How to nemainji kune mm? mm mu nemasendimita Vangani?

Unoyeuka Kasikana kubva rungano, Thumbelina? Iwe kumbofunga nezvemavambo kwaro zita? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo.

About shoko "iri."

Translated kubva Dutch shoko "padiki" rinoreva "thumbs". It chiyero urefu zvakaenzana upamhi avhareji yevanhu thumbs (kunyange mumwe munhu anoti tiri kutaura pamusoro kureba yokumusoro phalanx). Asi, musi chero mugove kana mubvunzo, zvinoitika kuti Thumbelina - musikana ane zvigunwe ukoshi.

Panzira, mune tarenda yakakura anozivikanwa rimwe gamba akaenzana. Zvakaratidza kuti mudiwa wedu Boy Thumb zvingashandawo kudamwa Ringanidzo Dyuymovchikom. The sedambe Ichokwadi. Zvisinei, zvigunwe evanhu akasiyana, saka vachiri vanoda tsanangurai: mangani mm por padiki?

The kwakakura suduru

Kusarudza chii chinoumba suduru muna neMM, hazvina kudaro nyore. Chokwadi kuti chikwata ichi, icho kwemazana emakore, rave achinja kunyange mukati chete mamiriro nezviyero, tisingatauri zvakasiyana. Vienna padiki wakaenzana 2.6340278 masendimita kana 26,3 mm; Spanish omunharaunda padiki (pulgada) kubva 23.2 mm; MuMexico, umo Anonziwo pulgada, masendimita mm pakukura yaiva akaenzana anenge 23.3.

Pamazita ichi aigona kuzadza zvinenge kuti kusaverengeka. In nerimwe German Länder aiva akasiyana nevamwe rudzi akati urefu matanho: Baden, Bavaria, Saxony uye Prussia, uyewo padiki Confederation of Rhine. In kuBaltic enyika, ukuwo, vaiva Courland, Riga uye vanotozvifarira. In ndima Commonwealth kuripo Old Polish uye novopolskie masendimita uye Wrocław, Breslau, muSilesia, Lithuanian yekare. France aiva nechiyero urefu. Paiva zvakafanana dzakabatana kunyange kuJapan uye China. Saka, 1 nokuKuni (Chinese padiki) muna mm aiva 33.3. Kunewo inonzi vidikonovsky padiki, zvinowanzoshandiswa mu kuyera digitaalinen kamera chizvaro. Iye akaenzana 16,93 mm.

Pamusoro Meter Convention uye arşive hurongwa

May 20, 1875 kuParis, panguva Bazi Foreign Affairs wokuFrance, akanga yakasainwa t. N. Meter Convention - chibvumirano chakagadzirirwa nechokwadi zvakafanana mune dzakawanda metrological mitemo. By chibvumirano ichi, vakabatana Russia - pachinzvimbo chibvumirano yamambo yakanga yakasainwa mubatsiri Okunev Embassy. Kuitwa gungano akashanda inokosha riwedzere kuti kukura ari arşive ezvinhu zviyero pakutanga kusimudzira mureza mita uye kilogram uye. Zvakange gare gare akatanga hweBazi tsika munzvimbo dzine magetsi uye optics. Pakazosvika Meter Convention nokuti nguva vari kurerekera kunyika dzinopfuura 50, kusanganisira zvose zvikuru dzakabudirira.

Two zvaakacherechedza zvinokosha. First padiki - old chikwata vakawanda haana ukama kune arşive hurongwa. Uyezve OIML (International Organization Legal Metrology) rinokurudzira zvakasimba kunokurumidza kushaya ayo yakwidzwa ndipo achiri kushandiswa kuyerwa (chikonzero, ndinofunga, zviri pachena). Cherechedza wechipiri. The Kudeuka uye vakava zvikuru nyika Zvisinei, United States, uye akasaina Meter Convention, asi haatori pachayo kusungwa kushandisa arşive ezvinhu zviyero. Padiki rinoshandiswa nevakawanda sezvo yomunharaunda dzaishandiswa sezvo vamwe nyika zvakakomba kunokanganisa kutevera OIML audzwa.

