Atlantic Sturgeon: tsananguro, mhando uye dzinogarisana

The Red Book - chiyeuchidzo mupenyu chavanhu sei zvisina uye pfachura sezvo kwazvinoita zviwanikwa. Mumwe mufananidzo, yakanyorwa pamapeji aro - mukana kufungisisa nezveramangwana Earth. Nhasi, Somuenzaniso, ndiye mubvunzo chakasimba kwazvo kana chokuchengetedza yakasiyana munyika kupfuura marudzi Sturgeon - Sturgeon Atlantic. Uye kamwe aiva kakawanda mueni patafura kuti vapfumi mabiko uye mitambo.

Description kwazvakaita

Atlantic Sturgeon - chordates mukirasi hove ranzi-finned. Nderake mhuri yakakura Sturgeon. The zita Latin kwemarudzi Acipenser sturio.

Inside kuva Sturgeon zvinoreva nzvimbo inokosha. Phylogenetic nevamwe mhando Sturgeon havasi aizvinzwisisa. Pane mukana kuva kuzitateguru pamwe zvipenyu avo vane vanenge 120 okutodza (Sturgeon). Masayendisiti vachiri vasina kusimbiswa chaiyo taxonomic mamiriro vamwe vanhu abatwa kwavanogara nevamwe. Vazhinji gakava yakapoteredza North America nevanhu pamusoro Atlantic Sturgeon, izvo zvichaita kuedza kuisa mune imwe hondo.

Mhando Atlantic Sturgeon

Sturgeon angava chinoenderera, Semi-anadromous uye Freshwater marudzi. On nyika yaimbova Soviet Union kurarama mhando mbiri Atlantic Sturgeon: kukurukurirana (anadromous), kuita yokutama murwizi, uye Freshwater (dzinogarwa) chimiro, izvo anogara Lake Ladoga.

nzvimbo

Kare, hofori Atlantic Sturgeon anogara North uye kuBaltic Sea. Ndakasangana pamwe nemahombekombe Europe muAtlantic. Dzimwe rakabatwa muGungwa Dema. Species ndezvaiye hove zvinokosha zvokutengeserana.

Panguva zviri kukonzera yokutama Atlantic Sturgeon anogona kupinda mvura Kaliningrad nharaunda, Gulf Finland uye kunyange munzvimbo Neva. Asi nguva dzose munzvimbo idzi haana kugara. Kushumwa hove chete muGungwa White, specimens makuru ukabatwa pedyo pamuromo rwizi. Umba. Kupfuura maonero Anosungwa mvura Northern Dvina.

Ladoga chokugara vakawanda vakadzidza zvishoma. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Sturgeon kuita kuti pave Atlantic riri rwizi Volhov. zviri kukonzera nzvimbo kare muNzvimbo rezasi chikamu kusvika nezvikumbaridzo.

chitarisiko

The chikuru chepfungwa Atlantic Sturgeon - yakakura zvikuru. Pakuvamba, mhiri vanhu, muviri kureba kupfuura 5 mamita. Saka Weight aigona chero mukuru azvipire kg 600. Sturgeon - kuzivikanwa centenarians, uye Atlantic mhando hakuna anosara. mashoko chaiwo upenyu anotarisirwa masayendisiti zvakaoma kuwana, asi anowana maoko avo pamusoro specimens vaibva 45 kusvika 100 makore.

Kubva vamwe genus Sturgeon inozivikanwa nokusavapo pazvirugu vakaumba dakashwa membranes pazasi rokuPacific. Muromo hove duku yakaderera muromo hwakakanganiswa, musoro tapers nechepakatarisana uye yakati flattened. Basa kubata ushande maviri maviri tunonzwa. Meso zvakare diki, ane endarama Iris.

Kufanana Vamiririri zvose chondrostei, Atlantic Sturgeon pamusoro muviri zvakawanda longitudinal pfupa ichibhabhamisa, inonzi notupukanana. Asi panguva kuti hukuru yakakura kupfuura vamwe mhando iyi. Caudal peduncle akadzivirira nhoo huru. On the musana dziri rhombic mhou plaques.

Color Sturgeon haachaoni. Muviri emiorivhi rinokwanisa kucheneruka, mune vamwe vanhu, pane yendarama Sheen. Nhata mavara vakareruka kupfuura huru muviri. Rezasi Chikamu muviri (dumbu), chena.

maitiro Features

Kufambisa Atlantic Sturgeon tama kubva kugungwa kusvika kurwizi kuti kuita kuti pave. Havazivi kuungana muzvikoro guru, kufanana nedzimwe hove, uye uende rimwe kana mumapoka maduku. Rutoto nguva pane chitubu nechando nezvimiro. Winter Sturgeon vanoramba kuti chando nemvura yakachena.

Young mhuka kurarama nzizi kwemakore akawanda. Mugungwa, juveniles siya, chete richisvika mumwe muviri urefu (60 cm).

kubereka

Age pakuyaruka vanhurume ndepana rechinomwe namapfumbamwe gore. The hadzi dzinokura Papera, masere nemana (tsvakurudzo kuitwa muGungwa Black). Panguva zviri kukonzera, hadzi anogona chichakukura mazai mamiriyoni akawanda. Caviar wanamatira kuti substrate. Embryo budiriro kunoitika mazuva 3-4, asi tembiricha mvura inofanira kuva 20 ° C. At dzakaderera tembiricha embryonic pakukura kunonoka mazuva 10-12. Panguva hatching mazana urefu vanenge 10 mm. Nokuti 2 weeks muviri chinoshanda kuna 18 neMM, panguva iyo mazana kutanga kudya vakazvimiririra.

