Kolyada (zororo): kare uye tsika

Vanhu vakawanda mazuva ano vanodavira kuti Krisimasi Kolyada zvakabatana chaizvo. Kutaura zvazviri, kubva vechihedheni nguva, apo pakanga pasina kunyange kugamuchirwa chiKristu muRussia, uye vanhu vakatenda vamwari siyana, kwatova tsika sezvo Kolyada. Mutambo uyu yakatsaurirwa kuna Mwari wokudenga Dazhdbog.

vanhu vekare vaidavira kuti pashure kwezuva muchando, mwari anopepuka kudenga, uye zuva urefu rinotanga kuwedzera, uye usiku - kutapudzwa. Madzibaba edu aiva chaizvo Dazhdbog uye akatanga kumurumbidza uchibatsirwa tsika nziyo - carols.

Kubvira panguva iyoyo, tsika dzakawanda dzakachinja uye akanganwa, asi vachiri tsika zhinji, kunyange ari siyanei chimiro, isu vanoomerera nhasi.

Musimboti romutambo

Kolyada - zororo of Slavs, yakakurumbira zita Krisimasi uye Christmas nguva, iyo mberi nhasi c 7 kuti January 19 (Kubhabhatidzwa).

Chinangwa chikuru Kolyada - achakabata mitambo rwakazvitsaurira kuna Christmas Eve. Huru tsika zvakachengetedzwa kuti pamwero, uye munguva yedu, tiri:

- takapfeka siyana outfits, zvikurukuru akaita kwematehwe uye nyanga mhuka, kushandiswa Masiki;

- caroling, pursuant nziyo kolyadnyh;

- akavonga kolyadovschikov gifting vavo zvihwitsi, chikafu, mari uye zvimwe zvinhu;

- mitambo vechiduku;

- kushopera vasikana kuroorwa.

Kolyada - zororo, yakanga yakakura uye anokosha munguva yechando pamwe nguva dzavahedheni, sezvo iye zvino Christmas vaKristu vose.

Kana Krisimasi Carols

Kolyada - zororo of Slavs, musi uyo wakatanga Yule (December 25 - zuva kwezuva muchando), uye vakaramba kusvikira 6 January. Saka, kunyange pamberi kuitwa chiKristu, vanhu vakapedza Christmas Carols tsika vachirumbidza mwari kudenga - Dazhdbog.

Chii zuva Kolyada mutambo yaipembererwa pashure kuitwa chiKristu? Rechihedheni kupemberera akabatanidzwa pamwechete rokuberekwa kwaJesu Kristu, uye Christmas nguva dzatoona kubva 6 kusvika 19 December, t. E. Kubva Christmas kuna Epiphany. Izvi dzeKirisimasi achiripo kusvikira ikozvino.

The ukama vadzinge Christmas Carols

Kolyada mutambo vakapemberera vachikudza zuva kuberekwazve panguva kwezuva muchando. vanhu December 25 vasiri chete vaipemberera New Year - vaidavira kuti nhasi ndiro chidzoke yeNyika Itsva uye zvokurima mabasa.

A. Famintsyn mubhuku rinonzi "uMwari of Slavs yekare," rakanyorwa muna 1884, akataura kuti mumagwaro ekare kune panotaurwa vanamwari vaviri - Kupala (mwari zhizha kwezuva) uye Kolyada (mwari kwezuva muchando).

A. N. Afanasev kunyora "zvokudetemba maonero yezvakaita Slavs" vanotaurwa kuti zuva rakanga muenzaniso hunofadza uye naMwari upenyu. Solar huMwari kwainzi kwazvo inopenya, ngoni; kuti chinokurudzira zvose zvipenyu kuti upenyu, zvokudya uye rubatsiro vanhu.

Zvaidavirwa kuti chiedza zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe hwakafanorongwa, saka vanhu akakumbira rubatsiro iye kana kutevera matambudziko ake uye nokukundikana. Uyewo, zuva rakanga kudzivisa zvakaipa, rima uye kuchitonhora.

Nokudaro, necheSalvic zororo Kolyada uye chokupika Christmas carols - nayo tsika yakatsaurirwa kuna mwari zuva, iyo inoratidza ukama hunokosha madzitateguru edu ezvokuvhenekesa.

Kududzirwa zororo

Kolyada - yechihedheni zororo, uye zita rayo ine midzi kare.

