Kwakachengetwa of Penza nharaunda. State Natural Reserve "Volga inowanzorimwa"

The Watershed pakati Volga uye Don ari dzinongoitika kuchengeterwa "Volga inowanzorimwa." Muna 1924, zvakanga akasikwa kuponesa kuchamhembe steppes uye munzvimbo chisango uye akadana Penza. Muna 1927, annexing migove mamwe mapurovhinzi, Reserve akapiwa zita Mid-Volga. Muna 1937 zita akazonzi Kuibyshev, uye aionekwa kuchengeterwa kusvikira 1951.

Uyezve, maererano chisarudzo hurumende, iye hwakatamisirwa hurumende mapurazi, zvakazoita nokurasikirwa dzakawanda kumafuro munzvimbo. Chete muna 1989, ari kuchengeterwa yakavhurwa pachishandiswa kwokurangana shanu huru panyika zvakare: inowanzorimwa matatu guru - Poperechenskaya, Kucherovskaya uye Ostrovtsovskaya uye mbiri nyika dondo - Borok uye Upper Sura. The ndima kuchengeterwa - 8373 hectares. Around pake, nyika ndowenyika buffer rokufambira, izvo chete zvayo kushandiswa kweupfumi. On a yakakura zvakadai pakati Volga nharaunda, sezvingatarisirwa, kuwanda zvakasikwa ezvinhu akasiyana. Izvi kunyanya vakavhengana masango uye nemamwe kasvisto uye ivhu Zvinoumba mhandara inowanzorimwa.

ivhu

Very yevedza maonero kubva kuchengeterwa nokuda dzakasiyana-siyana zvokuyamura. Izvi rwizi yekare network, uye marshes, uye madziva. The chikuru upfumi reserves of Penza dunhu - ndiro ivhu. The buffer mapazi Kuncherovskoy steppes vari wakarimwa zvokurima munda. Kana pano unogona kusvika chokufambisa, asi Ostrovets uye Poperechenskaya inowanzorimwa havana tsvina migwagwa kana mvura miviri. Ivhu kavha steppes uye masango zvakasiyana. Vanonzi pfumbu nevhu vakawanda mumasango. Chernozem ivhu inowanzorimwa vakawanda vari arrays, sezvamakaropafadzwa bhuku wemarudzi ivhu manyowa rukoko anobva 80 kusvika masendimita 100.

Flora

Nature Reserve - sango uye inowanzorimwa. By nokuumba howa vari nemipaini uye nemiouki. Steppes rakakamurwa uswa, kwesha, marshy uswa. Inowanzorimwa anogara chokuita dzakafanana. Kunyanya zviri dzakanaka June uye July, kana sirivha neshinda kolyshatsya munhenga nemhepo, uye enliven zviri inowanzorimwa. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvose zviri mavara wemiriwo. Nemiti kuchengeterwa iri rakakura uye akabvuma horsetails, tsvimbo mosses, gymnosperms uye angiosperms, pane 850 marudzi, vasere zviri rwakaiswa panjodzi. Lichen ari steppes pamusoro Middle Volga 108 marudzi. Kune 119 mhando howa, mune imwe kuchengetedza nharaunda. Mune chisango nharaunda kusanganisira 72 mhando mosses. The Red Book vaiva 4 mhando rekushongedzesa kuti kurai chengetedza.

fauna of

The fauna of reserves of Penza nharaunda ine 800 siyana kwemarudzi nezvipembenene. Zvinowanika nzizi bogs amphibians, izvo zviri kuchengeterwa 11 marudzi. Mumasango uye paMaare dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo mhenyu dzvinyu nemvumbi, matatya. nharaunda Aviafaunu vane 154 eshiri. Pakati vakanyorwa isingawanzowanikwi Pallid Harrier uye Great Bustard. On nharaunda matendere adzo kuchengetera kuvaka zvihuta yavo, corncrake, Crested Tit uye Woodpecker toed.

mhuka World of kuchengeterwa "Volga inowanzorimwa" chinomiririrwa 44 marudzi. Rare dzinomiririra mukirasi ichi zvinosanganisira otter, yokuSpain, ermine. Dzinoburukira mujinga vanyoro hova kusangana foxholes. Forest-inowanzorimwa mapazi ari kuchengeterwa kunotema murwiyo pakati fauna of, kusanganisira mifananidzo nokuda kwemasango uye minda mhuka mhuka. Izvi zvinosanganisira vole, nhuta, inosvetuka. In yechando, masango vari kumusha mazana capercaillie uye dema Grouse, mhuka musii uye Elk. Vari kuvhima uye hove marudzi, uye vari panguva yechando kunovhima anobvumirwa.