An Chirungu padiki

Saka chii chiri zvose ndiro chikwata ichi sei kuratidza 1 padiki mu mm? Pari panguva kutaurwa rokuti kazhinji inoreva Chirungu, kana paakaenda mwero urefu. Its ukoshi chiri kushanduka kakawanda, asi kubva muna 1958, kushandura masendimita mm zvichaguma 25.4 paminiti chikwata. Saka kuti kukura kwedu fairytale kutaurwa zvino rinoumbwa kusvika 2,54 cm. Kutaura zvazviri, mafufu!

Panzira, muEngland, padiki inonzi padiki, izvozvo akaziva chiratidzo - Taridzamutauri Somuenzaniso:. 17 "Saka murume vakasarudza, muti, mutitengere TV, hakufaniri kuvhiringidzwa nokuda kaviri nomuzariro kana taura ari nhamba pamwe nenhamba iri Chinovhara saizi. Zvose pamusoro chete SI dzakabatana.

MuUnited States, sapamazuva England, ane 1958 DPI anoonekwa akaenzana 2,54 masendimita Ikoko, chikwata inoshandiswa muminda siyana, uye zvikuru zvikuru -. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe kutaridzwa caliber nepfuti. In America caliber chombo (hunde rwomumwoyo dhayamita) unotaurwa hundredths ane padiki. Saizvozvowo, yakakurumbira Wembongoro 45 caliber chombo zvinoreva ane hunde dhayamita pamusoro 0.45 nemasendimita (11.43 mm).

Apo rinoshandiswa muna.

Pane mubvunzo pamutemo. Sei munhu mupenyu munyika anoshandisa arşive mamiriro zviyero (Russia), vanofanira kunetseka US prices kana urefu, muti, sei kutendeutsa mm kupinda masendimita? Asi zvinhu hazvisi nyore. Mumakore achangopfuura, nokuda pakuwedzera American ano uye chidzoke unyanzvi mashoko matsva, masendimita akatanga kushandiswa mumutauro wokuRussia zvikuru. Pamberi paiva rose maindasitiri, sezvamakaropafadzwa akati ukoshi ichaongororwa kuva hweBazi yakayerwa. Saka, muna masendimita kazhinji akayera caliber atirari. Zvisinei, chinofanira kuva kunzwisisa voga. Somuenzaniso, muna UK, kusiyana US, anoyera vanoratidza thousandths mashoma suduru. A akakurumbira Russian "trehlineyka" - iri 3 inokwana zviyero kumusoro (7.62 mm).

Masendimita dziri kushandiswa motokari indasitiri: ivo kuyera dhayamita motokari nemavhiri. Sezvo kuvapo Soviet yemotokari indasitiri yakatanga nezvavatorwa rwokugadzira uye marezinesi, mune diki kwazvo akashandiswa uye dzimwe mazwi. Somuenzaniso, mumwe yomuzana borns mumhuri motokari maindasitiri, PCM-10, humburumbira dhayamita ndiyo 2 1/2 "(63.5 mm). The dhayamita masendimita anoratidzawo teresikopu lenses, uye mumwe chairema nechiyero inoshandiswa kupenda sepombi.

About suduru chubhu

Ko refu netsika kushandiswa akawanda panguva nokushanda pamwe gasi uye mvura pombi, uyewo kuratidza kuti kwavari vakatongoparadzwa shinda. Asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa: Pipe padiki mm - ichi hakuna kufanana sebhanditiwo padiki.

Pfungwa iyi haigoni kunzi kwesayenzi, asi ane zvaanoreva yakajeka. Padiki chubhu iri kuonekwa yokunze dhayamita ane nyere umo yomukati dhayamita anoenderana senguva padiki. The kwakakura ichi yakati zvemasanga: Zvikwepa vane thicknesses siyana, izvo chokwadi kunokanganisa nhamba diameters. Asi kune vamwe kufanana kukwanisa kuuya pachinhu ichi.