Mumwe dzidziso nezvemavambo kweshoko "Kolyada" achisimbirira kuti akaenda achibva "dzaidzorwa" - ". Zuva" Inochengetedza vanhu kubva murima, uye musi waDecember 25, akaberekwa ari mutsva uye duku nyeredzi, iyo yakabatsira kuwedzera chiedza masikati nousiku kunoderedza.

pfungwa dzakasiyana yaibatana Dmitry Shchepkin, uye kuri chokwadi kuti shoko "Kolyada" rinoreva "pai kudya kana pai midziyo", "kumhanya kumativi". Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa ndechokuti boka akaenda kugomba carols yose mamita akatamba uye vakaimba Christmas carols, zvikavaodza mubayiro Goodies, uye pashure vakadya chikafu pamwe, izvo nakolyadovali.

Uyezve, pane zvinofungwa kuti "Kolyada" rinobva mumashoko:

- "uriri" - atungidza chigutsa;

- "kolo" - kumativi, vhiri;

- kubva rechiLatin rokuti "Kalenda," kureva kuti "zuva rokutanga romwedzi" ...

The etymological Duramazwi zvinoreva shoko chinotsanangurwa se "tsika riri chokuita pakutanga kwegore", iro kwese kunyange chiKristu chisati chavapo, uye pashure kuitwa chiKristu munguva necheSalvic mazororo Kolyada yakatangwa pazuva yokuberekwa kwaJesu Kristu.

Maererano ethnolinguistic duramazwi (necheSalvic yekare), shoko rine nevahedheni. Uye kutya anoti Kolyada hapana kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo necheSalvic uye yechihedheni, uye ichi izwi akabatwa pamusoro sokuratidzwa vafundisi (kureva: "zvipo kana zvipo, izvo dzakatorwa nevafundisi" kana "kugutsikana kuti New Year").

How kugadzirira mutambo Christmas Carols?

Kolyada - zororo, iro raiva guru uye chinonyanya kukosha kuti vanhu. On hwaro ichi, mumwe aigona nharo kuti kugadzirira nokuti pachine uye nokungwarira. Vanhuwo zvavo (kunyange kubva varombo mhuri):

- kugadzirira yakawanda zvokudya, kunyanya nyama, uye ichi nezvironda zvetsono nguruve;

- vakachenesa kwazvo panyika imba;

- zvakanaka-nguo ari kugeza;

- kugadzira outfits itsva, kunyanya nokuda caroling.

Chimwe chinhu haana kumbochinja: sei kare, uye ikozvino tinovavarira kunosangana New Year mazororo akanatsa zvose mumuviri nomumudzimu.

Sezvo yagara vaipemberera Kolyada?

vanodzidza nezvavanhu Most vanobvuma kuti kunyange munguva chiKristu chaiva netsika, sezvo Kolyada. Zororo nyaya zvichiratidza uye zvinofadza, tsika zhinji uye tsika achiripo kusvikira nguva yedu, asi vamwe isingachashandi simba uye rakachinjwa.

Krisimasi Carols uye mhemberero yaiitirwa zvinotevera kuti:

1. pamhemberero rokutanga ndechokuti vakawanda vanhu vakauya mutemberi dzevahedheni (netemberi) kubudisa tsika chibayiro uye kutaura vamwari, kuva pedyo navo.

Sezvinotaurwa muna ngano, vanhu vakaungana pedyo norwizi, musango pedyo moto uye akavonga uye vakarumbidza vamwari vavo, achikumbira kutendeuka uye makomborero mune ramangwana. Saka zviso zvavo zvakanga embellished, Masked, akapfeka namatehwe izvi uye zvimwe zvipfeko, vakanga vakabata mapfumo, nenhovo uye nyanga mhuka, nezvibayiro uye kushopera.

Nokuti tsika chibayiro uye kushopera aida muroyi - munhu inopa kubatana kuna vanamwari. Mumhuri, basa iri mukuru murume. Asati kushopera raiwanzoitwa chibayiro shiri kana chipfuwo. Panyaya iyi, ropa rinoteurwa uye vakasasa kumativi kuti uvharidzire midzimu yakaipa. zvikamu mhuka dzisina vaida zvokudya, akavigwa pasi, inopiswa nomoto kana rikanyuramo murwizi.

Vakuru vakauraya dzinovaraidza achikumbira kuna vanamwari. Panguva iyoyo, vasikana vaduku uye vakomana, uye vakashamisika, uye vakaimba Christmas carols, izvo akarumbidza Kolyada - mwari zuva mukomana.

2. Chikamu chechipiri chakatsaurwa kuti zvavo Kolyada kudya. Vanhu vanodya zvokudya akabayirwa, isu vakanwa zvinozoita mukombe iro akapfuura vakakomberedza denderedzwa. Saka vakaimba carols, vachirumbidza vanamwari Navi nemirayiro uye rubatsiro kuti vanhu vakanaka.

