Democratic nyika. Full hweruzhinji. Chepamusoro nyika maererano hweruzhinji

Nhoroondo kukura upi nyika, pane mienzaniso yevanhu avo vanorwira rusununguko vanhu, kuenzana pamberi mutemo uye tsika hurumende. Democratic kuti chisimbiswe munyika dzakasiyana nenzira dzakasiyana. On tsanangudzo hweruzhinji kufungisisa vanoverengeka masayendisiti uye nevaongorori.

Ivo akatarisa izwi uye kubva enyika nemaonero, uye kubva dzouzivi. Uye aigona kupa tsanangudzo empirical dzakasiyana-siyana zvaiitwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, dzidziso haasi nguva dzose kupiwa kure. Kakawanda, paumbwe pfungwa ane State tsika. Nemhaka yake, unogona kuisa kuumba pamutemo womuenzaniso democratic hurongwa. Nhasi mune zvesayenzi enyika zvinonetsa kuwana imwe tsananguro chete imwe pfungwa. Saka, tisati tinoziva chii hwoutongi nyika vakasara panyika mepu, tichibata zvarwo mazwi.

vanhu simba

Democracy - rechiGiriki sezvariri zvichishandurwa se "vanhu simba." In sainzi enyika, pfungwa iyi rinomiririra nzira iyo inoshanda sepokutangira seboka sarudzo. At zvimwechetezvo pamusoro neimwe nhengo zvinofanira kuenzana.

In musimboti, nzira iyi kushandiswawo dzakasiyana-siyana nemasangano uye ezvirevo. Asi chinonyanya kukosha kwarwo nhasi ndiro simba. Izvi imhaka yokuti hurumende ine simba rakawanda, uye saka kuronga uye kutsungirira zvakaoma.

Saka, neDemocratic nyika iyi inofanira dzinoratidzwa anotevera zvinhu:

• Implementation wakatendeseka vanhu, uye mutemo unoti nesananguro mutungamiri wavo.
• Chepamutemo tsime simba - vanhu.
• Municipality vanhu kunoitika kuti kugutsa zvido uye kugadzwa nevakariri zvakanaka munyika.

nhengo dzose vanhu mitemo yayo, izvo zvakafanira kuitira kuti hurumende dzenyika. Nokuti hweruzhinji dzinowanzova zvakawanda tsika, inova "litmus bvunzo" enyika kuedza:

• Kuenzana, zvose enyika uye magariro.
• Freedom.
• kwemitemo;
• kodzero dzevanhu.
• Kodzero yokuzvitonga, uye vamwe.

mashoko okuti

Kubva pano kutanga malfunctioning. The yakanaka hweruzhinji zvakaoma kuwana, saka dudziro "kworuzhinji" hwakasiyana. Nechekare kubvira muzana remakore rechi18 paive, kana kupfuura zvazviri, muenzaniso nehurumende. Yakakurumbira anonzi zvakananga hweruzhinji. muenzaniso Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora zvisarudzo vagari tichiregeredza tenderano kana ruzhinji utongi.

Pedyo, unogona tsanangurai uye mumiririri hweruzhinji. Izvi mhando kunosanganisira chisarudzo nevanhu kuburikidza zvavo kusarudzwa wevatariri kana zvimwe vanhu vane zvimwe zvinzvimbo. Muchiitiko chino, vanhu ava kusarudza kwakavakirwa maonero avo vanovimba navo, uye ipapo basa mugumisiro pamberi pavo.

Panguva iyoyo pakurwa?

Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti hurumende yakadaro enyika, yegutsaruzhinji, anoshanda kuti dzisanyanya kwesimba zvisizvo simba. Izvi kwagara kwakaoma kubudirira, kunyanya munyika idzodzo umo dzokunamata takasununguka uye dzimwe tsika havana kuzivikanwa nehurumende uye vakasiyiwa kuzvidzivirira mune zvematongerwo enyika.

Zvino pfungwa "kusununguka" rine mativi maviri mari. Democracy zvino vava kuzvibatanidza worupo kuzvidzora. With kwakadai hweruzhinji, pamwe yakazaruka uye vakatendeseka nguva nenguva nesarudzo, pane kwemitemo, chikamu uye akavarambidza simba zvakatangwa reMitemo.

