Ideal Gas Pressure

Tisati tataura pamusoro chii kumanikidzwa dzakanakira gasi, chinofanira kujekesa kugutsikana pacharo "akanaka gasi" pfungwa. A pfungwa iyi inechirevo kwemasvomhu womuenzaniso, zvakasikwa inonyatsoita Vanzveri kuti pakugoverwa dzingangoitika uye kinetic simba pamusoro kuwirirana mamorekuru akadaro kuti zvinogona simba anogona kuregeredzwa. Chemico-mumuviri rinoreva ndechokuti kutarisirwa mhedziso elasticity ngarava pamadziro, inova gasi, uye uyezve, anoona kunyora nezvavo ukoshi kukwezvwa mauto mamorekuru pakati pulses kurova ngarava parusvingo uye kune mumwe.

kunzwisisa kwakadaro kubva musimboti dzakanakira gasi iri inoshandiswa zvikuru mune dambudziko kupedza gasi wethermodynamics.

Panguva chaiyo, akasiyana akasiyana akanaka gasi: chaiwo, uyo ehupfumi takatsunga ne mitemo dzenhoroondo hurongwa uye quantum, hunhu iro rinobva mirawu quantum Vanamakanika.

Chokutanga akauya mukuru mukana wokuti vanhu vanga guru yefizikisi French Benua Klapeyron. Iye akakudziridza uye dzinokosha zvokudya dzidziso yakanaka gasi, izvo zvinoumba hwaro zvose ano dzidziso kudzidza magasi akasiyana-siyana.

The kutanga chinzvimbo dzidziso iyi iri vakagumisa kuti kuoma iri kukosha dzakanakira gasi panguva chenguva Linear hunhu bhuku kwayo zvichienderana tembiricha. Zvakakodzera kufunga zvimwe contingencies zvekungofungira:

- the dhayamita ane yakanaka gasi mamorekuru duku kuregeredza ayo kugamuchirika mutengo;

- kupomba pakati mamorekuru inogona Kutamiswa chete panguva kwemotokari, saka, unogona kuregeredzwa uye nesimba kukwezvana pakati pavo;

- yaipedzerwa simba pamusoro gasi mamorekuru kunozivikanwa kugara pasina kupisa uye basa rinoitwa pasi gasi. Panyaya iyi, akakodzera gasi kufurirwa kunoenderana Verengai kupomba magnitudes kuti kunotangira iri kudhumhana pamwe mamorekuru ari mudziyo masvingo.

Munguva Kuvapo dzidziso masayendisiti akawanda mubasa mukudzidza mumuviri namakemikari yezvakaita gasi, uye anosvika vazhinji vavo havana chete. Izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi kuti zvinhu dzidziso funga kupatsanura ane yakanaka gasi tichitarisa mitemo kuti aiswe hwaro kutsvakurudza ake kuti yefizikisi - Fermi gasi, Bose gasi, uye vamwe. Saka, maererano nerechiHebheru kusvika vaiona gasi panguva kugutsa mitemo uye Boyle uye mutemo Gay-Lussac kuti: Zvirevo = Bt, apo peji - kumanikidzwa, T - Mhedziso tembiricha. The yemaitiro anotipa Mendeleev pamusoro dzakareba pfungwa dziri zvivako: Zvirevo = m / M x RT, izvo akasarudzwa: R - gasi chenguva, M - matadza guru, m - vakawanda.

Mumwe dzokutanga dzakabudirira uye nedzidziso gasi zvivako aiva rondedzero zvivako zvose yakanaka gasi kufurirwa. Asi pfungwa iyi vaiva zvikanganiso chokuita chimwe-mativi yokusvika pakudzidza. Saka, kunyange akayera uwandu kumanikidzwa hatigoni kunzwisisa kunze parameters pakati avhareji tsika pakati kinetic simba nerimwe wacho mamorekuru, uyewo wevasungwa pakati mamorekuru izvi vari mudziyo. Saka, mamwe zvimwe parameter naro kushandiswa angapedza dambudziko. The tembiricha yave wakatangwa sezvo yakadaro uwandu yefizikisi. Izvi scalar kwazvo mune wethermodynamics zvinopa pfungwa iyo chafariz mamiriro ezvinhu uye kuti nesimba raro. Asi dzidziso magasi tembiricha inokosha uye kuti samolecular kinetic parameter, nokuti rinotsanangura unhu gasi mamorekuru iri mumudziyo, uye kunoratidza dzavo dzakakwirira kinetic simba. ukoshi uku kunonzi Boltzmann rusingaperi.

Kuti kutsvaka nzira yokuita dzvinyiriro varege kupinda kunzwisisa kuvakuru masvomhu, zvakakodzera artificially kuzozivisa zvimwe simplifications:

- wechinhu mamorekuru anomirirwa muchimiro basa rinosvika;

- kure pakati mamorekuru kupa zvikuru guru, chete chiito vehondo okutorwa mwoyo;

- the velocity of mamorekuru simbisai pamusoro neavhareji chechetere;

- kuuya mudziyo Rusvingo zvachose kwakavharwa nenyama.

Kubva ichi isu vanogona nzira yemaitiro umo yakanaka gasi kufurirwa kuchava quotient kwakakura simba kuita perpendicular kuti mudziyo parusvingo, pamusoro pemvura nharaunda pamusoro izvo simba ichi mabasa: p = F / S.

Muzviitiko, kana anoitwa yedu haaiti kuona sei kuchinja yakanaka gasi nevamwe ichi nyore payakavakirwa vanofanira kupinda mimwe tsika.