Kwezuva nezuva mashoko uye zvokukurukura: mienzaniso uye kushandiswa mitemo

Nyora yakajeka, catchy dzakaoma bhuku. Asi vamwe vanyori vanokwanisa kuwana pfungwa mabasa ake anoyevedza vateereri. Chii chinoita kubudirira kwavo? Tinoedza kuwana munyaya ino, sei kuzadzisa kugamuchirwa nokudenga.

mutauro wakashata

Kwezuva nezuva Mutauro - mashoko ane ine, stylistically akaderedza mumvuri uye kunyange anonyadzisira, izvo dziri kunze mabhuku manyorerwo. Havasi zvinowanzoitika kuti womuenzaniso, bhuku Style, nomuzikamwi asi akasiyana munzanga uye ndivo zvetsika nemagariro zvechadenga vanhu vasingabvumi nhaka mutauro wakanyorwa. Mashoko aya anoshandiswa dzimwe mhando kurukurirano: mune tamba kana yaizivikanwa rwokutaura kutukana sparring uye zvakafanana.

Kazhinji, magazini mumutauro wedu anonzi mutauro dzisiri chaiko, iro rinoshandiswa vanhu kukurukura. Muchiitiko chino, zvingasava mafungu uye kuva anokosha okuti. Mariri vanobatanidzwa Somuenzaniso, mashoko okuti "nechomukati", "nezvizhinji", "kuti vakasununguka", "ndohwavo", "rimwe zuva," "nguva yokuva", "Kashoma", "hombe", "kuneta", "musoro" "dzizere", "zvakaoma mushandi", "kuisa zvimiti munzeve", "brainy".

Mark mumaduramazwi, zvichiratidza akaderedza werudzii mashoko avo nezvaanoreva, kuvapa kubvisa wakatarwa, vasingaverengeki. Kwezuva nezuva Mutauro kazhinji rinokwana kupima uye kuratidza matauriro.

Zvinogonekawo kuwana zvakajairika mashoko, zvakasiyana chete kwayo accentuation uye phonetics ( "tabaterka" panzvimbo "yemumhino", "surezno" panzvimbo "chakakomba").

Zvikonzero Chikumbiro

Kwezuva nezuva duramazwi iri rakasiyana-siyana remutauro rinoshandiswa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana: yemunyori zvakananga toreva zvinorondedzerwa, vavariro pragmatic (journalistic mutsara), kuratidza misoro uye madaro (mashoko), zvikonzero characterological (unyanzvi mitsara). Pamutemo mabhizimisi uye nokukurukurirana kwesayenzi kwezuva nezuva mashoko anonzwisiswa sezvo inostilevoy maatomu akafanana.

indelicate Style

Coarsely kwezuva nezuva Mutauro kwakamupedza simba, kuratidza ruvara svinuka. Inoitwa Somuenzaniso, mashoko aya: "riffraff", "cornstalk" "bonehead", "Mug", "Hari-bellied", "Spieler", "chiso", "Mug", "bast", "mbwakadzi", " okolet "," slyamzit "," the scum "," Hamley ". Kwariri ndezvomunhu yokunyanyisa mutauro wakashata, kureva, mutauro unonyadzisa (anonyadzisira vachipika). Mumagadzirirwo ichi unogona kuwana mashoko aakatipa dzaishandisa tsika (kazhinji metamorphic) - "pembe" ( "kuba"), "uye akaputswa" ( "briskly akati"), "nokuputsanya" ( "nyora"), "ruka" ( "kutaura musoro"), "ngowani" ( "chinosuruvarisa saga"), "vinaigrette" ( "jumble").

nezuva Style

Kukurukura Mutauro ndeimwe inokosha Mapato ari mashoko ose mutauro munyori pamwe kwazvakarerekera uye bhuku Genre. Anoumba shoko, anozivikanwa kunyanya dialogicality mitsara. Style ichi chinotarisa kurongwa Nhaurirano iri madiro interpersonal yokukurukurirana (looseness pakukurukurirana uye okuti ukama, pfungwa, manzwiro, hurukuro yacho), uyewo vezvikwata vamwe tiers mutauro, uchishanda kunyanya anotaurwa zvirevo. Waani netsika mashoko yokusafa kuratidza kuderera coloring.

