Giant usimbe Megatherium: tsananguro

Mamiriyoni Makore akapfuura yakakura expanses dzenyika ndedzaMwari mhuka, pakuonekwa iyo murume ano hakugoni kufungidzira, nekuti havana refu kubva akafa, vachisiya chete mapfupa, iyo masayendisiti painstakingly kudzorera pakuonekwa kwavo uye maitiro. Kamwe ari munyoro Kusch Americas Vaidzungaira hofori sloths Megatherium. mhuka Giant kadikidiki akanakidzwa maviri nzou muto mashizha chete pemiti. Giant usimbe akatora munyoro nyore, akagara pamusoro makumbo ake hadzi. Modern hama vaRafa ichi sokuti kuenzaniswa naye dukuduku mbava mukanyiwa akarembera mumuti webazi.

Vatsvakurudzi vanoona uye Zvakawanikwa masayendisiti

Kokutanga hofori pasi usimbe zvisaririra dzakafukurwa ne Spanish colonists muna 1789 kuArgentina, pedyo Buenos Aires. Zvemo vanhu Patagonia vaifunga kuti mapfupa ndiko kuti nhuta hombe. Maererano omunharaunda ngano, kamwe iye akabuda pasi uye akaurayiwa nechiedza chezuva.

Viceroy of Spanish mapoka ari Marquis pakati Loreto pakarepo akatuma mapfupa kuna Madrid. In zvokutsvakurudza guru "nhuta" inoramba vavimbisana musayendisiti Jose Garriga. Nechekare muna 1796 akabudisa masayendisiti bepa umo akarondedzera mhuka yekare nokutsakatika.

Garriga akaenzanisa pamwechete nzou, nekuti kukura mhuka South American haana bvumidza. Asi makumbo ake netsoka guru vaiva refu uye zvairema kupfuura nzou, uye pezvakaita dehenya, sezvo akanongedza mubasa rake musayendisiti, chakafanana musoro usimbe.

Its chaizvo kukura mhuka wakanzi "Megatherium", iro rinoreva "mhuka huru". Saka narok zvakasikwa Zhorzh Kyuve, achitarira marangwanda mufananidzo, izvo akatuma vokuSpain kuna Paris Academy of Sciences. musayendisiti French, uyewo Jose Garriga, vakadzidza nerumwe mhuka tateguru usimbe ano.

General kufara akapoteredza yakatotsakatika mhuka

Vatsvakurudzi vanoona uye Zvakawanikwa masayendisiti akava kutekenyedzwa mu Europe. Ipapo mukuru nyanduri German I. V. Gote akatsaurira hofori usimbe rondedzero yose. Museums, kuwana marangwanda ake, vakanga vakagadzirira kupa avo yose gore negore bhajeti. Mambo Carlos IV of Spain aida kuunza mhuka kuna Madrid. Uye mubati haana hanya kana akafa kana mupenyu. Iye nokushayiwa mano vaidavira kuti Shanduro yeNyika Itsva, sezvo zvakanga iyoyo America, richiri kugarwa Megatherium.

Kufara vakavapoteredza vadzikama kusvikira pakati pezana XIX remakore, kana dzasara dinosaurs dzawanikwa. Panguva ino Patagonia ashanyirwa nevatsvakurudzi vakawanda. Kuwedzera mapfupa Megatherium vakawanikwa kungoda pamusoro nematope menzizi, nhoko, zvakasara ganda uye bvudzi nomumapako. Nokuda chando uye chakaoma okunze Patagonia chinoramba zvakanaka vakachengetedzwa, vachibvumira paleontologists pamusoro nguva, kwete chete kuti recreate nomufananidzo mhuka yekare, asi kuti kutsanangura tsika dzake uye kudya.

The pakuonekwa hofori usimbe Megatherium

Giant usimbe Megatherium rinosvika munhu yakakwirira mamita matatu. Uyezve, mhuka kukura kaviri kana akasimuka pamakumbo ayo hadzi. A mhuka yakakura, rairema matani mana munzvimbo iyi yaiva nguva mbiri kupfuura nzou. Izvi pamwe nokuda kureba hunde usimbe, riri mamita matanhatu.

Megatherium magumbezi gobvu jasi, uye pasi rakanga kwazvo zvakasimba ganda. Ganda hofori usimbe simbisa diki mapfupa Dombo. kavha Izvi Megatherium husingakuvadzi invulnerable. Achimukuvadza vasingagoni kunyange kuita mhuka yakadaro ngozi yakafanana Saber-toothed ingwe.

Giant usimbe vanayo yakafara dhishi, makumbo simba jeko nenzara vanosvika kureba masendimita 17, uye zvinoshamisa gobvu muswe yaisvika kuti pasi.

musoro The mhuka iri mupfupi tichienzanisa hombe muviri, uye chiso chake aiva elongated chimiro.

Chokufamba hofori sloths?

Megatherium kukwira miti sezvinoita muzukuru wayo ano. More Charles Darwin, uyo akadzidza zvasara vake XVIII remakore, akati ichi chinowanikwa mhuka mune rimwe nemabasa ake. Airatidza penga pfungwa ariko zvirimwa angakudzivisai hofori yakadaro.

Kudzidza mapfupa zvaibva Patagonia Darwin muEngland, uye akanga Muzvinadzidzo Richard Owen. Ndiye akataura kuti Megatherium zvinokambaira panyika. Kana achifamba, hofori usimbe chakafanana Aardvark ano haavimbi rutsoka wose, uye pamupendero wayo, kuti arege kunamatira pasi nenzara. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, akanga kunonoka uye zveufende zvishoma.

