The Maastricht chibvumirano

The Maastricht Treaty akanga zvikuru mune nyaya enyika kubatanidzwa kweEurope anoti. Akanga yakasainwa muna 1992, musi February 7, muNetherlands.

1989-90 vakanga chaizvo munguva yakaoma. Kudivi rimwe, kuedza dzokerana Germany akatsoropodza kuti rwakakwana tifunge zvido vavakidzani. Ukuwo, Margaret Thatcher (British Prime Minister) vataura kutya pamusoro zvichibvira hegemony German nechepakati Europe. Kutaura zvazviri, pashure pokunge reunification muGermany musha vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni makumi masere. Musoro British Cabinet aitya vokuGermany pakudzorwa pamusoro mamwe marudzi. Fransua Mitteran (French President) akanga kufadzwa nokuumbwa hombe mamiriro riri pamuganhu wokumabvazuva munyika. Saka, pane prerequisites nekuda pokugadzwa European Union.

Pfungwa kubatana kunyika dzakawanda aishingaira akatsigira Fransua Mitteran uye Helmut Kohl (weGermany). Muna 1992, ivo chanzera German, uchipinda kutaurwa pakutsigira kusaina of Maastricht Treaty panguva Congress of raitonga Christian Democratic Union. Helmut Kohl akati kuti kukura Europe hunoenderana pave uye Germany, sezvo Germany zvakarurama pakati kondinendi.

Asaina Maastricht Treaty akapa kwete chete mubatanidzwa inoti mune zvematongerwe bhora. Yaifanira kusika uye mari mubatanidzwa. Izvi zvaireva kuti kwete chete achasika rakabatana upfumi European, asiwo dzimwe mutemo uye kuchengeteka itsika. Saka, zvakava zvakakodzera kumisa pambiru "EU wokumwe mushumiri".

The Maastricht Treaty akagovera (gare gare) kuroora chizvarwa vanhu vose vaigara munzvimbo dzeEU. Kana dzomunyika masimba mudziyo, inofanira kuenderana mirawu hweruzhinji.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chisarudzo yokusuma chete mari "Euro" kwakaita hurumende dzakawanda chaizvo zvakasimba maitiro. Countries vakatya kuti, kunyimwa kwavo National dzeEurope, vachauya kusagadzikana kwoupfumi hwenyika uye mitengo.

Zvisinei, muna 1996, Germany zvinganaka boka zviyero kuona kuranga mari zvachose uye zvainanga mukudzivirira rakapinza kuwedzera chikwereti zvemari. Sezvo tsika akaratidza makore anotevera, nezviyero zvose izvi zvave chaizvo kuramba bhajeti zvakanakanaka vazhinji European Union nyika.

Discussions pamusoro chibvumirano chitsva vaiva pasi pokudzora nezviitiko Eastern Europe. Havasisipo Soviet Union (muna 1991). nyika dzokuEurope dzakawanda Eastern kunyange pamberi Soviet Union akatanga kuumba hurumende democratic mukuedza kubatana EU nokukurumidza sezvinobvira.

The Maastricht Treaty akapinda simba muna 1993, muna November. inonzi, maererano guta, iro rave vakasaina.

Kuvapo European Union anozivikanwa vose. Nhasi ndiro imwe huru munzanga yose. Zvinofanira akati kuti dzimwe nyika vari nhengo yeEuropean Union. Nhasi, inoti maviri nemanomwe muRomania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Slovakia, Poland, Marita, Lithuania, Latvia, Cyprus, Hungary, Sweden, Finland, Austria, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Ireland, Denmark, UK, France, Netherlands , Luxembourg, Italy, Germany, Belgium.

Zvatinopiwa of Maastricht Treaty anopa imwe mari paruzhinji chikwereti chero EU nhengo mamiriro (haufaniri kupfuura 60% kubva GDP) uye kuti bhajeti dhefisiti haafaniri kupfuudza 3% pakati GDP. Mitengo haafaniri kupfuudza avhareji mwero mitengo munyika nhatu pamwe yakadereresa indekisi nayo.