sevatsvaki vemapuranga, inovakwa pavhu French. Pakutanga yayo huru basa raiva kutsigira paakaenda Yacht Alexei Alexandrovich. Nezvechinangwa kurwa, hapana aigona kutaura.

Asati mazano kwenguva refu kugona kusarudza muchikepe basa. Chii aifanira kuva "Svetlana": akadzivirira sevatsvaki vemapuranga kana rinorema yehondo? Chii izvozvo zvakafanana, zvombo uye bhuku? pfungwa zvose izvi kusvikira 1894.

nokuti chikonzero

afunge matsva "murwi" atanga zhizha ichi. Per chigaro pamusoro ngarawa vakarwa vamhan'ari zhinji. This Franco-Russian fekitari, dzakawanda Makambani kubva UK, Germany uye France. Pakati nzira dzakawanda kuti dzinokwana nomwe rakazoshandiswa vaitaura kuti kworutivi, vaiva mazuvaano rimwe sevatsvaki vemapuranga England.

Inotevera Danho raiva kusarudzwa yaivapo vaitaura. Pakupedzisira, chisarudzo chakaitwa tsitsi mapoka kubva kuFrance. The chirongwa anoyeuchidza mumwe French sevatsvaki vemapuranga Friant. Mushure chikepe vakaenda napakati nyaya dzemapepa, aigona chete kupa zita. "Svetlana", mumwe ngarawa, 1896, akawana zita raro, akavonga Nicholas II, muna 1985.

With pepa riri conveyor

Nechekare pakupera 1895 ari ngarawa "Svetlana" rakaumbwa nehurumende. Various zvenhengo pamwe dzimba dzakavakwa munyika Le Havre, uyewo boilers akasikwa Belleville. Basa akatora nzvimbo zvokuti muna isingasviki gore gare gare ngarawa mumvura. Gore rakatevera kwakasarudzwa kuita miedzo.

Sezvingatarisirwa, mukuru mutongi akava mutengi Alexei Alexandrovich, uyo kare muna 1897, akakwira "zvinoyangarara motokari". Danho rinotevera zvakateverwa yakasiyana Chokwadi muhondo kuongororwa uye atirari mhando, uye pakupedzisira, muna 1898, "Svetlana" aigona kupinda kushanda, uye Grand Duke vakarikunda flawlessly.

Pakuonekwa - kwete chinhu chikuru?

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pakuonekwa ngarawa haana kuine zvaiva French zvikepe. Uriri yakanga zvishoma haachaoni nouta, uye vakagumisa gondohwe yakatanga, uye vari kurerekera akananga shure chubhu uye rechikepe.

Yandakapiwa "Svetlana" kunodzivirirwa sevatsvaki vemapuranga, haisi kunyimwa mukuru Réservation prices. Uriri ane Ukobvu 25 neMM, izvozvo slants vakanga - 25 uye 50 millimeters. Conning shongwe makachengeteka akadzivirira warrior masvingo 100 mm uye padenga 25 mm. Cannon zvakare chinodzivirira 25mm nhoo.

Features

Maererano basa, vanhu 270 chete vakwane "Svetlana". Ngarawa, nyaya kokusikwa haina kuzivikanwa chinhu chinofadza, mune kuongorora kwakaratidza kuti rinogona kuunganidza pamusoro bhodhi 400. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvakanga zvisina kukwana. Maererano musoro Naval Staff, revarwi vashandi aifanira kuwana mumwe 73 vengarava.

With pakukurumidza uye paiva mashoko okuti. By kwokutanga pfungwa, yakatanga ngarawa kumhanya anopfuura 20 nokusunungura mapfundo. Chete kunoratidzwa uye yokuedzwa. Asi zvino chikepe haina zvakakwana akatakura, saka unogona kufunga mufananidzo uyu kururama. musiyano iri akazozivisa bvunzo umo "Svetlana" vakagadzirira musoro-mberi. Pasinei nokuti simba nemifananidzo yakawedzera kusvika 9900 horsepower, "akayangarara motokari" mamwe nokusunungura mapfundo 19 chete.

