KAZ-4540: zvekushandisa maitiro, mapikicha. Trucks Kutaisi Automotive Plant

Kukura zvokuimba okugadzira muSoviet Union akapiwa vainyatsotarisirwa. chirimwa Mumwe ari kuedza kuumba Tech motokari, uyo achatora nzvimbo yayo munyika kwezvivako cheni. Dyarai muguta Kutaisi, haana kutsauka mukuru dzinokura kuita zvinodiwa uye zvinangwa. Designers akanga asika wemarori, rwakazokura kunozivikanwa - KAZ-4540.

History chokusika

Muna 1975, panguva chikumbiro of USSR Gosselhoztehniki isu pamwe GKB guta Balashov, uyo specialized mukusika Trailers kuti motokari uye nematarakita anofamba, uyewo Yaroslavl fekitari rakatanga kukura itsva rwokugadzira. Basa rakanga kusika mutsva womuenzaniso nezvitima kuti kurima. Motokari aifanira sechibereko asipo kubatana, chaisanganisira muunganidzwa zvirimwa mumunda, zvimwe dzavo vachizvitakudza nokutsanya yokufambisa uye vachidzikisa.

Mukutanga 80s pachishandiswa ari Kutaisi chirimwa kwakatangwa kugadzirwa itsva ina-nemavhiri motokari. The hwaro muenzaniso mutsva akazova kumumvuri of 0215 US-vakasikwa kubva zvavo KAZ-608B, pamwe upgraded midziyo uye inoyerera ngarurege pamusoro zvokubatisa maviri.

Usati watanga dzakatevedzana kugadzirwa uye nokuparura rori idzva pamusoro expanses dzaiumba USSR, venguva pamwero kuidzwa ivhu rwaiitwa. Nokuti chinangwa ichi chakange pakutanga akasikwa motokari 20, vakanga vakatakura vose mugwagwa uye pabhenji nekuongororwa. Muna 1981, panguva nzvimbo Hatina zvapedza kuidzwa yacho zvitima itsva. The vagadziri haana kugumira ipapo uye akaita vanoverengeka yakabvumira kugadziriswa kwemutemo wekuita uye kuchinja kuti munhu magungano zvikamu mamiriro. Izvi zvakateverwa zvakaitika itsva uye nekuongororwa dzose. New KAZ-4540 akanga chinhu zvakafanana wambotaurwa yokutevedzera ari zvizivikanwe "Colchis".

Atova January, ari 84th, kana apedza interdepartmental miedzo, rori yacho akakurudzira votanga kugadzirwa. A mwedzi gare gare akasika batch mangé 500 michina okutanga.

Kubva musi rori ichi rakagadzirwa uye tarakita. Akamuka mutsva chokuguma - KAZ-4440.

"Colchis"

zita iri akapiwa lineup pamusoro nematarakita anofamba kugadzirwa chirimwa muna Kutaisi. Motokari dzokutanga akasiya atova August 1951. Vazhinji zvakamisa hurongwa vanounzwa kubva chirimwa zita Stalin. Nemhaka wehondo pamusoro Moscow Enterprises uye dzakaunganidza kunorasirwa marara marori, zviduku nematarakita anofamba, uyewo mitoro motokari pasi zvizivikanwe zita "Colchis". chiitiko chitsva mufananidzo havana chakafanana chero zviripo panguva iyoyo.

"4540" - muenzaniso chakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa zvokurima. Production akaramba kubva 1985 uye 1998. Panguva iyi, hwatakatanga shanduro dzakasiyana mumotokari "Colchis". A pachena chinoratidza KAZ-4540 ane rakajeka Orange Cubicle huru kwazvo windshield.

sarudzo

Mitoro KAZ-4540, yakanga yakasiyana nedzimwe dzose dzimwe yokutevedzera vaviri kutyaira zvokubatisa, kazhinji kushandiswa pachiimbwa turera pamusoro zvizivikanwe GKB-8535. tsapo ichi yaimirira turera akashandiswa chokufambisa okurima zvigadzirwa.

Tipper KAZ-4540 - a-chinja muchina vachikwanisa tutunura kumativi matatu. Zvichienderana chaizvo zvakashandiswa uye nzvimbo imwe neimwe nzira. Motokari akanga akashongedzerwa nomwoyo-nemavhiri pamwe optioneel differential zvechizarira shure ekisero.

Cutting-kumucheto magadzirirwo kunoita kushandisa muchina mu tandem pamwe vakohwi uye donje zvirimwa. "Kolkhida" - motokari ane permeability yakakwana inodiwa midziyo yaishandiswa mune zvokurima, uye inokwana matani 11.

Muna 1990, vagadziri agadzira mapepa izvo aizobvumira kushongedzera motokari firiji, kushandiswa pachiimbwa zibhokisi pakakwirira, uyewo kuti pave motokari nokuti moto. Zvinosuruvarisa, kukura haana kugamuchira pakuzadzisa uye akaramba chete papepa. "Colchis", pikicha iyo chinopiwa pazasi - iri rinonyanya vakakumbira kopi panguva muchina.

kabhini

Cab - cabover, riri pamusoro injini. marongerwo ichi kwakavandudza agility uye maximize kushandiswa rose papuratifomu. "Colchis" - motokari ine pfupi wheelbase uye kwazvo maonero nokuda mutyairi. Large-kabhini ane yoga kugara nzvimbo, mumwe kurudza uye chitofu-hita. izvi zvose mune mari yakapiwa yakakwana hwaikosha nyaradzo nokuda kwenguva refu uye-refu dhonza ndege. Muna 1985, yaiva yakanaka kwazvo paakati.

