Gerhardt chigayo muna Volgograd (mufananidzo)

Volgograd nhasi kunoita kuyeuka zvinotyisa zviri Second World War. Rinenge guta rose rakaparadzwa, uye zvivako vasara vaiva muchimiro zvipoko, vakakuvadzwa anoshongwa uye nemabara. Nakisisa Kuedza vaneta asi kuhwina hondo vanhu yakadzorerwa uye akavaka patsva Stalingrad. Ipapo mutsva mukuru-simuka zvivakwa ikoko, upamhi dzinoungana uye nzira, asi ndangariro Zviitiko zvinotyisa vapenyu.

tsananguro

Mill Gerhardt - chinyararire chapupu, vakapona apererwa hondo yeSoviet vanhu pamusoro Fascism. Akakuvadza chivako nemaune asina kudzosera uye akasiya yakadaro, nokuti pakuvaka zvizvarwa zvaizotevera. Zvino matongo furawa azvikuya emakambani vanobatanidzwa "Hondo Stalingrad" zviri miziyamu zvakaoma.

chitarisiko

Gerhardt chigayo muna Volgograd ane dzinonakidza nhoroondo pre-hondo iyo yakatanga kusvika 1899, apo muzvinabhizimisi Alexander Gerhardt of neGermany Straub Novouzensk County Samara dunhu akapiwa imwe bvumidzwa nokuda pakuvaka azvikuya makambani. Muzhizha 1900 kumucheto Caricino akazviratidza Gerhardt chigayo. Ipapo vakatanga kugadzirwa uye kutengeswa furawa.

Gerhardt chigayo muna Volgograd. nyaya

Panguva moto 1907 chigayo Akapisa zvinenge pasi. Asi muna May 1908 rakavakwazve zvakare, pakuvaka yaishandiswa chisimbiso vemasvingo zvakasimbisa kongiri zvivako, panguva nzira iri mberi.

Chivako achava chinhu simba chaizvo, pakukora masvingo aro - pamusoro meter, saka Gerhardt chigayo chete kunze rinonzwika zvachose yakagadzirwa dzvuku chidhinha. Interior Fittings vanoitwa kusiyaniswa nemupristi michina nokuda nguva. Nejenareta achibvumira mabhizimisi kudzivisa zvinovhiringidza nokuda kwokushayiwa nemagetsi uye zvemaziso conveyors kuwedzera yauinayo. Paivawo dura, mumwe bhaira mukamuri uye yokuchengetera zvinhu apedza zvigadzirwa. The maindasitiri kunzwisisa Gerhardt kunze furawa, zvaisanganisira mafuta dzainetsa, kubika uye rybokoptilnoe kugadzirwa.

1911-1942 gore

By pakutanga 1911, boka kwakaunza munhu kwaye mari, uye iri kugadzirwa 78 vashandi vaiita basa, basa kusuduruka urwo rwakatora maawa gumi nehafu. Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1917 Gerhardt chigayo akanga nationalized, uye kusvikira 1929 rainzi mwero chigayo nhamba 4. afa K. Grudinina, vakambotadza aishanda ari Turner panguva kambani Gerhardt, uye pashure pokuchinja akatora mugove wayo nationalization, chigayo akapiwa zita wemufi rechiKomonisiti. Muvambi wekambani, akafa April 21, 1933, pashure pokunge asungwa nokuda NKVD.

basa rake rakaramba chigayo kusvikira 1942, matsime kugadzirwa mukuru-putika mabhomba yakawira padenga zvavakanga vachida kuita. Somugumisiro kwavo vasawira chigayo building, kuuraya vashandi vakawanda. Part vashandi akabviswa, vamwe vakatanga kudzivirira guta uye sokuronga kukosha kuwana kurwizi.

1942-1943 gore

The chigayo akaramba kushumira guta rake nokutendeka pashure kuvaka chaitwa kudzora chikwata Chervyakova refutenendi vanodzima. Uye dzimba pedyo Pavlova uye Zabolotnogo akava murayiro romukova yaiva namatatu Guards kwepfuti Division. Iyi nzvimbo yachinja kupinda pakati ne nokurwisana: nzvimbo muvengi ari pedyo chaizvo uye havana kumisa kutokonora. Chivako vanhu mairi vakaurayiwa. morale yavo haina kuputswa kunyange mabhomba uye atirari moto.

Varwi Red Army rakatora mukomberedzo kudzivirira iri rakakombwa paguyo, mazuva 58 achazunza muvengi kurwiswa. Hondo dzairwiwa zvose padiki zvevhu. The napedyo of chigayo kurwizi yave rokuyamura varume vedu. Vakagadza kuyambuka. Masikati rwizi chaiitirwa dzose moto uye kunyange usiku kushandisa mazambuko aiva nengozi zvikuru, asi pakanga pasina nzira.

