Machechi Yekare Russia - Photo uye tsananguro

Stone chechi yekare akatanga kuvaka pashure kuitwa chiKristu sezvo chitendero Russia mamiriro. Vakanga yokutanga yakavakwa mumaguta kupfuura - Kiev, Vladimir uye Novgorod. machechi Most achiripo uye zvinokosha mapurani sezvivako.

nhoroondo mashoko

Old Russian Hurumende yakasvika Parainge yaitonga Vladimira Velikogo uye mwanakomana wake Yaroslava Mudrogo. Mugore 988 rakaparidzirwa chitendero chiKristu mamiriro. Izvi zvakanga zvikuru nokuda pakuzadzisa feudal ukama, nokusimbaradza kubatana munyika, kuwedzera upenyu nemagariro, kuwedzera ukama pakati Byzantine Empire nemamwe masimba European. Zvichitevera kufarirwa kwechiKristu Russia vakatanga kuvaka yekare ibwe makereke. To basa akakoka zvakanakisisa vemifananidzo nguva yake, akashandisa unyanzvi uye michina nebudiriro yaitonga.

Wokutanga ibwe chechi - Zvegumi - rakadzikwa pakati Kiev pasi Vladimir Guru. Panguva yacho kuvakwa muchinda akakwanisa yekudyidzana kusimbisa guta uye vawedzere ndima yayo.

Byzantine Style mu mapurani

machechi Yekare Russia iri kazhinji magadzirirwo ayo nowenyika Byzantine kereke. Asi nokukurumidza ichi unyanzvi muenzaniso akatanga kutora nyika dzose.

Church of Zvegumi yaiva chechi muchinjikwa domed. Chete chimiro uye aiva Chernigov Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, Sofia Kiev nevamwe.

Funga maitiro zviri Byzantine machechi:

• Cross-domed machechi akanga kuvaka zvikamu rising, uko kunosimbiswa nokusava mbiru ina. Vari dzimwe nguva vakabatana vaviri zvakawanda (nokuti makuru hukuru).
• machechi Ancient chakafanana negomo.
• Nokuti kuvakwa temberi vaishandisa anokosha zvidhinha zvimwe chimiro - plinfy kuti chokuita Via tsemyanki.
• Windows, sezvo mutemo, vane vaviri mawindo uye kwedenga.
• Huru nzeve yakanga rinotarisa richienda kereke. Rich sezvamunoita kunze vasipo.

Mamirire zviri mapurani yekare

Russia machechi yekare dzakavakwa pamusoro Byzantine womuenzaniso. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, mavakirwo awana zvayo yenyika zvinhu.

• Temberi vakanga zvikuru Byzantine. Kuti aite izvi, isu kuvaka mamwe namaberere akapoteredza huru chivakwa.
• Asi, musimboti mbiru kushandisa mbiru zvikuru krestopodobnye.
• dzimwe nguva Plinfa ne ibwe.
• Scenic magadzirirwo Style akapa nzira kwakajeka pamwe nguva.
• C muna XII. kwete kushandiswa shongwe namaberere uye kwete nevasiri akafukidzwa divi.

Sophia Cathedral

Ancient Cathedral yakavakwa munguva soro ichatonga zvine mbiri Kievan Rus. In renhoroondo dzamadzimambo nheyo St. Sophia yakatanga kusvika 1017 kana 1037 makore.

The Church chakatsaurirwa uchenjeri dzidziso dzechiKristu uye yakagadzirirwa kusimbisa ukuru chitendero chitsva. Mumazuva Russia vakagara pano tsika nemagariro muzinda guru. The Church akanga akapoteredzwa nevamwe amabwe mutemberi, nhare uye zvivako zvavo dzomumaguta.

Pakutanga kwaiva shanu-wengarava muchinjikwa-domed chivakwa. Zvayaiva kunze maberere. kuvaka rusvingo dzakavakwa dzvuku chidhinha uye plinths. Sophia Cathedral, uyewo mamwe machechi vekare Russian, yakange yakashongedzwa zvaiva zvakasiyana-siyana uye Maberere. The mukati akazara Pamifananidzo yakanaka gilded mosaics. Zvose akapa pfungwa nokubwinya kukuru uye kunoshamisira. Cathedral akazodza vamwe yakakurumbira Byzantine vanatenzi.