Chimwe chinhu chiri vanonzi "zvekupfakira". Ngarawa "Svetlana" akanga nepokuongorora yoga dzakaisvonaka Apartments, izvo zvave wakasununguka agadzirise Prince Alexei. Pakanga mukova horo, kugamuchirwa yokutandarira, sehofisi, yokurara uye dzimwe dzimba. Location Dynamos vanofanirawo ringabviswa panzvimbo zororo, kuti nasal papuratifomu kuderedza ruzha revarombo.

Kwete mubasa uye ushamwari

Pakutanga huchishanda chikepe chaiva mhando Exhibits kuti pfungwa. Iye rire mvura Europe, akashanyira Portugal, Kronstadt. Pakupera kwezana remakore ndakaenda pamukova chiteshi chezvikepe St. Catherine. Kusvikira 1903 akashanda se pauzima Yacht pamusoro Prince Alexei.

Pakutanga 1904 kwakasarudzwa kuti kutora ngarawa kupinda basa yePacific dzechikwata. Inosimudzira vashandi uye akatumirwa neSuez Canal. "Svetlana" akanga zvinooneka seiyi ubanguranyika yokuzviparadzanisa kusvika 18 nokusunungura mapfundo. Shooting akanga chete zvedzidzo zvakasikwa.

kanyanyisa kurwisana

hondo Last "Svetlana" yaiva hondo May 15. Vasati kuti, zviri ngarawa muchirongwa pakurwa, iyo yakarohwa uye scored matani 350 emvura. Mhino zvazvinoita pasi mvura kusvika hafu mita. Saizvozvowo, nhamba akadonha 15 nokusunungura mapfundo. The chikepe akaramba kucherechedzwa kwenguva refu. Ndiye anokonzera "Aurora" uye "Oleg", asi pousiku Hauwanikwi nemuparadzi "Quick" uye vakaperekedza mberi.

Nenguva shanu mangwanani mukuru akaona Dazhelet chitsuwa uye aida kutaura naye kuitira kugadzirisa dambudziko, kupomba kubuda mvura uye muuye chikepe kuitira. Kana ngozi kwapfuura "Svetlana", asi gare gare chikepe chakaonekwa Japanese sevatsvaki vemapuranga maviri uye kuvaparadzi. Kana vakuru vakaona kuti vane mwero wakadaro pasi havasi kusiya, takasarudza kutora pakurwa, uye nyaya kuparadza kunyura chikepe.

Chokwadi, kana kukuvadza kwakadaro pamusoro zvitatu "Svetlana" haana kukwanisa kurarama. Kare maawa 11 zuva ngarawa avete kurutivi rworuboshwe, uye akatanga kunyura kusvika pasi. Zvikepe Japanese akasiya bronepalubnogo kufa mugungwa, ivo pachavo vakamhanya ye "kutsanya" uye mumwe "vakaurayiwa". Kupona vakuru uye vafambisi akanunura ngarawa "America naMaru".

New "Svetlana"

Mutongo pamusoro pakagadzwa "Svetlana" chiedza ngarawa mhando rakagamuchirwa muna 1907. danho Izvi zvinokonzerwa kukundikana muhondo yeRussia-Japanese. By World Vokutanga havana kubata kupedza mune ramangwana chimurenga nemhuru basa iri dzakatevedzana sevatsvaki vemapuranga.

Somugumisiro, vose pamuviri urongwa rakatangwa ngarawa "Svetlana" muna 1913. Zvakange kutura mumvura iri vaviri makore, asi kurwa yaaizofanira kutanga chete muna 1928. Chiedza ngarawa "Svetlana" akazodawo zita wokutanga "Profintern", gare gare "Red Crimea". Under okupedzisira zita akanga vakabatanidzwa muHondo Yenyika II.

"Admiral Butakov" kubva chete akatevedzana kwakatangwa muna 1916, asi haana kumbonzi anofanira kupinda kushanda. The yasara maviri ngarawa "Admiral Greig" uye "Admiral Spiridonov" muna 1926 vakanga yakavakwazve kwematangi. Wokutanga akanyura Tuapse nokuda dutu uye wechipiri akafa vachirwa muGungwa Azov munguva Huru Patriotic War.