On a ndokunge zvichipfuura

Achitaura pamusoro parameters anobudiswa (yakanyikwa) mutopota anoreva kazhinji kunze dhayamita. Chokwadi, pasi akafanana zvimwewo tsika asi zvakasiyana rusvingo ukobvu, dzomunyika kukura zvinhu zvakasiyana zvingasiyana yekudyidzana. Naizvozvo, pfungwa zvimiso kuchinjwa mutopota: Uyu chaiwo womukati dhayamita, izvo zvingaita aenzane imwe ukoshi kwokunze. Somuenzaniso, mune imwe mutopota, iyo chikamu 40 neMM, chaiwoiwo womukati dhayamita anogona kuva chero nhamba zvakakwana zvakafanana.

Seiko kuziva? Zvadaro, kuti mukuru indekisi, iro rinowanikwa pamusoro mvura ndima ndiyo yomukati dhayamita yacho nenyere. In tsika, mvura inoshandiswa sezvo simbi zvigadzirwa ayo anoratidzwa mune masendimita, uye mhangura, aruminiyamu, Stainless simbi, yakabereka pamusoro arşive nemitemo. Naizvozvo, munhu akarurama shanduro masendimita mm nyere (nokusungwa nhamba yemabhuku kuna arşive tsika). Kune anokosha matafura (GOST 3262-75), wakateya tsamba pakati-siyana nezvimwe dzavo parameters. Mavari sezvo nechigadziko kukosha uye aizviti kukura chinobviswa (ndima) chubhu.

Pamusoro shinda

Zvikwepa kazhinji vane kubatanidza. With diameters vanopfuura 6 nemainji iri aiwanzoshandiswa nomoto, zvigadzirwa zviduku zviri vakaruka pedyo shinda, vane parameters kazhinji anoratidzwa masendimita. Step nyere shinda - nhamba shinda re chimwe chikwata yakadaro. Pano panewo matsamba pamatafura kuveza matanho mm Nhamba shinda por padiki. Panewo tafura nokupfupikisa, unobatanidza padiki saizi cylindrical nepombi shinda wayo arşive parameters. Maererano nazvo, kunyanya, ari threading 3 padiki 87,884 mm anoenderana tsika; 86,405 uye 84.926 (chezita Nhamba rokunze, pakati, yomukati diameters, ukuwo). Kazhinji NPT - iri sainzi, pamwe rebei boka zvinodiwa siyana, zvinangwa iyo - rworudyi kunovhengana kuti zvinhu uye ezvirevo kuti une shinda. Panobva zvinodiwa izvi zviratidzo padiki tambo hurongwa.

Uye zvakare pamusoro masendimita

The zita "padiki" nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka kazhinji kuwanikwa mune tsanangudzo mamwe maindasitiri kwendangariro. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "dyuymovka" dzimwe nguva rinoreva dare pakukora suduru kana chero chipikiri (mu iyi zvakare kunova akakodzera shanduro masendimita mm). Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Kusvikira zvino, pfungwa "kunanaira" apo aireva akakurumbira yechigarire uye simbi zhinji zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Asi kuti dzakanyorwa iyi nzira chinhu anachronism, kana kwete kukurumidza kukura noruzivo rwemakombiyuta, izvo zvakazoita mazwi matsva turnover yedu. Resolution vamwe vaidhinda uye dzimwe namano kazhinji anoratidza Dots por padiki (DPI). Ikoko pfungwa pixels por padiki (ppi), chisarudzo kushandiswa apo kunyatsovatsanangurira mudziyo kugona kutungamirirwa kana outputting purogiramu. Pfungwa DPI uye ppi yemazuva ano kufanana nomumwe.

Masendimita sezvo akayera kubudikidza sefa pamusoro mobile phones, monitors, Diagonal TV (yaimbonzi muSoviet Union, ukoshi ichi runoratidzwa cm). On chidzitiro ndeyokutaura shoma zvikuru.