Masayendisiti Modern vanoti Megatherium aigona kufamba pamakumbo ayo hadzi. Saka, ongororo biomechanical vakaperekedza A. Casino muna 1996, akaratidza kuti skeletal maumbirwo hofori usimbe kutamira chete pamusoro pavo. Zvisinei, chikara ichi vachifamba vakarurama nhasi anoramba anokakavara nyaya munyika nesayenzi.

Features Power Megatherium

Megatherium aibata edentates mhuka uye zvokudya kunonyanya pamusoro pezvinomera. Sechivako yokumusoro rushaya chinoratidza kuti mhuka yakanga refu yokumusoro muromo kunoshamisa saizi, kwese kunoitika herbivorous mhuka.

Giant pasi usimbe akamutsa pachake ari pamakumbo ake hadzi, mapazi emiti kukwezvwa yake, vakagura muto mashizha uye vaduku matavi, uye akadya navo. yakafara muhudyu, tsoka dzake hombe uye gobvu refu muswe vakamushumira rutsigiro uye kubvumirwa, pasina kushanda, kungoona hanyanisi. Munguva ichangopfuura, masayendisiti vaiva nechokwadi kuti usimbe akabvarura mashizha tichibatsirwa rurimi wakareba ive. Zvisinei, zvichangobva netsvakurudzo kuti maumbirwo rushaya ake chaitadzisa paumbwe tsandanyama, izvo zvinogona chokumurambidza.

Kunze megatherium mashizha miti uyewo vakadya midzi. Anotora kubva muvhu kushandisa ayo refu nenzara.

Kungava Megatherium kuva chinorura?

Megatherium anofungidzirwa chingava aoma carnivore. Scientist M. S. Bargo inoitwa 2001 kudzidza mazino midziyo ane hofori usimbe. Yakaratidza kuti achidya havangasimi chete, asiwo nyama zvokudya. mazino mhuka Indigenous vane mativi chimiro uye vari zvakakwana unopinza micheto. Uchibatsirwa wavo, hofori usimbe akakwanisa kwete chete kutsenga mashizha, asiwo nyama. Pamwe Akaitawo kusiyanisa zvaunodya, vachidya zvakaora, kusarudza pazvikara chayabata kana aivhima pachake.

Megatherium aiva zvakanaka pfupi olecranon, nokuda iyo Mbabvu dzayo kumberi vakava zvikuru zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita. Similar zvinhu zviri kunyanya Mbeswa mhuka. Saka megatherium ane simba zvakakwana uye kukwira kurwisa Somuenzaniso, glyptodonts. Mukuwedzera, migumisiro biomechanical kuongorora kwakaratidza kuti nenzara dzavo refu hofori usimbe aigona nyore kushandiswa senzvimbo chombo mune hondo pamwe nedzimwe mhuka. Kunyange zvakadaro, masayendisiti akawanda kuwana pfungwa chikara ichi Mbeswa zvikuru negakava.

Mufananidzo wekare upenyu hwemhuka

Zvisinei kana Megatherium nehasha kana kwete, akanga asina vavengi. Travel kuburikidza mumasango uye minda hombe mhuka arege achitya upenyu hwake, masikati nousiku.

Giant sloths, maererano masayendisiti akawanda, akagonya mumapoka maduku. Pane pakatarisana nemaonero maererano iyo mhuka idzi dzakanga oga uye vakagara munzvimbo yakavandika mumapako oga uye kwomurume vanhu yakabatana mumwe chete panguva kuberekesana uye zvokurera vana.

Apo Megatherium vaiva uye kwavaigara?

Sezvinoratidzwa radiocarbon misi yose Zvisaririra, yakatotsakatika mhuka akazviratidza Pasi anenge mamiriyoni maviri apfuura panguva Pliocene. Pakutanga, hofori sloths rinogarwa uswa uye mumasango zvikamu South America. Gare gare, vakakwanisa kuchinja uye kunzvimbo ine dzisinganayi ekunze. mapfupa Animal, vaongorori vakawana kwete chete muArgentina asiwo Bolivia, Chile uye Peru. Part Megatherium anofungidzirwa akawanda akatamira North America. Izvi runoratidzwa dzawanikwa kondinendi zvakasara hofori usimbe.

Possible zvinokonzera kutsakatika mhuka yekare

mhuka idzi he akapukunyuka kusvikira Pleistocene uye vakava yakatotsakatika anenge 8.000 apfuura. About chikonzero nei zvakaitika, masayendisiti achiri nharo. Vazhinji vanodavira kuti mhuka havana kukwanisa kufamba mamiriro ekunze. Zvisinei, chokwadi chokuti Megatherium kwezviuru zvemakore zvinobudirira kujairana ezvinhu matsva, uchapupu chero chikonzero kutsakatika kwavo, kureva chimiro yakaoma kwevanhu, pavanodzvinyirira vakaparadza shaggy varefu, vachivhima matehwe dzavo. Zvichida nemhaka madzitateguru maIndia vekare, uye vakava yakatotsakatika Megatherium. Zvisinei, unopinza kuderera vemo uye haizopereri kunyangarika kwemarudzi zvingaita zvose zvinhu pakarepo.

Legends vakapukunyuka Megatherium

Kubva sayenzi nenharo ngaatore ngano iyoyo yakakura mhuka, ane mapfupa akanga kamwe awana vokuSpain vakambodzidza yeNyika Itsva, vachiri vapenyu. Kufanana ngano yeti, anovanda kubva pameso avanhu. Runyerekupe ane nayo kuti hofori sloths vagara mujinga eAndes nhasi. Chokwadi, shanduro kuti mhuka yekare yakatotsakatika achiri inofamba iri expanses South America, hadzina kundigutsa, asi pfungwa iyi uchidanana excites hwomoyo vanhu, vanovamanikidza kutsvaka husingarambiki hwokuti pachake chokwadi chacho.