Inertial bhuku hurongwa

With kutanga mashoko chero zvinofamba muviri anogona ngaaverenge kukosha kumhanyisa kwayo, kukurumidza, nzvimbo (Coordinates), nezvakadaro. Masvomhu All izvi anoteererwa mukati yechinangwa kinematics. Zvisinei, bazi iri nesayenzi achidzidza pezvakaitwa pachavo havasi kunobva zvokuimba inofamba. Pindura mibvunzo pamusoro unhu rwokufamba, nokuda kumhanyisa kupomba simba anogona.

Tora mabhokisi mutambo mumwe mukati maro uye kutanga kufamba mune rimwe divi pamwe tafura iyoyo nokukurumidza. Chii chinoitika kune mutambo? It anozorora kana unotii? Zvose zvinoenderana worudzii waverenga reference, isu achasarudza huru imwe. Panyaya bhokisi machisi yozorora, asi kana iwe tarira chiri kuitika pamusoro chikamu (somuenzaniso, imwe tafura) nayo, Uchibviswa. Vose vari vaviri nyaya kuti kumhanya machisi iri kugara. Kuti zviite unofanira kuva pamusoro mabhokisi uye kunowirirana zvokunze simba Somuenzaniso, kuti ariswededze tafura. Izvi ndizvo chakaitika inertial bhuku hurongwa. Ngationei kufunga kuti tiri mubhokisi parutivi mutambo. Sezvo kwokunze chiito haisi pachena, nguva kuwa iwe vaizofunga kuti mutambo pacharo zvakatanga kubudikidza tikwanise kumhanyisa kufamba kweropa. Asi kana tikatarisa zviri kuitika, vari patafura, inopindirana maitiro ari nyore akatsanangura kuchinja pakukurumidza bhokisi. Kutaura zvazviri, hatina rakarondedzera inertial uye vasiri inertial bhuku mapuranga. Nokuti maitiro rokutanga chiito nechitarisiko vehondo, uye nokuda zvichizoita rwechipiri kumhanyisa nechitarisiko mauto hazvigoni kutsanangurwa. In muenzaniso uyu, ari inertial bhuku hurongwa chokuita pemvura tafura uye mumwe chinhu ari bhokisi, sezvo zviri pachena kwokunze kukanganisa chinhu pasi kudzidza. Problem runotaura kuziva vakakurumbira nyanzvi yekare zvakadaro, sezvo Galileo naAristotle. Chete muzana remakore rechi17, Isaac Newton nemhaka basa ravo akagadzira kutonga yokutanga inertia, nani kuzivikanwa mutemo Newton wokutanga.

Rinotaura kuti ariko zvinogamuchirika bhuku mugadziriro, umo iri muviri ndiko dzokupisa kwokunze dzimwe miviri, uye sangano nokukurumidza haachinji zvine musoro ekuteerera, ekuteerera kuti dzidziso. Kana migumisiro vashoma, asi ivo vari pakati nepakati, kunoshanda chete mitemo inoshandiswa inertial bhuku gadziriro (ISO). Kana tikaongorora bhuku gadziriro hama nepedyo, dzimwe kugara kumhanya Unit uye kukosha, chinogona nharo kuti zvakasikwa pane akawandisa ISO. Naizvozvo inertial bhuku hurongwa vose yakatipoteredza.

Zviri nyore zvikuru kunzwisisa mutemo Newton yokutanga, kana kuziva zvakabuda vamutangira - Aristotle uye Galileo.

Aristotle nharo kuti kana muviri hariwaniki kuva chero yechitatu-nebato simba, yepanyama mamiriro nayo - rugare. Kana munhu misha muviri pamwe kugara nokukurumidza zvokunze simba anofanira kunge varipo.

Galileo akawedzera Zvakawanikwa izvi: kusavapo nechitarisiko simba hazvirevi kuti muviri haagoni kufamba zvakanaka uye pasina kuchinja mirayiridzo. The chaizvo chete simba kuti ane zvazviri, kupambadza kuripa giravhiti, kukweshera uye zvichingodaro.

Inertial hurongwa kunobva zvachose Mutemo Rokutanga, maererano chipi muviri yozorora kana akapfeka yunifomu zvitange chero bedzi kwokunze simba haachinji pawaiva. Chinokosha: mutemo inogona kuitwa kwete zvose zvinobvira bhuku enyika.

Inertial maitiro sowakajeka vatsigirwe vachishingaira kushandiswa hurongwa yokudenga uye astronautics (heliocentric hurongwa). Tinofanira kutaura kuti hapana zvakadai waverenga bhuku kuti zvaizova inertial zvose zvinobvira pezvakaitwa wegadziriro.