3. chetatu mhemberero vaiva vanonzi "kufara": Vanhu vakaimba siyana nziyo, akatamba kusvika necheSalvic zvavo zviridzwa.

Mutambo Christmas Carols (Sun kwakaita) aiva tsika dzavo pachavo uye peculiarities, uye zuva rakatevera:

- Kutanga, tinofanira kuenda caroling vana pamusoro vashoma vanhu. Vakatora 2 pai, iyo rikakamurwa zvakaenzana mativi uye vose vakadya pashure chokupika Christmas carols.

- Kana vari vaduku vasikana (vasvitsa) uye vakaimba zvavo nziyo. We Akavapa kalaches uye gingerbread zvose shoma.

- Panopera kuenda caroling vakadzi vose uye navanhu, vakati vaipiwawo uye makeke, uye makeke.

The chinyorwa of Christmas Carols

Uye nhasi, sezvo zororo rinopembererwa? Koliada kunosvika iri vortex dzokuzvinatsa famba. The chinyorwa uchiri sezvinotevera, pasinei kuwedzererwa uye kuchinja zvinoitwa dzakasiyana marudzi:

1. Christmas Eve (January 6), vanhu havana kudya kusvikira manheru. Asi panongovira denga yakaonekwa nyeredzi yokutanga, ivo vose vakagara pasi kuti chisvusvuro mhuri. On patafura manheru inofanira makosi 12, kusanganisira kwaida kutya uye uzvar pamusoro Dried zvibereko (maapuro uye Pears), uyewo vade nyama madhishi (Pancakes, makazara makabheji, zongzi, mukaravhani Sausages).

Kubvira kare kare madzitateguru edu aiva tsika kuisa uswa pasi tablecloth, iyo aifanira nhema ipapo kusvikira January 14 - Schedretsa.

2. Mangwanani - January 7 - anouya chikuru yechando mutambo Christmas. Nezuva rinokosha ichi, takasarudza kuenda godson ake, uye kuvapa zvipo.

Mushure kudya kwemanheru, vasikana vaduku uye vakomana vapfeke kwemhuka siyana uye Roma uye 10-15 vanhu vanoenda carols mapoka. Imwe kambani kolyadovschikov anofanira kupfeka mbudzi. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo (kunyanya Western Ukraine) Ndakasarudza kuenda hombe nyeredzi musha-yakaitwa. Kolyada vanoimba nziyo dzokurumbidza nyika, achikumbira ramangwana rakanaka, kutamba uye kunakidzwa. Nokuti ichi rupo wehondo kuvatenda uye kupa zvinhu zvakanaka zvakasiyana uye mari.

Zvaidavirwa kuti kana varidzi vasina kukiyiwa mukova Kolyada, izvozvo kukoka pamusoro mhuri uye urombo njodzi.

3. rakatevera pashure Krisimasi raiva zuva St. Stephen. Zuva iroro, muridzi aifanira zvakazara abhadhare vashandi vavo, uye ivo, akavapindurawo, aigona kuita zvinhu zvose kuti vaunganidza mumakore gore. Zvadaro kusarudza kupinda chibvumirano chitsva kuenderera mberi pamwe kana diverge.

Little zvakasiyana rakakurumbira dzomumaguta vagari ichi necheSalvic yezororo (Kolyada). chinyorwa chake chaiva zvinotevera:

- kuita vaitamba mutambo chirongwa uye mitambo mupaki uye pakati peguta;

- sangano wezvokutengeserana nhumbi;

- Ball nokutamba (vakaronga zvizvarwa vakapfuma).

Vana, uyewo nhasi, aigona kufadzwa Christmas muti, zvipo, kuenda Mitambo uye zvirongwa kutamba.

4. Iva kunakidza uye kupemberera Schedrets January 14. On nhasi, kwete chete vachiimba, vachitamba, asiwo akasarudza musikana musha yakaisvonaka. Akapfeka nguo, pfekai chishongo, Ribbon, iye akatungamirira chikwata nerunako, vakaenda paimba neimba uye schedrovali. The Wamasimba uye pazuva akaedza sezvo zvakanakisisa zvaunogona uye zvakawanda waipa nomutsa kune kuuya gore rakanga rakabudirira uye akapfuma.

Wrote nzvimbo munguva Christmas mazororo kolyadnyh

Kolyada mutambo Slavs vekare havana kupfuura pasina wrote. 3 aiva manheru chaiwo dzvene, mumwe icho rikagadzirwa uye tsika Porridge, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvakasiyana:

1. dzakaonda vane nzungu, michero yakaomeswa, Poppy mbeu uye uzvar wakagadzirirwa yokutanga chaivapo Christmas manheru - January 6th. It akadana nyangarara pamusoro kutey kukuru kwakadaro.