The chikafu

Zvokudya kubva mazana planktonic crustaceans uye hironamidy. Vanogona kuva tudyo zvipembenene mazana. Adult Atlantic Sturgeon kudya gerbils uye anchovies, uyewo invertebrates, nehonye crustaceans diki. Dzimwe ari kudya vari mollusks.

Conservation chinzvimbo uye hove

Atlantic Sturgeon kuti kutsakatika. Kuwanda kwevanhu iduku kwazvo nhasi, kubata Atlantic Sturgeon hakubvumidzwi panyika yose Europe. Saka, kutaura chii ukabatwa Atlantic Sturgeon, zvakaoma. About giya, kuoma kutaura. Chimwe chinhu pachena, kana nhamba inogona kudzorerwa, uye kubata of Atlantic Sturgeon achava zvinogoneka, ipapo anofanira kuva hove tsvimbo yakasimba kwazvo yakanaka zvinodhonza. Kakawanda hove yakaitwa dakashwa mambure panguva zviri kukonzera yokutama.

Mumazuva akare ndasvika mhiri guru kwazvo Atlantic Sturgeon. Trophy hove, kureva vabati vehove vanoda kuwana zvikuru nhengo kwemarudzi, kwakabatsira zvinoshamisa. Saka, muna Neva River muna 1851 akanga akabatwa ne hadzi Atlantic Sturgeon yairema anenge 320 makirogiramu. Kunze zvinonaka pemidengerero kuti nguva vabati vehove vakagamuchira 80 makirogiramu ose caviar. MuGulf of Finland Kudeuka chiratidzazvizhinji akabatwa muna 1934. hove huru iyi yakasvika 177 makirogiramu. In Lake Ladoga akanga kuwana zvinovaka mukombe. Sturgeon abatwa pakureba akanga 3 M uye vaizoremerwa 130 makirogiramu. effigy yakaitwa kubva namatehwe vaRafa, iyo anochengeterwa Museum of Academy of Sciences muSt Petersburg.

Wokupedzisira akasimbisa chokwadi kuti kugadzirwa Atlantic Sturgeon kwakaitika muna 1984. It akabatwa hadzi 1.5m refu, rairema - makirogiramu 30.

Today akasimbisa kuti Atlantic Sturgeon akaramba muGungwa Dema pedyo norwizi Rioni.

Sei akaderedza nhamba

Chinokosha kukuvara nhamba Atlantic Sturgeon anoita mabasa evanhu. On enzizi akavaka dhamu kana dhamu. Somuenzaniso, ari Volkhov River, izvo anopinda Atlantic Sturgeon kuita kuti pave kubva Lake Ladoga, akarwiswa muna 1926 pedyo dhamu. Mumakore achangopfuura, anenge sturgeons mashoko hakuchisina akashuma murwizi.

Man asunungurwa kupinda munzizi nomugungwa, maindasitiri wastewater, kusvibisa mvura kunokanganisa rukuru hove. Zviri kukonzera Sturgeon vanotambura kubva zvinoyangarara matanda. Hunde dzacho kuunganidza mune dzimwe nzvimbo, bindepinde ndima uye kuora, kutyora okisijeni hwechiKomonisiti.

Panguva iyoyo, masayendisiti vanoshamiswa nemashoko cryopreservation pamusoro genomes kuti kukwanisa recreate Zvinoonekwa. Zviitwa izvi zvichaguma chete pamwe zvizere pamwe nyika hanya.

Game "Russian hove"

Hove pamusoro Atlantic Sturgeon asingagoni chete mukombe hove. Nhasi, kune mitambo paIndaneti apo unogona kuratidza kure unyanzvi hwako rakapotsa nyika. "Russian hove" (PP) - mutambo umo munokwanisa kunzwisisa nyore kunyange ruzivo. Musi Neva River Atlantic Sturgeon abatwa chaiyo nzvimbo inonzi Peter uye Paul Fortress. hove Izvi zvinogona kukurumidza kupomba nhanho iri mutambo, pasina inoda mamwe zvekushandisa.

Tips nokuti beginners:

• Kana iwe Akabata guru rybehu, kunwa doro uye kudya muto.
• Uchibata Sturgeon akanakisisa pamusoro ichiyangarara, saka unogona kuwana zvakawanda Zvakaitika mutambo.
• Kana hove duku, kusunungura kubva neshamhu.

Kana uchida kutamba ari PP 3,7. (Neva), Atlantic Sturgeon kuva nechokwadi iwe hove. Kuita izvi vanofanira kupedza vanenge mamiriyoni 2 rubles mutambo. Kiya Fish muripo weUS ths 450. For 1 chidimbu, asi unofanira zvinenge zvitatu. Good, nokudzedzereka simba achava mari zvinenge 450 zviuru. Hwemusi anogona kutenga kana kubata pachako.