About pixels uye mufananidzo

Vazhinji, kutaura terevhizheni kana vamwe sefa, vaiona chinokosha chinoratidza ukuru hwaro. Ivo anotendeuka kuva yakawanda yekushandisa zvakasimba nokuda diagonal kureba zviyero (somuenzaniso, 21 nemainji mu mm) kuedza kufunga kana kuti ichi uwandu iri zvakakwana. Zvisinei, pane zvakafanana zviratidzi inokosha iyo vatengi zvokushandisa kwakadaro vasingawanzotauri teerera.

Pixel - waishandiswa izwi, uye akatamira kushandiswa nezuva. Kana kubva determinations zvakaoma, asi Pixel anganzi duku indivisible chinhu chaicho ruvara mufananidzo. Raster mufananidzo kombiyuta iri akaita pixels yakarongwa mumitsara neshongwe. Mitemo TV vari siyanei, asi pano kutaura pamusoro chisarudzo pamusoro mudziyo nezvaaikwanisa, t. e. pamusoro anokwanisa kumiririra kupfuura nhamba zvikamu (zviumbu) akaratidza mifananidzo. Chokwadi, chero mufananidzo kunyange kupfuura yakanaka uye unhu, dzakanga uwandu pixels por chikwata nzvimbo chidzitiro. Ndiwo kare kutaurwa nhamba ppi (Dots pa padiki kuratidza). Kukosha ppi kunokosha zvikuru kuti Kunyatsoona unhu wakajeka, saka achaita kutsvaka kana kutenga yakakodzera michina.

Zvisinei, kwete chete pixels mufaro - saka, kanenge, vanamazvikokota vakawanda vanoti. Kutsvaka mukuru-chisarudzo zvinotisvitsa chakakura yakawedzera mutoro pamusoro Graphics kadhi. Kureva, vatengi vacho terevhizheni uye nezvimwewo zvakadaro vanofanira kunyatsoongorora totarisa "zvayakanakira" uye "nezvayakaipira", uye kumbomira optimum kuti zano Bhaibheri.

Masendimita masendimita ...

In kombiyuta tsika, tinoyeuchidzwa unokosha ichi kunyange apo isu kutaridzwa parameters zvakaoma Zvifambiso, dhisiki Zvifambiso, DVD-nemotokari unhu. Masendimita uye pfungwa kukura chizvaro pakati digitaalinen Camera. Chii chizvaro uye chii zvazvinoita rine pamusoro kukura mufananidzo yepamusoro? Uyu anonakidza uye anokosha mubvunzo, asi mumwe hurukuro.

How kuyeuka kukura suduru?

Man, regai kusiyana ndangariro wakanaka nhamba, zvinokosha kuziva zvinotevera:.. 4 nemainji mu mm mari kuti 2.54 * 4, T E. A zvishoma kupfuura 1 masendimita Muzviitiko kana iwe havadi chinokosha zvakarurama, zano rakadaro zvichibvira kushandisa vamwe mamiriro ezvinhu ezuva nezuva.

mhedziso

Kana ukanyora "padiki" mubvunzo chero search engine, mhinduro zvokusarudza uye zvichazununguka kubatanidza kuti nyaya James Aldridge "wokupedzisira padiki". Izvi duku, asi chaizvoizvo zvinokosha basa, razova chinhu chaiwo mabhuku nyika, kwete kamwe filmed. Vabayiwa inosuruvarisa ushingi yevanhu, kunzwisisa ukama hwababa uye mwanakomana, quirks wematambudziko.

Asi chinofadza wenyaya nyaya. Nei "wokupedzisira padiki"? In nyaya mwana-gore gumi kumbobvira ndege, zvaigoneka kwete chete kuti kutyaira yakaoma nzira, asiwo akariisa zvakaoma uye kunyange ngozi ezvinhu. vakakwanisa mwana. Wokupedzisira padiki pamberi pakudyara yakatanga kumwe, akatendeuka nawo zvakasiyana munhu - munhu mukuru ndiani mutoro, zviri pachena uye chiso itsva mune ramangwana ukama hwababa nomwanakomana. Saka hakusi nguva dzose dzakarurama kutaura padiki mm - dzimwe nguva kukosha ichi chinoda yakasiyana zvachose nzira uye neShanduro.