Dhipatimendi reUnited States Rekudzivirira: chii chainoita, uyo anotungamirira, kupi

Munhu wese akambonzwa nezve simba uye kusagadzikana kwemauto eUnited States. Dhipatimendi reUnited States reZvondo rinobvumirana nekuchengetedza kuchengetedza kwezvematongerwe enyika uye kwenharaunda yenyika, pamwe nekugadzirisa zvisarudzo zvezvematongerwo enyika nekugadzirisa basa rematare ese ehurumende yeUnited States of America.

History of Education

Gore gore risati rapera Hondo Yenyika II, US Congress yakaronga kugadziriswa kwemuviri kurongedza zviito zvehondo. Gore rakatevera, pamusangano weUnited States Navy uye Joint Chiefs of Staff, chirongwa chakagadzirwa kuti chigadzire chimiro chakadaro. Munharaunda yechipiri yezana remakore rechi20, kusvika muna 1949, kuchinjwa kwakaitwa pakuzadzikisa kwechirongwa chekuumbwa kwesangano rimwechete reDhipatimendi rekudzivirira reUnited States. Vazhinji vanopikisa, vachikakavara kwavo kuti kune ngozi zvikuru kuisa pfungwa kune vatungamiri-mukuru-mukuru wemapoka ehondo akasiyana mune imwe shumiro. Pakutanga, yainzi "Dhipatimendi reNyika Yemauto", asi gare gare yakanzizve Dhipatimendi rekudzivirira reUnited States.

Iyi sangano inonzi DOD, iyo inomirira Kudzivirirwa kweDhipatimendi. MuSoviet Union, inobatanidza nyika, mweya, amphibious uye mauto eNavy. The Intelligence Agency uye National Security Agency zvakare inotungamirirwa neHurumende.

DOD-Dzimba dzepamusoro dziri muPentagon, Arlington County, Virginia. Haisi kure neWashington, kurutivi rworudyi rweMupata wePotomac.

Pentagon System

Kusvika iye zvino, musoro wePentagon ndiGeneral James Mattis anonzi "Mad Dog". Ndiye iye akatsaurwa nokuda kweiyo post naDonald Trump.

Panguva ino yemazuva ano, purogiramu yePentagon ine zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Inzvimbo huru yeHurumende yeZviviri;
• Utatu hutatu hwemauto ehondo;
• Vatungamiri veKomiti yeVashandi pamwe nevakuru varo pamwe chete;
• 18 mahofisi epakati kugadziriswa;
• 9 masangano nemasangano;
• 9 akabatana mirairo yeUnited States Armed Forces.

Mukuwedzera, masangano ese anoshandisa pasi pehutungamiri kana kunyatsogadziriswa kwemasangano ehurumende anotaurwa pamusoro apa aripo muhurongwa hweHurumende yeZviviri.

Budget

Kwegore ra2011, bhajeti yeUnited Defense yakange iri madhora mabhiriyoni 708, iyi inenge inenge 4.7% yeGDP yeU.S. Maererano nemishumo ichangopfuura, mari yezvemari yedhipatimendi remauto eUnited States ine kuputsa kukuru.

Muna 2016, bhajeti yekutanga yeDhipatimendi rekudzivirirwa kweUnited States yaiva 534 mabhiriyoni. Maererano nehurukuro yakagamuchirwa, nekuda kwezvinodiwa neNavy zvichitora anenge 161 mabhiriyoni, uye kuti Air Force ichapa 153 mabhiriyoni. Nokuda kwemasimba enyika - 126,5 mabhiriyoni. Zvose izvi nhamba mumavhareji dzinodarika hutsika hwe 2015 ne10 bhiriyoni.

178 mabhiriyoni emadhora, ayo mabhiriyoni 20 pasi pegore rakapera, yakashandiswa pakutsvakurudza kwakasiyana-siyana nekugoverwa kweuto. Chimwe chikamu chebhajeti, iyo inonzi chakavanzika, haisi kubudiswa.

Kubva panguva ino maitirwo emabasa ehondo nekuvapo kweUnited States aripo, "chikwata" chemadhora mabhiriyoni ((muna 2016) chaifungidzirwa. Kubva muna 2001, nzvimbo yakadzika ye "iyo" yakanyorwa. Zvose izvi mari yakaenda kuzoita mabasa antiterrorist muA Afghanistan. Nekudzoka kwemauto ayo kubva kuA Afghanistan, US inopedza mari yekushandisa mari. Asi, pasinei neizvi, mari zhinji iyo inotungamira kune dzimwe nyika inowanikwa kunze kweAfghanistan.