Ukuwo, nezvoupfumi zhinji uye vezvematongerwo enyika vanodavira kuti kuziva kodzero sarudzo, mitemo-related, uyewo vanhu nezvainoita hurumende hurongwa, hazvibviri pasina paumbwe evanhu kodzero, kamari azvipire kusaruramisira mune socio-ezvoupfumi zvinhu, uyewo mukana wakaenzana.

richikwidibira

Democratic nyika dzose vanotarisana nengozi ane utongi anomanikidza. Mukuru dambudziko kwegadziriro hurumende ndiyo nguva dzose separatism, ugandanga uye kukura evanhu kusaruramisira uye kutama. Pasinei chokwadi kuti munyika mune masangano akawanda kudzivirira rusununguko uye kodzero vemo, nyaya haisi pasina zviitiko apo nharo kurwisana enyika vakanga atsamwiswa.

The mamiriro ezvinhu

Tisati tarisa vatowanda democratic nyika munyika, unofanira kutarisa zvizere zvinhu ano. Pasinei kusiyana dzakakurumbira hwoudzvinyiriri, nhasi nhamba Democrats nyika dzakawanda munhau. Vanopfuura hafu yevagari vepasi vanogona ndiitewo sarudzo. Zvisinei, kunyange hurumende yakadaro somunhu udzvinyiriri, anogona kuvapo vachimiririra vanhu nyore.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti avo nyika kuti anoshanda pasi nevanhu hwechiFascist, akapa kodzero dzokuvhota zvinenge zvose mukuru vemo. Asi gare gare, akatarisana nechinetso chakadaro kuti kufarira upenyu enyika akatanga kunaya zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, muUnited States kuitawo sarudzo anotora 30-40% vemo.

Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Kuti kunyatsonzwisisa enyika munyika, unofanira Stock pazuva kwete chete murefu, asi chekufambisa nguva. Vamwe vagari vanodavira kuti enyika kubhadhara nguva yakawanda enyika rudzi uye zvavanofarira. Vamwe havaoni kusiyana dzinopesana kumapati. Zvisinei, mamiriro ezvinhu ano kunotungamirira chokuti kamwe zvakare azopora kufarira muchimiro zvakananga hweruzhinji.

analytics

Masayendisiti akawanda enyika zvakashanda nesimba kuti rwose munyika wakaunganidza tsananguro yacho. The British tsvakurudzo centre dzaona unyanzvi, izvo zvinogona kuona kureva nyika maererano hweruzhinji. zvino unogona patsanura nyika 167. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane ayo indekisi kuzvitonga.

Nhasi zvakaoma kutaura sei chinangwa anogona kunzi wokusarudza inoti zviri musimboti ichi. In zvachose pane 5 Mapato uye 12 zviratidzo. indekisi yakatanga kushandiswa 2006. Panguva ino paiva dzakawanda yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita chokuita nokuchinja mune zvematongerwe mufananidzo wenyika. Uye kunyange makore 10 gare gare, haina kuzivikanwa ndiani chikamu Commission: zvichida mudonzvo pakutsvakurudza centre, uye unogona kuva yakazvimirira masayendisiti.

musimboti

Saka, kuti ringaronga mamiriro muzvikamu zvina, zvakakodzera kuyera padanho hweruzhinji munyika. Unofanirawo kuongorora vezera ongororo uye migumisiro voruzhinji musarudzo. nyika Mumwe kunoratidzwa 60 zviratidzo, izvo mumapoka akawanda:

1. Electoral muitiro uye pluralism.
2. basa Government.
3. Kutora chikamu vagari mu mutemo ehurumende.
4. Political tsika.
5. Dzokunamata takasununguka.

chikamu

Inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu akawanda nokuda kwenyika. Chokutanga - zvizere hweruzhinji. Vanhu vazhinji vachiri kudavira kuti hurumende iyi haungambofari yokungotaura yakanaka. Kunyange zvakadaro, panguva iri muchikwata ichi vaisanganisira nyika 26 - ndiwo 12% of zvachose kwevanhu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanenge hafu kunyika dzose zvinogona kunzi iri mhando, asi nyanzvi pfungwa chinguva zvakasiyana. 51 mamiriro vanopinda muchikwata che "kushayikwa hweruzhinji".

Muchikwata wechitatu runoonekwa kuva chemasanganiswa muoti, inova symbiosis kuzvitonga uye authoritarianism. Munyika mune 39 inoti iri mhando. The yasara nyika 52 vachiri kuramba munhu anomanikidza hwechiKomonisiti. Sezvineiwo, muchikwata chechina zvingasanganisira chetatu vepasi - vanhu vanopfuura bhiriyoni 2.5.

