Forest shiri. Facts uye Figures

Munyika mune zvinenge 8600 siyana eshiri, kusanganisira nyika yedu - anopfuura 700 marudzi. Mumasango, minda nemapaki yeEuropean chikamu ndima inogarwa 294 marudzi. Mhando dzakasiyana shiri Russian vanowana pokuvanda mumasango uye dzomumaguta runyararo.

In nyika yedu, wayo hasha okunze, mhando dzakawanda shiri dzinotama kuti chando muna inodziya kudzi-, uye vaya vanosara zvinowanzotaurwa tama kubva kuchamhembe kusvika nechepakati uye kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu. In yokunyanyisa kutonhora, uye nekuda kwechando uye kushaya shiri zvokudya kazhinji kufa vazhinji.

shiri vanoda zvokudya chaizvo nokuda dzakakwirira mufambo uye kusimba muviri. Daily Vhoriyamu zvokudya vane anenge 1/4 muviri wake pachake. Shiri dzinodya nyama kudya kamwe pazuva, granivorous - zviviri, uye insectivores - vanenge 5-6 nguva. The nhiyo kukura nguva vanofanira ari inosimbisa iri akawedzera. Vachikura nokukurumidza, nokuti vhiki kusununguka uremu yakawedzera kakawanda.

Forest shiri Russia dzinoumba kupfuura boka mhuka. Shiri shamwari dzechokwadi uye Vaponesi masango kubva zvipukanana. Vamwe mhando - chete insectivores (nightjar, nuthatch, dzinenge dzose songbirds). Vamwe (tits, starlings, shrikes) tumbuyu zvinoumba chikamu chikuru chesangano zvokudya. By granivorous uye omnivorous shiri dziri rarira, buntings, bullfinches, rarira, finches, woodpeckers uye shiri duku. Asi ivo fledge chete nezvipembenene. Uye ane simba chokuwanziridza kuti zvipukanana shiri dzose, kunyange granivorous, idya chete pamusoro pavo.

Forest shiri zvinosiyana kwete hunhu zvokudya, asi nesting mhuka. Pamihoronga mudendere vanenge 10 mhando insectivorous shiri uye 10 howa kudya nemakonzo diki. Other dendere duku pasi uye gwenzi. Gobvu makwenzi kwavari - yakanakisisa dzinogarisana uye kudzivirira pavavengi. Ndokusaka mumasango akare, apo pasina underbrush, shiri duku.

On the kumicheto masango, mune minda neminda yemiti kurarama finches uye cuckoos, nightingales matendere adzo ari mumakwenzi dzomusango Cherry uye elderberry pamwe hova dondo uye nzizi, tits kufanana mudenhere rayo, buntings uye warblers vanosarudza pamakwenzi diki kana gobvu uswa ari Mafuro uye kutema nzvimbo.

Forest shiri kubatsira yomudondo kukura. Kubva mbeu kumwaya nhoko dzavo, kukura makwenzi itsva. Vazhinji shiri (woodpeckers, jays, starlings, chickadees) kuvanza muti mbeu, acorns, nzungu, mune chikwindi kana vakwegura stumps. Of "akavanzwa saizvozvo" izvi akanganwa kana incompletely vakasarudzwa zvino bukira miti itsva. Rarira, magpies uye jackdaws kuparadzira mbeu mumunda zvinomera, ndokusaka unogona kuwana mumasango ari dzaisatarisirwa nzvimbo.

Wild shiri zvakawanda vavengi. Kunyanya yakawanda shiri vanourayiwa kana vari incubating mazai nokudyisa manyana kana vabereki havagoni kusiya dendere uye ndivo vanonyanyova. Nokuda pazvikara, uyewo ruoko rwomunhu asingadi kurarama kupfuura chegumi shiri duku kuti kurarama mumasango pedyo nemisha. The mumapaki nemapindu, kubva muzana iri kunyange yakaderera.

Vavengi zvakakura shiri (kunyanya vaigara pedyo maguta) - zvipfuwo katsi. Kubva dzinogarwa munzvimbo kusvika flyers pakuvhima makava, ferrets, Martens, weasels, stoats. Nokuti ivhu-nesting shiri vavengi hedgehogs uye shrews. Vanhu anokonzerawo wandei kukuvadza shiri kwemiti uye spraying kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Saka vashomanana chete shiri dondo vararama zvose kunopfavisa hunhu hwose. Uye refu zvikuru kubva DAWs - makore 11, starlings - 10, panguva blackbirds, robins uye wagtails - anopfuura 10 mune Inomedza uye swifts - vanenge 9, kubva finches - 7 makore. Shiri dzakawanda anogona kurarama kunyange yakareba - kusvika makore 18, shiri, gulls rwizi anenge 20 magpies - makore 21, nightingales - 25.

Paaienda kunyika kure shiri dzinokwanisa kuva rebei nokukurumidza. Saka, shiri duku dzinobhururuka pa 30 - 50 km / h, starlings - kubva 60 kusvika 79 km / h, waders - 55 - 86. dzinodya dzimwe shiri (norukodzi) ichibhururuka vari kumhanya 95 km / h, uye kurwiswa chayabata - vanenge 360 km / h.