Kubudirira kweDhipatimendi rekudzivirira reUnited States

Kubudirira kwemauto ehondo, iyo ichakwanisa kutakura drones, kusunungurwa uye kuvadzosa zvakare mubhodhi, yakatamira kusvika pachikamu chechipiri. Hurumende yeZviviri yakasayina zvibvumirano nemabhizimisi maviri anozivikanwa eAfrica. Zvakasarudzwa kudana ndege yakadai "vatakuri vezvikepe zvokudenga."

Pakutanga rekutanga, kugadzira kwakagadziridzwa uye simba rezvikwata zvakagadzirwa. Pachikamu chechipiri, zvakarongwa kuedza maenzaniso. Chechitatu inotanga kushandiswa kwemhando mbiri dzekuvandudzwa kwezvino.

Maererano nemurangariro, nekubatsira kwechirongwa ichi, US Air Force ichakwanisa kukurira zvakasimba zvidziviriro zvemhepo, kuparadza zvidzidzo zvepasi uye kutungamira kubvuma.

Pasati nguva refu yapfuura, US Department of Defense yakabvuma kuti indasitiri yenyika iyi inonyanya kutungamirirwa neRussia. Ichokwadi ndechokuti kunze kwekutenga kweRussia RD-180 maketheni emajini, sezvo hurumende dzeUnited States dzichitaura zvakasununguka, mauto eti satellites haazove nechinhu chero chipi zvacho chingaisa mukati maro.

Senetare John McClain, mutsigiri mukuru wezvimirango zvinopikisana neRussia, anorayira kuti injini dzeRussia dzengarazi dzisiwe kuitira kuti nyika yenyika isachengetedzwe haisi yeRussia. Vatsigiri veMcClain vanoona maonero ekuti kushandiswa kweenjini dzeRussia kunoshanda sechipingamupinyi kumakwikwi pakati pezvikwata zveAmerica. Panguva imwecheteyo, Sénata Richard Shelby muna 2009 akagadziridza chirongwa, icho chaireva "kuzvimiririra kwekusarudza kwema nyika kubudisa magetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa kune anotakura." Ichi ndicho chikonzero icho Pentagon yakaisa mari pakusikwa kweAmerica rocket engines.

Parizvino, hapana dheyo yakarurama yekufambira mberi mumunda we rocketry muUnited States.

Kukura kwehondo

Muna 2008, United States yakanga isingaiti. Nebatsiro reDhipatimendi rekudzivirirwa kweUnited States uye teknolojia yezvigadzirwa zvehondo, US-193 inotora spy satellite yakadururwa.

Kuti tinzwisise kuti izvi zvakaoma sei, regai tipe muenzaniso. Dherira pasi satanendi mune imwe nzvimbo yakatarisana-pasi inofananidzwa nekurova imwe tennis ibhu mune imwe, iyo inofamba pamhanya we7,3 km / s uye inogara ichichinja trajectory. Nokuda kwechikonzero chakadaro, chikwata chehondo chinodiwa, chinokwanisa kurongedza kufamba kwechikwata munyaya yemasekondi.

Vanenge 200 nyanzvi dzakashanda pabasa iri. Pakazara, 3 mararamiro SM-3 akashandurwa akagadzirirwa. Kana kuedza kwekutanga kukakundikana, ipapo pakanga paine mukana wekutungamira hondo mbiri dzinotevera. Imwe missile yakadaro inodhura $ 10 mamiriyoni.

Munguva ichangopfuura, teknolojia yakafanana yakaratidzwa neChina.

X-Files

Iko kune ruzivo rwokuti Dhipatimendi rekudzivirirwa kweUnited States riri kuita basa rakavanzika. Dambudziko re "electronic and cybernetic systems using intelligence engano" inodanwa munyaya iyi. Izvi zvakataurwa naPhini Mukuru wePentagon, Robert Wark. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vokuRussia neveChinese vachivandudza zvombo zvenyukireya, vanhu veAmerica vari kutaura nezvezvakanaka zvehondo "isiri yenyukireya".

Kudzoka muna 1983, Mutungamiri Ronald Reagan akazivisa kuiswa kwehurongwa hwekugara kwenguva refu unonzi Strategic Defense Initiative. Iyi purogiramu inoreva kuendeswa kwekudzivirirwa uye kukomba zvivako munzvimbo inogona kudzivisa vangave vavengi vekana yekukwira kuNorth America.

Izvo zvakataurwa kuti vashandi vehondo vanobatanidzwa mune imwe nzvimbo yekurwa nzvimbo lasers, neutral particle emitters uye mirara yebindu. Panguva iyo hapana chimiro chekugadzira iyo inogona kuita basa racho. Sezvo pasina hurumende yeDhipatimendi rekudzivirirwa kweUnited States inokonzera zvirongwa izvi.