Muna 1943 akatanga hombe-pamwero tsamwisa wamapoka zvedu munzvimbo Mamayev kuKurgan, akatsvaira kuburikidza munharaunda "January 9" akarega kuva pakati pomoto. Ipapo mauto Red Army vakakwanisa unganidza mitumbi vavo, vakanga vakavigwa magamba akawira mativi ari vakawanda muguva, uye munguva yorugare akatogadza girenayiti shongwe.

Hondo Yapera

Mumakore pashure pehondo, kushingaira kudzorerwa muguta, yakaramba isina kumbobatwa Gerhardt chigayo. Stalingrad yakavakwa patsva, asi dzimba dzakawanda, kusanganisira imwe chigayo, akasiya sezvo ari kuyeuka hondo inotyisa uye ropa.

Mukwikwidzi of Great Patriotic War Malyutina Ekaterina Yakovlevna vakandiudza kuti guta rinocheneswa zvisingaiti German, kuti kuonekwa kure. Yaimiririra madota uye matongo ibwe vasingagoni kupikisa moto zvinouraya, uye varume vakamira.

Chirefu kupfuura kuvaka 4th of Stalingrad vaiva mumatongo chigayo uye neimba Pavlova, zvose haapfuuri ibvi. Kutanga basa kudzorerwa raiva demine guta inodiwa. Saka chete pamusoro Clearance wenharaunda chigayo uye imba Pavlova Gerhardt akatora makore rimwe nehafu. Kunyange zvazvo chivako chacho takapoteredzwa waya, vana kuziva zvakanga zvakaoma kurega. Naizvozvo yechiFascist anoshongwa akaramba kuuraya munguva yorugare.

Kwenguva refu nguva ichiri kunzwa Kuputika akapoteredza Stalingrad, anoshongwa German vakaramba vasingadi kusiya Russian munyika. Asi vanhu veSoviet haana kuora mwoyo, uye akabata chivakwa. Vanhu vaigara ipapo kazhinji kwese. Somuenzaniso, panyaya iri 2nd akasiya Stalingrad matatu Ndege German, kuti mumwe wavo akaita munhurume dhomitari. Kudzorera yakashatiswa guta nehondo yakanga kuitwa nokukurumidza. Munguva pfupi, vanhu vakatanga kupinda mudzimba itsva.

Kuvaka Panorama Hondo Stalingrad miziyamu rakatanga muna 1967, yava Museum uye chigayo building, pasina mubvunzo, ndizvo kudanwa kadhi kweguta. Nhasi, ari miziyamu kunzwisisa kudzivirira Stalingrad akatendeuka Gerhardt chigayo.

Volgograd zvino - guta vachiita kuti haakanganwi magamba wayo: veko aigara kushanyira yemakuva varwi vakanga vakarwira nyika yavo. A Panorama of Hondo Stalingrad miziyamu chinoratidza chinokatyamadza rokurwa uye kuparadzwa, munyika kusarurama marangwanda zvezvivako Zvakaoma kuziva pari Volgograd. At zviitiko rwakazvitsaurira kuna Victory Day, kuti vakamborwa kupona ndichichema kutaura nezviitiko iwayo hondo, uye kuvakwa yekare chigayo inomira sechiratidzo evadzimi edu nemishonga. Makariita kongiri, ibwe ikavhunduka, uye vanhu vakapona!

Hwindimiri panguva ino

Makore matatu apfuura, Gerhardt (Volgograd) chigayo rakanga richakavazarukira rokuongorora kubva mukati meimba. Nhasi, kutya kuparara uye netsaona, ongorora kuti akabvumira chete kunze, asi pedyo akabvumira isingawanzowanikwi karwendo boka venhau. Masitepisi dzakavharika kubva yokunzvera mbariro. Asi kunyange kuburikidza kunogona kuonekwa chii zvinotyisa hondo vakatora nzvimbo mukati nerimwe pasi chivakwa. Kuburikidza anotungamirirwa Tours uye kutaura mazuva iwayo anotyisa, miziyamu vashandi kuratidza netsaona kubva mabara anoshongwa pamadziro echivako chacho.

It akapukunyuka kuonga kwayo simba design, asi zvino muvengi wake mukuru ndiyo nguva. Naizvozvo, kuti miziyamu anoronga kuchengetedza pakuvaka uye kubata hydrophobic unhani kuidzivirira kubva kumwe kukuvara.

2013

Muna 2013, pakuvaka chigayo pakagadzikwa diki kopi chivezwa reTsime vana kutamba. Nokuti mukuru Kuvimbika aida kuzviita munhu kuchereka shoma, zvino isu vakasarudza kukanganisa yakawandisa tsime uye vaviri nguva yakarova nenyundo.

Vanovhura kuguta unofanira kushanyira ichi miziyamu ndakasuruvara. Gerhardt chigayo muna Volgograd (mapikicha havagoni kutaura zvose nezvekufadza ose aona) vadziyeuke kwenguva refu.