Sophia Cathedral - rakasiyana Monument pamusoro mavakirwo Ukraine akachengetedzwa mushure Mongol nechisimba muna 1240.

Church of Kurevererwa Mhandara

Kereke, riri pamahombekombe ari Nerl River imwe yakakurumbira Zvivako zviri Suzdal munyika. Temberi yakavakwa Andreem Bogolyubskim ari XII remakore. vachikudza zororo racho idzva Russia - Protection of Mhandara. Kufanana nedzimwe chechi yekare akawanda Russian, chechi iri pamuchinjikwa-domed chivakwa pamusoro pembiru ina. Chivako rakajeka chaizvo uye nyore. Pamifananidzo kereke vasina akapukunyuka kusvikira nhasi, sezvo vakaparadzwa panguva vavakezve pakupera yacho XIX remakore.

Kremlin muMoscow

Moscow Kremlin - kupfuura akakurumbira uye mukuru mapurani Monument iri guru Russia. Maererano nengano, nhare yematanda yokutanga yakavakwa kunyange apo Yuri Dolgoruky pakutanga pamusoro XII remakore. machechi Ancient of Kremlin ndivo kupfuura ukurumbire Russia uye achiri kunokwezva vashanyi nokunaka kwaro.

kubvuma Cathedral

Wokutanga ibwe Cathedral muMoscow - kubvuma. It rakavakwa rokuItari mapurani yaitonga Ivan III panguva yakakwirira Kremlin chikomo. Kazhinji, imba zvakafanana nevamwe vekare machechi Russian: muchinjikwa-rising womuenzaniso, mbiru matanhatu uye zvitsauko mashanu. The hwaro pakuvaka uye magadzirirwo akabatwa kubvuma Church mu Vladimir. Mokupera yakavakwa njanji ukama (panzvimbo zvetsika pomuouki), yaiva chinhu chitsva kuti Russia.

Kubvuma Cathedral akaitirwa asimbise ukuru Muscovy uye kuratidza simba rayo. yaiitwa ikoko vemachechi, dzinosarudzwa Metropolitan, akaroora ushe vatongi Russian.

Cathedral of Annunciation

Panguva apo Moscow achiri muduku kwavabati pamusoro nzvimbo imwe temberi yekare Annunciation Cathedral. kuvakwa chivako chitsva kwakatanga muna 1484. Nokuti pakurigadzira ezvivako Russian kubva muPskov vakakokwa. Muna August 1489 akasimuka chando chena trehkupolny temberi, takapoteredzwa guru maberere kumativi matatu.
Kana kubvuma Cathedral aiva pakati weutungamiriri, apo zvinokosha zvechitendero uye zvematongerwo enyika nemhemberero, the Annunciation yakanga youmambo imba chechi dzechitendero. Uyezve, kuchengeta mamiriro chefuma vatongi zvikuru.

Church of Ngirozi Huru

Ichi chiyeuchidzo rekare iri temberi-muhwiro muguruva inochengeterwa Russian vakakurumbira. Pano vakavigwa Ivan Kalita, Dmitry Donskoy, Ivan Grozny, Vasiliy Temny, Vasiliy Shuysky nevamwe.

Cathedral archangel yakavakwa 1508 ne wokuItaly akitekiti Aleviz. Tenzi akasvika muMoscow panguva kukokwa Ivan III.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kereke Ngirozi Huru haina kufanana nemamwe machechi rekare raiva pamusoro Red Square. Iye anoyeuchidza rokunyika chivakwa, magadzirirwo izvo pane motifs yekare. Cathedral ngirozi huru muchinjikwa-domed shanu-domed chivako mbiru matanhatu. Panguva yaivakwa kokutanga munhoroondo Russian mavakirwo vaviri-weDanho wokuparidza France kugadzirwa yaishandiswa.

Church of Ascension muna Kolomenskoye

Kereke yakavakwa muna 1532 mukukudza kuberekwa Ivana Groznogo. Uise chivakwa chakanaka pamahombekombe ari Moscow River. Ascension Church Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo nemamwe machechi Russian. In fomu zviri vakaenzana-muchinjikwa uye ndiye muenzaniso wokutanga hudyu architecture Russia.