Kwakatangira wokutanga

Wokupedzisira kuvazivisa indexation yakaitwa muna 2014. nyika 25 chete anogona kunzi kune dzakazara hweruzhinji. The pamusoro gumi inosanganisira Iceland, New Zealand, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Canada, Netherlands, Switzerland uye Australia.

Mutungamiriri kwemakore mumutsetse anoonekwa kuti Norway. Izvi umambo mubumbiro vakagamuchira indekisi 9,93. Ichi nyika muna Northern Europe ane nzvimbo chikamu Air Peninsula. Zvino Mambo Norway Harald V. chinhu unitary mamiriro kwakavakirwa nheyo hweruzhinji yeparamende.

Nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pamusoro Pippi Longstocking

Nzvimbo yechipiri inogarwa Sweden (9.73). mamiriro Izvi pedyo Norway. Also iri Air Peninsula. Power anotonga Carl XVI Gustaf. The chimiro iri inobva musimboti rokutonga hweruzhinji yeparamende iri symbiotic ukama ane yepamutemo umambo.

nyika duku

nzvimbo yechitatu ine indekisi pamusoro 9,58 zvinotora Iceland. Map nyika iyi inogona kuwanikwa pedyo Europe. rudzi chitsuwa ichi. President ndiye Gvyudni Jóhannesson, uyo akatora pamusoro muna June gore rino. Ndiye yakazvimirira mumiriri. Uyewo inozivikanwa kuti pane dhigirii - Muzvinadzidzo History. Pasinei chokwadi kuti Iceland Map haawanzotauri kuoneka, nyika ino haisi chete pamusoro vatungamiri vatatu zvegutsaruzhinji nyika, asi inozivikanwa zvimwe zvinyorwa zvayo. Somuenzaniso, sezvo chitsuwa chikuru kuputika mavambo.

In dzakachengeteka maoko

New Zealand akatora nzvimbo wechina (9.26). mamiriro iri riri rePolynesia, kumaodzanyemba-nechokumadokero Pacific Ocean. Sezvakaitika Norway, pane rikunde rimwe yepamutemo umambo uye hweruzhinji yeparamende. A nyika yaitongwa yakakurumbira Queen Elizabeth II. Nenzira, kunze chokwadi kuti iye ndiye musoro British Commonwealth of Nations uye pakarepo UK, ndicho mambokadzi 15 akazvimiririra inoti, kusanganisira Canada, Belize, Barbados, Grenada uye vamwewo. Zvakananga dzakawanda New Zealand vane naGavhuna-General Jerry Mateparae.

Vakadzi kuitarisira

Denmark akaratidzawo yarova munyika democratic uye rakava wechishanu ari chepamusoro (9.11). Mumwe State, riri kuchamhembe Europe. simba Izvi zvakare kodzero mukadzi - Margrethe II. Naizvozvo, Denmark - a yepamutemo umambo. Queen kunobatsira paramende unicameral, yainzi Folketing.

Complex political mamiriro

Switzerland inoremekedzwa nzvimbo rechitanhatu (9.09). Iri yeUnited Republic mubatanidzwa kuti inoshanda ine paramende bicameral, uye maererano hafu-hweruzhinji. Switzerland haisi nyore zvematongerwo enyika. President Johann Schneider-Ammann ndiyo sachigaro Federal Council, asi chokwadi haasi musoro wehurumende. basa iri basa nhengo dzose kanzuru. Kunyange zvazvo kune kunzwisisa zvisarudzo zvematongerwo enyika, izwi rake richava kusarudza zvokuita.

The President vaiona yokutanga pakati kuenzana, uye haana simba kutungamirira nhengo Federal Council. Kusarudzwa chete pagore. Akasazviita vanhu, uye nhengo kanzuru. Kune vanhu vanomwe chete. Kunze chokwadi kuti vanomhanya pamwe nyika, mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pachake dhipatimendi rayo. Somuenzaniso, purezidhendi Kuyerera anokonzera Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education uye Research.

multiethnic nyika

nzvimbo wechinomwe akaenda Canada (9.08). mamiriro Izvi muNorth America. Sezvambotaurwa, musoro wehurumende ndiyo Mambokadzi Great Britain. Asi vakatonga Gavhuna General Devid Dzhonston kumba. Canada - iri mubatanidzwa ane umambo yeparamende uye hweruzhinji yeparamende.