2. January 13 - New Year Evha mu yekare manyorerwo - yakabikwa kutyu wechipiri, yainzi mupfumi kana norupo. Pazuva iri patafura vakashumira ose akanaka kwomwoyo, uye kunyange Porridge ikazadzwa mafuta, mafuta, ruomba skorominoyu.

3. The kutya wechitatu - hwokuwa ari Epiphany musi waJanuary 18 - yainzi sezvo nzara uye rakanga, seyokutanga, wakawondereiko kudai, yakabikwa pamusoro mvura. Paiva tsika kuti ndechokuti musoro wemhuri manheru kubuda uye magedhi zvose, mikova vakachera michinjikwa kudzivirira vagari eimba uye mhuri kumidzimu yakaipa, njodzi uye mamiriro okunze akaipa.

Kolyada zororo Russia munguva Soviet anenge inopembererwa, asi ari 60s zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga ndimutsidzire necheSalvic tsika, uye vari 90s vakanga vatova famba yakazara kukadzoka mhuri weRussia. Nhasi, muimbire carols ari Mutsvene usiku - kubva 6 7 January, pamwe netsika zhinji kudzoka: nevana vaduku vanhu vapfeke ari mutambo akapfeka hembe, tora ane nyeredzi, dzidza achabatira nziyo. Varidzi, uyewo, vanoedza nomwoyo wose Ndinovonga Kolyada kuti gore akabudirira uye akapfuma.

Isa zvokushopera mazororo Christmas Carols

Zvokushopera pamitambo Christmas Carols mazuva achiitei nzvimbo inokosha, vanowanzoita aipedza manheru avaida Krisimasi uye kusvikira 14 January (New Year maererano nekarenda yekare). Zvaidavirwa kuti pamazuva iwayo musikana anogona kudzidza zvinozoitika muupenyu hwavo ndokusunungura chakavanzika ramangwana, kuona mwenga uye kufanotaura musi womuchato. Paiva tsika dzakawanda. The zvikuru nevanhu ava ndedzinotevera:

1. Aifanira kuenda panze uye kukanda pasi majombo pamwe rutsoka rwake rworuboshwe pamusoro fenzi. Zvadaro ona sei ikawira. Kana chigunwe weimba, asi gore rino haana kuroora, kana zvakashandurwa, ipapo vakatarira, mune mirayiridzo chii chinoratidza vene - vanoti, ipapo, uye kumirira Mr Right.

2. Braley 2 tsono, Aisa mafuta dzavo kana mafuta uye akakotamisa mumvura. Kana vakanyura pakarepo, izvozvo portends gore yakaipa, uye kana akaramba yerera, asi achiri vakabatana, zvakanga zviripo pechiratidzo, vapfumi uye kwava kuda kuroorana.

3. vaGadhi kuva simbe. Musikana wechidiki kubva woodshed tinongoita vakatama rimwe chigutsa uye vachinzvera nayo. Kana zvakanga ine, ari yairambidzwa achava dziine tsvina, dzisingatarisiki chimiro, kana kumeso uye kunyange, ramangwana murume ari wakanaka uye kunokudzwa. A yakawanda nokusunungura mapfundo ari chigutsa akataura kuti mukomana anobva mumhuri ine yakawanda nehama nehanzvadzi. Kana anwa uye pokruchennoe curved nerogi, mwenga kwokunze zvikanganiso (munyonga pockmarked uye t. D.)

4. Guessing pamusoro mhete. Chaiva pakuti ari nesefa akazadza chero bota kana rye, gorosi, uye akaisa pano 4 mhando muzvindori: simbi, sirivha, nendarama, uye nebwe, uye tsime vakamutsa zvose. Kuti izvi zvidaro, kambani aifanira yokushopera vasikana vasina kuroorana, imwe neimwe iri scooped kubudikidza tsama kugutsikana:

- kana chete zviyo mhiri, asi gore rino harina kuroora zvachose;

- kana munhu nyore chesimbi mhete kuti iye achava kuwanikwa murombo mukomana;

- kana rin'i sirivha, murume richava nyore;

- rin'i nedombo anofanotaura upenyu hwemhuri pamwe Boyar;

- chindori chendarama - chiratidzo kuti akaroora musikana dzomutengesi.