Ataurwa Genre iri huviri dzisakarurama-nechigadziko dura vanokwanisa: a rakanyorwa dzaishandisa uye Mutauro obihodno-nevatengi.

mutauro kutaura

Chii muhurukuro uye kwezuva nezuva mashoko? Everyday Mutauro ine mashoko chaiwo haadzokorori siyana kukurukura tsika. Zvokukurukura mashoko yunifomu. Vari chiri pazasi kusatsigira mashoko, asi zvichienderana dhigirii ari mabhuku Mutauro rakakamurwa mapoka makuru maviri: Elementary uye emimwe nemashoko.

Everyday Mutauro zvinosanganisira mashoko kuti ape kukurukura mumvuri kusakosha, spontaneity (asi kwete unhu-shoko dzaishandisa). Kubva nemaonero wemigove kutaura vanoti kutaura mashoko sezvo vasina kwavakarerekera uye siyana.

Zvinosanganisira:

• emazita: "nokudzungudza", "guru murume", "musoro";
• adjectives: "Kuregeredza", "kusava";
• adverbs: "nenzira yangu", "asingashumbi";
• anongodzokororwa zvisina kufanira: "Iii", "bai", "LGA".

Everyday duramazwi, pasinei kwayo pritushennost, asingadi kuenda mhiri miganhu wokuRussia mutauro chaiko.

Kwezuva nezuva Mutauro pazasi pamusoro werudzii kupfuura zuva nezuva, naizvozvo, anoiswa kunze kwezvipimo kunyora mashoko Russian. Zvinonzi rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu:

1. Kuratidza zvinonyadzisa Mutauro nemitemo yomutauro kuratidzwa adjectives ( "bedraggled", "bellied"), shoko rechiito ( "hope", "raschuhat"), rokuti ( "cornstalk", "bonehead"), adverbs ( "lousy," "mapenzi"). Mashoko aya kazhinji paaitaura ruzivo vanhu, kutsanangura tsika pamwero wavo. Dzimwe nguva zvinowanika munhaurirano vakangwara. The expressiveness mashoko aya uye avo kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye mupfungwa kukwanisa vakwanise dzimwe nguva kunonyatsopupurira uye muchidimbu zvinoratidza reshiyo (kupfuura kunaka) chero chinhu, chinonakidza kana munhu.
2. Zvinonyadzisa-dzaishandisa Mutauro kwakasiyana dzemakwiringwindi uye kuratidza mukuru pamwero kujairirana. Izvi Somuenzaniso, mashoko anotevera: "Heil", "Mug" "Mug", "tabapi", "chigomero", "Rylnikov". Mashoko ounyanzvi izvi, vanokwanisa wokushandura mafungiro asina kunaka kutaura kuti dzimwe Zvikamu. Pamusana kunyanya noutsinye Mutauro kwakadaro hahuna ari kukurukurirana cultured vanhu.
3. Chaizvoizvo, dzaishandisa nemashoko. Izvi zvinosanganisira vashoma mashoko dzisiri chaiko, kwete nokuti zveufende (havana unhu nokuda kuratidza ruvara uye kukosha) kana kuva zvehondo hunhu (havana nokutuka semantics), asi nekuti havazivi zano kushandisa vanhu vakadzidza kukurukura. Aya mashoko akafanana "Pachine", "iye zvino", "baba," "Ndinofunga," "kuita kuti pave". Izvi rworudzi mutauro Anonziwo demotic, uye yakasiyana mutauro rinoshandiswa muguta uye muruwa.

anoreva zvakafanana

Anoreva zvakafanana mune kwezuva nezuva mashoko uye mabhuku panguva imwecheteyo kakawanda akasiyana siyana rwekutaura uye expressiveness:

• musoro - Galangal, chump;
• Chiso - shata nekomichiyakazara, munyaradze;
• tsoka - klyagi.