Hurumende rinoumbwa 10 enyika. The kupfuura mukurumbira anonzi Quebec. Ndiyo umo vazhinji vanogaramo chiFrench vemo. Other mapurovhinzi kune mukuru kumwero vari "Chirungu".

utsigo

Tiine indekisi 9,03 nzvimbo Eighth akaenda Finland. Zvinoitwa nyika dzinowanzotsigi- kwakavakirwa simba sezvaunotara iwe, sezvo zvikuru akatsiga. Muna 2010, hurumende yava yakanakisisa munyika. It riri kuchamhembe Europe. Zviri zvokuvhoterwa yeparamende-wenyika kwakavakirwa hweruzhinji yeparamende. Sezvo 2012 musoro wehurumende ndiye Sauli Niynisto.

Mutungamiri akasarudzwa nevanhu akakurumbira kuvhota kuti kwemakore matanhatu. Mukuru Executive simba hunopiwa maari. Part of zvemitemo bazi iri muna mumaoko President, asi yechipiri yezana chidhiraivho Paramende - Eduskunta.

State yakaoma

Australia iri rakava 9th ari chepamusoro reDemocratic nyika zvenyika (9.01). simba Izvi yakabatana New Zealand yakaoma uye anotora zita chete. Musoro nyika ichaongororwa mambokadzi British Commonwealth. Gavhuna-General - Piter Kosgrouv. Australia - a umambo yeparamende, iyo iripo sezvo vose ushe ose Great Britain. mabasa Government chokuita zvakananga Queen Elizabeth II uye kuchimbudzi Council.

Australia kunozivikanwa somumwe chezvinhu dzakabudirira munyika. Iye ane hwega upfumi, mukuru GDP pa capita. Iye pokutanga wechipiri pamusoro Human Development Index, uye zviri nyore yaigona rokutanga kuera ari democratic nyika.

Top 10

Rounding panze pamusoro kunyika gumi zvizere gutsaruzhinji, Netherlands (8.92). mamiriro Uyu yepamutemo umambo. Panguva iyoyo, musoro umambo Willem-Alexander. MuNetherlands, izvozvo inoshanda ine bicameral Parliament, iyo iri pahwaro hweruzhinji yeparamende. Capital weHurumende anoonekwa kuti Amsterdam. Zviri pano kuti mambo anotora mhiko yokuvimbika kuna umambo. Asi kune guta guru chairo The Hague, apo panobva hurumende iri.

nevamwe vatungamiriri

Muna 26 inoti ane dzakazara gutsaruzhinji kunosanganisirawo United Kingdom, Spain, Ireland, USA, Japan, South Korea, Uruguay, Germany uye vamwe. Asi, zvichida, kwe chepamusoro penyika dziri pasi ane utongi anomanikidza. On the 167 nzvimbo fung ndiye North Korea, ane indekisi pamusoro 1,08. Zvishoma pamusoro payo ari kuera vari Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Siriya, Iran, Turkmenistan uye Congo.

Russia inoremekedzwa 117 nzvimbo ine kureva kuti 3,92. Zvisati zviri Cameroon, pashure - Angola. Belarus ichiri pasi Russian, pazuva 139 nzvimbo (3.16). Zvose nyika ndezvaJehovha "anomanikidza hurumende" muchikwata. Ukraine iri 79th nzvimbo muboka yokuchinjira muoti uye indekisi iri 5,94.

No budiriro

Mumakore mashoma apfuura hwoutongi kunyika Europe vakafirwa munzvimbo dzavo. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvikurukuru yokumabvazuva kundima. Pamwe chete Russia yakawira kuera uye dzimwe Kishi nyika. Vamwe mapfumo zvinzvimbo zvavo zvishoma, vamwe - ne 5-7 inegumi.

Kubvira 2013, gutsaruzhinji yose yamira. In nzira iyi, hapana mukana wokuzvidzivirira, asi mberi haisi kuchengetwa. Izvi zvinoreva zvachose mufananidzo wenyika. Mune mimwe mienzaniso, asi oneka regression. Vazhinji inoti havachavimbi democratic kwendangariro dzavo. Kunyanya panguva ino zvazvinoita zvoupfumi.

Anomanikidza hwoudzvinyiriri Kusiyana neizvi, vava simba zvikuru. Saka, utongi hwegutsaruzhinji, iyo yakawedzera panyika kubva muna 1974, iye zvino ane recessive hunhu. Kunze kwokuti kuderera kuvimba zvematongerwo enyika anotanga, kunyanya mu Europe. Uyewo, pfungwa hweruzhinji pacharo haritauri kuuya Vagari zvinodiwa mugumisiro.