5. Pane nokushopera yawakashandira uchida kutora ndiro uye rizadze zviyo, bikai makobiri bepa, mumwe icho kunyora zita ndaviga kwake naye, mumwe kuruboshwe chinhu. Tora tsama zviyo uye kutarisa chii nguva vachawa kuchiva papepa:

- Kana pakutanga, musikana havafaniri kutarisira kukurumidza kudanana;

- wechipiri - ipapo iwe kutarisana zvimwe zvinetso;

- wechitatu - wechiduku ari kubiridzira pamusoro penyu, zviri nani kuti varege kutenda kwaari;

- wechina - the mukomana hanya zvachose kwamuri.

Vasikana vaduku vakashamisika:

- pakati pousiku muna bhati;

- aine girazi, achitarisira kumuona wakanyengwa;

- pamusoro pemvura uye makenduru.

Mumwe mukuru tsika dzaiva Skating mavhiri. Kuti izvi zvidaro, hombe yemapuranga denderedzwa sezvo vhiri moto akakungurutsa pamukwidza uye downhill. Pano unogona kuona zvakajeka ukama necheSalvic tsika uye tsika Christmas Carols, nokupisa vhiri, zvirokwazvo kunofananidzirwa zuva, uye chokwadi chokuti akapeta chikomo yakabatsira ichawedzerwa kune chiedza zuva.

History caroling

Christmas carols kazhinji rwakaimbwa kwete mumba, uye zvakananga panze. Young musikana akakumbira mvumo kupinda, uye ipapo vakaimba "vinogrado" kwakapararira munyika North. Pano Kolyada zvipo hapana makeke kana zvihwitsi, mabhisikiti uye kupira ari muchimiro mhuka neshiri. mabhisikiti izvi zvakaitwa kubva dolgohranyaschegosya bvunzo, vakanga anokosha uye zvinodhura mhuri dzose, nekuti vakaramba rose gore, saka kuti midziyo havana kurasa parwendo kumba uye muwande. Kuita kudaro Cookies pamberi, asi mufananidzo vatambi, akanga achitaurirwa kuna vanamwari (kana wemasaini Roda Sun).

Caroling setsika akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze kwevhiki, kubvira 25 December (Christmas iri pakarenda Julian). The chikuru unhu hwakadaro kwacho vaiva:

1. Star. Vakaita izvozvo kubva simba pabepa - nokukura rukuru mamita (anenge 0,7 metres) - uye chiedza chomwenje. Star akanga octagonal, dzakapendwa namavara dzinopenya.

2. Den. Warinozokwidzwa kunze bhokisi pamwe tiers maviri, umo vakaiswa Zvidhori huni, unoratidza nyaya yokuberekwa kwaJesu Kristu.

Under mahwindo kolyadovschiki akaita pfupi nziyo Devotional, uye chete mumwe boka kugadzirisa hondo aigona kupinda uye kuwana inobata uye mari shoma.

Kolyada - zororo, umo misha hombe Russia mumwe muchivanze aigona kuona mapoka 5-10 ane nyeredzi, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo vakaedza varidzi akapa.

Midzi zororo vechihedheni

Saka chii Kolyada? Musimboti zororo ndiko zvinotevera: ichi ndiwo mazita Ancient mitambo, vachikudza nekurumbidza mwari wechidiki wechihedheni zuva. Maererano mabhuku akawanda, Kolyada akanga achiri mwari nemitambo inomufaro.

The chikuru shanduro Nezvekwakabva zororo iri kuti rumbidzo kupenya kwezuva muchando. Pane kunyange yezvechitendero kune izvozvo. Korotun venyoka kuparadza zuva uye mwarikadzi Kolyada kubatsira vanhu uye uchazvara itsva, nyeredzi muduku - Bozic. Vanhu vari kuedza kubatsira mwarikadzi uye kuchengetedza achangoberekwa kubva nyoka nokuimba uye ruzha kudanidzira, kupfeka kutyisa zvokupfeka kubva namatehwe emhuka uye kushandisa nyanga. With carols youth anopfuurira zvose chivanze kukuzivisai kuti zuva wechidiki itsva akazvarwa munyika.

Pashure kuitwa chiKristu, Chechi akarambidza caroling tsika uye kunamata vanamwari zvakasimba, asi zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti chose kutsakatisa tsika dzekare uye zvinoitwa. Naizvozvo, mamita akatanga kufamba vapristi uye vatendi, uchiita kuti Iisus Hristos akaberekwa uye kumurumbidza. Tsika idzi uye akapukunyuka kusvikira nguva yedu. Nepo likes Krisimasi carols varidzi kazhinji regai zvipo zvinopesana, takaedza kudzivisa. Polesie kolyadovschikov vatendi vaisabvumirwa pamba, sezvo zvaifungwa kuti pachava pakukohwa mhunga, uye avo caroling maererano netsika dzekare, norupo mubayiro uye akavonga.