Muna 1990 vakatanga kugadzirwa ane upgraded Bhaibheri. Zvinonzi vakapakata ine hydraulic gadziriro kudzora kuvhurika mapuranga. Kana tichibvisa chero kushanda webato bhodhi anovhara kwaita.

simba chikamu

Mumuchina akatasva Diesel injini zvizivikanwe YaMZ-KAZ-642. Engine KAZ-4540 wakaiswa kuti wheelbase uye aiwanzopiwa wokushanda pamwe masere mudziyo kuti chinja rachulis (4 iripo hutachiwana uye optioneel mugoveri).

Simba chirimwa raiva zvakananga pamusoro mberi ekisero, uye zvose mitumbi kuti zvinopa kuzvidzora, vakanga kusundwa mberi napo. The uchityaira Nzvimbo iri pamusoro injini. Chisarudzo kuumba urongwa hwakadaro kwakakonzerwa kudiwa kuwedzera kushandisika munharaunda iri iyo zvifambiswe zvakashandiswa iri. By kuwedzera mbudo angled wakawedzera permeability. zano iri vaipa mutoro kuparadzirwa dzakafanana zvose namasanhu. On pamberi nhoroondo matani 6.12 kurema, uye pamusoro musana - 6,14 m.

Dzakafanana vachizvitakudza akabvumira kushandiswa mavhiri vasina pamwe paupamhi matai, uyewo kurerutsa sezvo zvikuru kudzora mamiriro kufurirwa mudenga makamuri.

zvakagadzirwa Vakawanda akasuma paaisika KAZ-4540. Mumwe Disc akadaro aiva CV vadyi, inozivikanwa zvikuru yakavimbika kupfuura idenderedzwa nerokuti. Kunonyanyisa nokukurumidza yakanga 80 km / h, asi mutoro vanokwanisa akaenzana vanosvika 6 m.

chassis

Kumhanya midziyo anobvumira muchina kutama rinorema tsvina migwagwa uye nemuminda pashure kurima. At KAZ-4540 rori yedzimudzangara wakaiswa kuti 8 zvinzvimbo, kufambira mberi uye vaviri - kare. Zvakanga zvakaoma chivakwa ina 4-nokukurumidza gearbox uye mahwanda 2 modes.

Dry batira akagadzawo pamwe kukweshera disks uye pneumatic. Vachishandisa kutenderera injini yaiiswa vose mabhiriji. Kuchinjwa bhokisi yakaiswa kuti interaxle differential nokukiya. Pehurumende kushandisa yoga bhatani pamusoro dashboard.

Front ekisero kuturika vakaungana kubva longitudinal namatsime telescopic damper. Rear vakatasva Semi-elliptical rinopeperetswa zvitubu kaviri.

chiremera

Vatyairi vaishanda pamusoro Nzira yacho zvizivikanwe "Colchis", akadaro kuti anobudirira zvikuru muenzaniso raiva KAZ-4540. Reviews kunyatsoti inonzwisisika, asi wekuita muzvinhu zvakawanda. Huru zvakwakanakira kuti dzave rakati:

- "4540" - wokutanga muna USSR kunorasirwa marara, akasika chete zvinodiwa zvokurima.

- Easy kuvariritira uye kugadzira nekuvongwa nyore kuwana zvinenge zvose nzvimbo uye zvigadziriswe.

- Excellent muchinjikwa nezvitima vane kunonyanyisa mutoro.

- vachizvitakudza akavaverengera zvitatu vachidzikisa.

- Full kadikidiki cabover kabhini, zvakarudzwa vakagadzirira pamwe noungwaru zvigadzirwa.

kutadza

Low zvinodiwa hwomuti vashandi havabvumirwi kusika kugadzirwa yepamusoro nemotokari. At KAZ-4540 Aiva mazakwatira nhamba zvainovhiringidzawo:

- Kazhinji kukundikana mashandiro anokonzera kuwedzera mberi.

- Kugara vhinza hydraulic zvinwiwa uye nemafuta ari panosangana nokupfuuridzirwa uye injini zvirongwa.

- yakakwirira kumanikidzwa pombi haana kununura runodiwa parameters.

- The simba pfungwa vaiva rivets vari mutoro kugadzira mberi zvitubu kusvikira pamatanda.

Vamwe zvakanakira Kunwa uye kutyaira kukodzera ikava payakaipira. Zvakafanana mutoro zvose zvokubatisa anobvumira kuwedzera throughput, asi hasha motokari ine mukuru mukana wokuita zviputse muchina. KAZ-4540, hunhu izvo akapa munyaya, richiri kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo vose Russia neUkraine uye dzimwe nyika dzaiumba USSR.