Kazhinji paaitaura kuitika kwete chete kufanana yakadaro, uye emimwe neshanduro mashoko chaiko, kusanganisira girama:

• kwaari - kwaari;
• nguva dzose - zavsegda;
• akadya - Iye poemshi;
• dzavo - chavo;
• kunze - ottudova, ottedova;
• bhayibhayi - kuti svidanitsa.

okugadzira zvinhu M.Zoshchenko

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti nzira kutaura kutaura zviri kwezuva nezuva mashoko. Zvechokwadi, mumaoko non-mabhuku munyori masterovitogo mashoko anogona havashumiri chete senzira tsanangudzo mupfungwa vevatambi, asiwo kuti vaunze mumwe kucherechedzwa manyorero chaiwo ezvinhu. The kumumvuri uyu ndiwo mabasa okusika Zoshchenko, uyo nounyanzvi parodied muFiristia Pfungwa uye nzira youpenyu, "vkraplivaya" iri kukurukurirana zvakanaka magamba folksy mashoko.

Sei kutarira mumabhuku ake wemuSpain Mutauro? Mienzaniso professionalism M.Zoshchenko chaizvo. Munyori uyu matarenda akanyora zvinotevera:

"Ndinoti:

- Ko nguva kugara yemitambo? Call angava.

Uye anoti:

- No.

Uye wechitatu, anotora keke.

Ndinotaura:

- Kutsanya - kwete zvikuru? Dai kukurutsai.

Uye anoti:

- Kwete, - anoti - isu anoshandiswa.

Uye mapiki wechina.

Ipapo ini anorova muropa musoro.

- Lodge - vanoti - musana!

Iye ispuzhalsya. Iye muromo wake, uye kupenya zino pamuromo.

Uye kana ini akadonhera zvaimutambisira yokungoita. All chete, ndinofunga, asisiri kubuda naye.

- Lodge - ndinoti - kugehena "(" Aristocrat "nyaya!).

In basa iri, enyambo mugumisiro kunokwanisika kwete chete nokuda muzvizhinji kuti anonyadzisira mashoko uye nezvimiro, asiwo nokuti kuti mashoko aya kumira kubva "ndarama" mabhuku cliches: "kudya keke" uye zvichingodaro. Somugumisiro, izvozvo akasika munhu mupfungwa mufananidzo vakadzidza havaratidzi, anodzvinyirira murume, tichiedza sokuti vakangwara. Ndiye ainakidza gamba Zoshchenko.

bazi remutauro mutauro

Uye chii mutauro, kwezuva nezuva mashoko? Kudzidza Urban anonyadzisira mutauro, vanhu vakawanda vanobvunza kukurumidza mubvunzo pamusoro yekwaanogara coloring, nokuda kufurirwa tumitauro: Anosimbisa shoma kusarudza maererano Data rimwe chete rakanga runoita kuenzanisa navo nemamwe maguta zvinhu, somuenzaniso, Tambov, Omsk, Voronezh, ėlista, Krasnoyarsk uye zvichingodaro.

Kwakajairika miganhu pakati dzaishandisa uye mutauro Mutauro iri kazhinji zvinokonzerwa nhoroondo Links pamwe National remutauro akariposhera, masero zvikonzero kuti havasi zvachose kodzero dzimwe nguva vakaongorora sezvo inokosha raijekesa of kwezvinoshandiswa dura nevakawanda mutauro.