Uye Steppes Kucherovskaya Poperechenskaya

Pamwe chikamu rwezasi-yokumadokero yedondo Kucherovskoy ane Asphalt mugwagwa unobva mumusha Old Shatkino uye Circe. unpaved mumaruwa Migwagwa samambure rinoenderera miganhu kudondo, anobvumira vanhu veko kupinda kuchengeterwa uye ndiye dambudziko pakudzivirira mundima. Pamwe kumuganhu wokumavirira Kuncherovskoy dondo inoyerera rukova anobva kubva kurohwa matsime nemakoronga. On mundima inowanzorimwa vane nomudzimai bolotets. On kumaodzanyemba mawere relict inowanzorimwa hunodzorwa uswa - ovsets mugwenga.

Poperechenskaya inowanzorimwa, kure migwagwa uye misha. Madziva ndiwo vasipo. The chete lähikuva inoenda kumusha pamuchinjikwa. Kuti vaende Reserve yakapoteredza ine tsvina mugwagwa. inowanzorimwa iri riri pamusoro rwenze pakati penzizi Archada uye Hopper.

Ostrovtsovskaya inowanzorimwa

Ngatitaurei nezvazvo. Ostrovtsovskaya inowanzorimwa matura ose Penza nharaunda ichaongororwa yakanaka kwazvo. Riri kure budiriro. Kumaodzanyemba uye nechokumabvazuva inowanzorimwa bordered nevanhu zvakadzama nemipata. Inowanzorimwa Dziine nzizi dzakawanda kuti vanomhanya murwizi Hopper. Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana, mashoko inowanzorimwa ane yayo akasiyana zvipfeko. Muchirimo zvinonzi mavara pamwe chena uye vaaleanpunainen omuarumondi uye minzwa. Uswa vaiona musoro yepepuru irises uye Adonis chitubu. Summer inowanzorimwa yakajeka mavara dzomusango mallow uye ruvara oregano. White daisies tarisa zvivara pakati mafungu neminhenga sirivha. Summer - inoshamisa nguva uye tumbuyu, anopapamisa pamusoro mumafuro maruva. Vanongouya kudzidza masayendisiti, uye akadai nondo hono beetles uye Krasotel, akarongwa sezvo pangozi.

Borok uye Upper Sura

Mune chisango chikamu Borca mupaini chinokurira. Mukuwedzera payo, ari kuchengetedza nzvimbo ichikura Rowan, Maple, Viburnum, buckthorn, shiri Cherry. Nharaunda sango bhandi anomhanya achifamba floodplain rwizi nzira Kadadah. Musango Borok anotakura mvura kuchengetedza ukoshi kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo. Mukanyiwa watemwa miti iyi masango nzvimbo kushaya yezvakaita basa Bork monument chinzvimbo muna 1965. Forest vanogara, kurarama pamahombekombe enzizi - the muskrat uye Beaver rwizi. Kashoma mumasango unogona kuona squirrels, dzomusango nemhara nondo. Birds anomiririrwa mune kuchengetedza nharaunda Sand Martin, kingfishers, zvakafanana Tern. Akaona shiri nesting uye nyama: nenjerere, goshawk, chitandadzo.

The mugove wechipiri matanda reserves Penza dunhu - Upper Sura, riri pana aumba Volga Upland. Izvi dondo nzvimbo huru kupfuura shanu, kungova chengetedza. Pano, ari kudondo mukuru nemipaini yecocoa zvinobva rwizi Sura. Ichi dondo nzvimbo asina kupfuma mumvura. Kune makiyi uye vaviri madziva. Mumwe wavo - kwegungwa rakajeka, iyo inotungamira imwe musango muhwezva. Izvi revashanyi anotungamirirwa anosarudza Reserve mudonzvo wavo perekedza, anopfuura. Kuburikidza dondo nzvimbo zvasvika vazhinji tsvina migwagwa, zvakagadzirirwa kuti vaende Reserve.