Unyanzvi A. I. Solzhenitsyna

Bvumiranai, dzimwe nguva vachishandisa kwezuva nezuva mashoko anopa chigadzirwa imwe kusiyana. Mitauro uye manyorero unyanzvi A. I. Solzhenitsyna, kwakaratidzwa zvinoshamisa mavambo chinokwezva nyanzvi dzemitauro zhinji. Uye zvisinganzwisisiki kubvisa ukama zvinoda vamwe vaverengi kudzidza mutauro uye manyorero mabasa munyori uyu. Somuenzaniso, yokufungidzira wake "Mumwe Day muna Ivana Denisovicha" inoratidza womukati kubatana uye inowirirana, chido yakarurama zvayo yokufananidzira kutukwa sezvamunoita, umo, zvaizoshamisa ne L. N. NdiTolstoy, "yakasiyana nzira nokuda chete zvinoita shoko," riri chiratidzo artistry kwechokwadi.

chinokosha chinhu

Remutauro Mutauro kunokosha kwazvo Solzhenitsyn. "Gungano" ari murimi mudiki munyori wacho basa, ukamuita protagonist pamusoro yokufungidzira wake, munyori anenge akwanisa uvhure chaizvo unconventional uye kuratidza remutauro tinyatsonzwisisa kutaura kwayo, zvakasimba kunze yose uno manyorero zvinobudirira kudzokera arohwa rwemhuri "yakakurumbira" kutaura kuchaita, anotsauka bhuku bhuku ( kutaipa "nadys" "Muapostora", "mudiwa wangu," "iwe kutarira-Koch" uye akafanana).

Vakawanda rondedzero iyi inoti anogadzirwa kwete kuburikidza kwemashoko ( "uhaydakatsya", "chando", "Khalabuda", "gunyavy"), uye nokuda shoko-inotungamirwa "obnevolyu", "nedotyka", "ukryvische", "udovolenny" "vakakurumidza". nzira iyi unobatanidza kuti bazi remutauro kutaura zvinoyevedza munda, sezvinoita mutemo, kutsoropodzwa chiri achibvumirana tinyatsonzwisisa sezvo unoponesa associative yaizivikanwa kudyidzana mufananidzo uye neshoko.

Kutaura vanhu

Uye sei kushandisa kwezuva nezuva mashoko ari kutaura? Patinenge ano murimi mudiki remutauro uye emimwe Mutauro kubva mumwe anenge vasingasiyani. Uye shure kune, muti, mashoko akadai sokuti "haubatsiri," "samodumka", "duhovity", "hove" chero zvikuru mutauri, uye chaiyo nekuti vachinzwisisa kana zvinoshandiswa mukuru vasiri mabhuku ehupfumi dzavo - kuti izwi kupima Ivan Denisovich hazvina basa. Zvakakosha kuti achibatsirwa zvose wokutanga uye yokudanwa gamba rechipiri anogamuchira zvakafanira manyorero-mupfungwa.

Tinonzwa pamusoro rupo pfungwa zvinosetsa, kurarama, vakasununguka kubva nyore akakweretwa mumakore achangobva kupfuura pamusoro siyana vanokakavara nhandare mureza njere zvavo kutaura. Solzhenitsyn nayo anoziva uye sensitively anoona maketeni itsva zviduku.

Sei zvimwe kunoratidzwa kwezuva nezuva mashoko? Mienzaniso chikumbiro zvinogona kutungamirira nokusingaperi. Sezvineiwo kushandiswa Shukhov "inishuwarenzi" rechiito iri itsva "mitambo-kugadzirwa" tsika - kuitira rakavimbika chiito kudzivirira "Shukhov ... neruoko rumwe nokuonga, Akakurumidza nedokurok, uye wechipiri kubva pasi kusvikira inishuwarenzi, kuti varege kushayiwa."

Kana styazhonnoe kushandisa imwe tsika "kuva" shoko rechiito aigona kuonekwa mune mukurumbira vachiti chete zvino, "akaunza mumwe trafaretki kubva hondo, uye kubvira ipapo aenda, uye zvakawanda madhayi zvakadai vataipa: hapana umbwa hapana hakushandi ... ".

Zivo acho mashoko vakapa Solzhenitsyn inoremerwa upenyu ruzivo, uye, chokwadi, kushingaira kufarira muuki, zvichiita kuti kwete chete kubata, asiwo zvakananga kuti kuongorora mutauro wokuRussia.